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Papers - Oguma, Yuko

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Ice slurry ingestion improves physical performance during high-intensity intermittent exercise in a hot environment

A Morito, T Inami, A Hirata, S Yamada, M Shimomasuda, M Haramoto, ...

PloS one 17 (9), e0274584 (PLoS ONE) 17 ( 9 ) e0274584 2022

ISSN 1932-6203

Ice slurry ingestion enhances exercise performance by lowering the core body temperature. However, an operational issue related to this ingestion is the requirement for a high intake of 7.5 g·kg-1 to produce the desired effects. We investigated the effects of the intake of low amounts of ice slurry at -2°C on the tympanic temperature and exercise performance during repeated high-intensity intermittent exercises in a hot environment. This study was a randomized, crossover study, with a 6-day washout period. Twelve university rugby union players performed two 30-min sessions of high-intensity intermittent exercises separated by a 15-min half-time break on a cycle ergometer in a hot environment (28.8°C ± 0.1°C, 49.5% ± 0.6% relative humidity). The participants ingested 450 g of -2°C-ice slurry (ICE), or a 30°C-beverage (CON) having the same composition as ICE, or 30°C-water (WAT) during the half-time break. The tympanic temperature and skin temperature were measured as the physiological data, and the peak power and mean power as the exercise performance data. The tympanic temperature at the half-time break and beginning of the 2nd session was significantly lower in the ICE group as compared with the CON and WAT groups. The skin temperature at the half-time break was significantly lower in the ICE group as compared with the WAT group. While the peak power and mean power during the 2nd session were significantly greater in the ICE group as compared with the CON and WAT groups. Our findings suggest that even the intake of lower amounts, as compared with those used in previous studies, of low-temperature ice slurry can reduce the body temperature and improve the peak power. These results suggest that intake of low-temperature ice slurry as a strategy for internal body cooling is useful for improving endurance exercise performance in hot environments.

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Monitoring of Post-Brain Injuries By Measuring Plasma Levels of Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

N Hotta, T Tadokoro, J Henry, D Koga, K Kawata, H Ishida, Y Oguma, ...

Biomarker Insights 17, 11772719221128145 (Biomarker Insights) 17 11772719221128145 - 117727192211281 2022

ISSN 1177-2719

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EV) released from neurons into the blood can reflect the state of nervous tissue. Measurement of neuron derived EV (NDE) may serve as an indicator of brain injury. Methods: A sandwich immunoassay was established to measure plasma NDE using anti-neuron CD171 and anti-EV CD9 ([CD171 + CD9+]). Plasma samples were obtained from commercial sources, cross-country (n = 9), football (n = 22), soccer (n = 19), and rugby (n = 18) athletes over time. Plasma was also collected from patients undergoing total aortic arch replacement (TAR) with selective cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass before and after surgery (n = 36). Results: The specificity, linearity, and reproducibility of NDE assay (measurement of [CD171 + CD9+]) were confirmed. By scanning electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking, spherical vesicles ranging in size from 150 to 300 nm were confirmed. Plasma levels of NDE were widely spread over 2 to 3 logs in different individuals with a significant age-dependent decrease. However, NDE were very stable in each individual within a ± 50% change over time (cross-country, football, soccer), whereas rugby players were more variable over 4 years. In patients undergoing TAR, NDE increased rapidly in days post-surgery and were significantly (P =.0004) higher in those developing postoperative delirium (POD) (n = 13) than non-delirium patients (n = 23). Conclusions: The blood test to determine plasma levels of NDE was established by a sandwich immunoassay using 2 antibodies against neuron (CD171) and exosomes (CD9). NDE levels varied widely in different individuals and decreased with age, indicating that NDE levels should be considered as a normalizer of NDE biomarker studies. However, NDE levels were stable over time in each individual, and increased rapidly after TAR with greater increases associated with patients developing POD. This assay may serve as a surrogate for evaluating and monitoring brain injuries.

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加速度計で調査した地域在住高齢者の身体活動：川崎市における高齢者の暮らし方と健康に関する学術調査

小熊祐子, 新井康通

運動疫学 (Japanese Association of Exercise Epidemiology) - ( 1 ) 50 - 51 2022

Accepted, ISSN 13475827

Association between dietary patterns and subjective and objective measures of physical activity among Japanese adults aged 85 years and older: a cross-sectional study

T Yu, Y Oguma, K Asakura, Y Abe, Y Arai

British Journal of Nutrition, 1-29 (The British journal of nutrition) 130 ( 6 ) 1 - 10 2022

ISSN 0007-1145

A healthy diet and regular physical activity (PA) are delineated as healthy behaviours. Their implementation is associated with better health outcomes and improved quality of life. There is less evidence of a relationship between dietary patterns (DP) and PA, especially in adults aged ≥ 85. Hence, this cross-sectional study investigates the association between DP and PA in people of this age group, using the data from The Kawasaki Aging and Well-Being Project. Brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire was used to estimate the intake of fifty-eight types of food. After energy adjustment, principal component analysis was performed to identify DP. PA was measured objectively using an accelerometer and subjectively using a questionnaire validated for this age group. Thousand participants (median age: 86·9 years, men: 49·9 %) were included in the analysis. Three major DP (DP1 'various foods', DP2 'red meats and coffee', DP3 'bread and processed meats') were identified. DP1 'various foods' was similar to DP previously named 'healthy' or 'prudent' and showed a positive association with PA time (PAT) as measured by accelerometer (B, 6·25; 95 % CI 0·13, 12·37) and relatively shorter sedentary behaviour (SB) time. DP2 'red meats and coffee' and DP3 'bread and processed meats' were negatively associated with PAT and positively associated with SB time. This study observed the relationship between diet and PA behaviours in adults aged ≥ 85, with healthier and more food-diverse DP associated with longer PAT and relatively unhealthy DP with shorter PAT.

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Current status of awareness, knowledge, beliefs, and behavioral intentions regarding the Japanese physical activity guidelines and their relationship with physical activity and …

T Tajima, K Harada, Y Oguma, SS Sawada

[Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi] Japanese Journal of Public Health 2022

The impact pathways of environmental, social, and behavioural factors on healthy ageing for urban dwellers aged 85+: Longitudinal study of the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total …

N Yoshida, Y Arai, M Takayama, Y Abe, Y Oguma

SSM-Population Health 18, 101089 2022

Identification of dietary patterns and their relationship with physical performance in adults of 85 years of age and older-A cross sectional study from The Tokyo Oldest Old …

T Yu, Y Oguma, K Asakura, M Takayama, Y Abe, Y Arai

Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi. Japanese Journal of Geriatrics 59 (4), 507-517 2022

JMIR Aging

K Tabira, Y Oguma, S Yoshihara, M Shibuya, M Nakamura, N Doihara, ...

Journal Impact Factorâ¢(JIF) 2022

Behavioral changes and hygiene practices of older adults in Japan during the first wave of COVID-19 emergency

Y Arai, Y Oguma, Y Abe, M Takayama, A Hara, H Urushihara, ...

BMC geriatrics 21 (1), 1-9 (BMC Geriatrics) 21 ( 1 ) 137 2021.12

Background: On April 7, 2020, Japan declared a state of emergency due to the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with the associated social distancing likely to have had a great impact on older adults’ lifestyle and health. This study aimed to explore the behavioral changes and personal hygiene practices in relation with background psychosocial and health characteristics of older adults during the COVID-19 emergency. Methods: A cross-sectional telephonic survey was conducted with the participants of the Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project (KAWP), an on-going longitudinal cohort study of older adults aged 85 or older. The interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire consisting of 11 closed questions regarding behavioral changes and personal hygiene practices during the state of emergency. Sociodemographic and health data were obtained from the KAWP baseline survey conducted 2.2 years before the telephonic survey. Results: Overall, 487 participants from the KAWP responded to the telephonic survey (response rate: 89.2%). 94.5% of the respondents reported no changes in basic lifestyle habits, such as eating, sleeping, smoking, and drinking, whereas 28.1% reported a decrease in physical activity, and 54.6% reported going out less frequently. One-third of the respondents reported a decrease in the number of people to converse with, as well as the amount of time to converse. For personal hygiene practices, 93.8% reported wearing a mask when they went out, and 50.3% reported an increased frequency of handwashing. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that engagement in physical activity at baseline (odds ratio [OR] = 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23–3.08), smartphone ownership (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.33–3.47), and visual impairment (OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.10–2.91) were independently associated with decreased physical activity during the COVID-19 emergency. Female respondents and smartphone ownership were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing. Conclusions: The study revealed that older adults in an urban setting responded to the COVID-19 emergency with behavioral changes. The findings of this study have implications for the design of preventive strategies to maintain the health and wellbeing of at-risk older adults.

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Measurement of the temperature dependence of dwell time and spin relaxation probability of Rb atoms on paraffin surfaces using a beam-scattering method

Kanta Asakawa, Yutaro Tanaka, Kenta Uemura, Norihiro Matsuzaka, Kunihiro Nishikawa, Yuki Oguma, Hiroaki Usui, Atsushi Hatakeyama

2021.08

The scattering of Rb atoms on an anti-relaxation coating was studied. No significant change in the spin relaxation probability of Rb atoms by single scattering from a tetracontane surface was observed by cooling the film from 305 to 123 K. The mean surface dwell time was estimated using a time-resolved method.Delay-time spectra, from which mean surface dwell times can be estimated, were measured at 305, 153, and 123 K, with a time window of $9.3\times 10^{-5}$ s. The increase in mean surface dwell time with cooling from 305 to 123 K was smaller than $4.4\times 10^{-6}$ s, which is significantly smaller than the value expected from the mean dwell time at room temperature measured using the Larmor frequency shift. These results can be explained by assuming a small number of scattering components, with a mean surface dwell time at least three orders of magnitude longer than the majority component.

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Changes In Physical Activity And Health Indicators In The Covid-19 Disasters: Results Of A Mail Questionnaire Survey Of Community-based Group Exercise Elderly Participants In Fujisawa, Japan

Oguma Yuko, Doihara Natsue, Saito Yoshinobu, Ito Tomoya, Tajima Takayuki

MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE 53 ( 8 ) 193 - 193 2021.08

Joint Work, ISSN 0195-9131

Physical activity and all-cause mortality and mediators of the association in the very old

Y Osawa, Y Abe, M Takayama, Y Oguma, Y Arai

Experimental Gerontology 150, 111374 (Experimental Gerontology) 150 111374 - 111374 2021.07

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, ISSN 05315565

Background and objective: Physical activity (PA) confers protection to individuals from the risk of death. However, in the very old, the dose-response relationship between PA and all-cause mortality and the possible biological mediators of this association are less known. We investigated whether PA predicts 6-year all-cause mortality and what biomarkers mediate the association. Design: Prospective cohort data from the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health study. Setting: Community-dwelling population. Participants: A total of 441 women and men aged over 85 years. Measurements: Questionnaire-based PA was assessed at baseline and 3-year and 6-year follow-up visits. Survival status was confirmed up to the 6-year follow-up visit (153 deaths, 34.7%). Data of plasma albumin, cholinesterase, NT-proBNP, interleukin-6, cystatin C, and HbA1c levels were collected. For mediation analysis for survival analysis, we used the baseline PA and biomarkers with Weibull distribution accelerated failure time model and linear regression model adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, education level, and Mini-Mental State Examination. Results: A curvilinear relationship was observed in the association between baseline PA and all-cause mortality. Compared to the inactive (0 METs*h/week), light amount of PA was associated with a lower risk of mortality. Compared to the highest tertile of PA (11.2 METs*h/week), higher PA did not reduce the risk of death. Circulation levels of albumin and cholinesterase mediated the association between baseline PA and all-cause mortality (proportion mediated, 54%, both; p < 0.05). Conclusions: Compared to completely inactive, light PA reduces the risk of all-cause mortality in the very old population. Mediation analysis suggests that protein synthesis in the liver may mediate the association between PA and all-cause mortality. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying association between PA, nutrition, and death.

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Functional status and instrumental activities of daily living after transcatheter aortic valve replacement

S Fukui, M Kawakami, K Hayashida, A Ishikawa, N Mori, Y Oguma, ...

Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation 37 (2), 128-131 (Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation) 37 ( 2 ) 128 - 131 2021.04

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, ISSN 08827524

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes over time in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), physical function, physical frailty, cognitive function, and nutritional status after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Fifty consecutive older patients with aortic stenosis as possible candidates for TAVI were prospectively enrolled. Their average age was 84.6 ± 3.1 years, and 39 (78%) were female. The results of the linear mixed-effects model for the isometric knee extension muscular strength showed a significant change. IADL and nutritional status were significantly different preoperatively compared with 6 months postoperatively after transfemoral TAVI.

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成人における冬季の住宅内の暖房使用と座位行動および身体活動スマートウェルネス住宅調査による横断研究

伊藤真紀, 伊香賀俊治, 小熊祐子, 齋藤義信, 藤野善久, 安藤真太朗, 村上周三, スマートウェルネス住宅調査グループ

運動疫学研究: Research in Exercise Epidemiology (日本運動疫学会) 23 ( 1 ) 45 - 56 2021.03

Joint Work, ISSN 1347-5827

目的:成人を対象に,冬季の暖房使用と住宅内の座位行動および身体活動の関連を検討すること。方法:本研究は横断研究である。調査は沖縄県を除く46都道府県の工務店等を通して募集した断熱改修工事予定のある住宅に居住する20歳以上の成人を対象に2014年度から2017年度までの冬季(11月〜4月)に実施し,3,874名から同意を得た。加速度計は連続14日間の装着を依頼した。行動日誌から覚醒在宅時間帯を特定し,住宅内の座位行動と身体活動を評価した。コタツおよび脱衣所暖房使用の有無と住宅内の座位行動,身体活動との関連は目的変数を対数変換したうえで,日レベル(室温,オフセット項として覚醒在宅時加速度計装着時間等),個人レベル(年齢,BM等),世帯レベル(世帯年収,同居人数等)で調整した線形混合モデル(ランダム切片モデル)を男女別に実施した。非標準化偏回帰係数は指数変換し,目的変数への関連の程度を算出した。結果:有効データは3,482名であった。多変量解析の結果,コタツを使用しない場合は住宅内の座位行動時間が約2%短く[男性:exp(B)=0.98,p=0.022,女性:exp(B)=0.98,p=0.020],その中断回数は約10%多く[男性:exp(B)=1.10,p=0.001,女性:exp(B)=1.11,p<0.001],身体活動も5〜7%多かった[男性:exp(B)=1.07,p=0.005,女性:exp(B)=1.05,p=0.012]。脱衣所を暖房する場合も同様の関連が確認された。結論:コタツを使用しない人,脱衣所を暖房する人は,住宅内の座位行動時間が短く,かつ頻繁に中断し,身体活動量も多かった。局所暖房を使用せず,非居室でも暖房を行い家を暖かく保つことは,住宅内の座位行動を抑制し身体活動を促進する可能性がある。(著者抄録)

身体活動ガイドラインの認知・知識の評価方法、並びに身体活動量との関連性についてのレビュー

田島敬之, 齋藤義信, 小熊祐子

運動疫学研究: Research in Exercise Epidemiology (日本運動疫学会) 23 ( 1 ) 15 - 35 2021.03

Joint Work, ISSN 1347-5827

目的:本研究は,成人を対象とした身体活動ガイドラインにおける認知・知識の評価方法の特性や,身体活動ガイドラインの認知・知識と身体活動量の関連について網羅的なレビューを実施することで,これまでの国内外の研究動向を整理し,今後の研究課題の探索と提言を行うことを目的とした。方法:データベースはPubMed,PsycINFO,医中誌を用いた。検索語は「ガイドライン」,「認知または知識」,「身体活動または座位行動」に関するキーワードが含まれるように選定し,検索式を設計した。設定した適格基準を基にスクリーニングを実施して採択の可否を判定し,論文の概要を抽出した。結果:2001年以降に発表された25編を採択した。身体活動ガイドラインの認知の評価方法は純粋想起法と助成想起法に大別された。純粋想起法と身体活動量の間には正の関連を認めたが,助成想起法では結果が一貫していなかった。ガイドラインの知識の評価方法は多様であり,推奨量を数値で回答させる評価方法が多かった。ガイドラインの知識では,推奨量を数値で回答させる・選択肢から適切な推奨量を回答させる研究で身体活動量との正の関連を認めた研究が多かった。座位行動を評価した研究は1編のみであった。結論:身体活動ガイドラインの認知・知識の評価方法は,研究間で異なっており,身体活動量との関連は結果が一貫していなかった。認知・知識の評価方法の確立と客観的な身体活動・座位行動の評価による研究の蓄積が今後の課題である。(著者抄録)

Relationship of stress response, coping and lifestyle with premenstrual syndrome in female university athletes: A structural equation modeling

Tani M, Oguma Y, Saito Y, Ishida H

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 70 ( 1 ) 109 - 116 2021.02

Joint Work, ISSN 0039-906X

To date, there has been no comprehensive study on the relationship of stress response, coping and lifestyle (e.g., diet, exercise habits, and sleeping habits) with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) for female athletes. This study aimed to examine this relationship. We used a web questionnaire to acquire the required data from Japanese female university athletes. Based on structural equation modeling, we used the PMS score as an outcome and examined its relationship to stress response, emotion-focused coping, dietary intake, amount of exercise in club activities surveyed by club unit, and sleeping time. Our study included 257 subjects (average age, 20 years). The results showed that the stress response was a direct factor in the PMS score (standardized coefficient:.63). Emotion-focused coping and dietary intake were associated with PMS scores through stress response (-.26 and -.27, respectively). Emotion-focused coping was also associated with the dietary intake (.19). Factors associated with emotion-focused coping were amount of exercise (.22) and sleeping time (.27). The amount of exercise was associated with sleeping time (-.26). These results suggest that avoiding stressors, enhancing emotion-focused coping, reducing the stress response by maintaining a balanced and sufficient diet, performing an appropriate amount of exercise, and improving sleep habits may be effective in managing PMS.

Hierarchical Topic Model for Tensor Data and Extraction of Weekly and Daily Patterns from Activity Monitor Records.

S Nomura, M Watanabe, Y Oguma

PAKDD (Workshops), 17-30 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)) 12705 LNAI 17 - 30 2021

Joint Work, ISSN 0302-9743

Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is a popular topic model for extracting common patterns from discrete datasets. It is extended to the pachinko allocation model (PAM) with a hierarchical topic structure. This paper presents a combination meal allocation (CMA) model, which is a further enhanced topic model from the PAM that has both hierarchical categories and hierarchical topics. We consider count datasets in multiway arrays, i.e., tensors, and introduce a set of topics to each mode of the tensors. The topics in each mode are interpreted as patterns in the topics and categories in the next mode. Despite there being a vast number of combinations in multilevel categories, our model provides simple and interpretable patterns by sharing the topics in each mode. Latent topics and their membership are estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. We apply the proposed model to step-count data recorded by activity monitors to extract some common activity patterns exhibited by the users. Our model identifies four daily patterns of ambulatory activities (commuting, daytime, nighttime, and early-bird activities) as sub-topics, and six weekly activity patterns as super-topics. We also investigate how the amount of activity in each pattern dynamically affects body weight changes.

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A community-wide intervention to promote physical activity: A five-year quasi-experimental study

Y Saito, A Tanaka, T Tajima, T Ito, Y Aihara, K Nakano, M Kamada, ...

Preventive Medicine, 106708 (Preventive Medicine) 150 106708 - 106708 2021

Joint Work, ISSN 0091-7435

Evidence on the effects of a community-wide intervention (CWI) on population-level physical activity (PA), especially in the long term, is limited. Therefore, we evaluated the five-year effect of CWI on promoting PA through information dissemination, education, and community support primarily targeting older adults, by incorporating Japanese guidelines, in Fujisawa City, from 2013. To assess the effect of the whole-city intervention, we distributed questionnaires in 2013, 2015, and 2018 to three independent random samples of 3,000 community-dwelling adults (aged ≥ 20 years) using a quasi-experimental study design. Three separate samples responded to the survey (41% at baseline, 46% at the two-year mark, and 48% at the five-year follow-up). The primary outcome was change in PA participation. At the five-year follow-up, PA (median: 120 minutes/day) was significantly higher than at baseline (86 minutes/day) and the two-year follow-up (90 minutes/day). The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that PA among older adults—the primary target population of the CWI—increased significantly at the five-year follow-up, compared to those aged 20–64 (mean difference of change between groups: 14.7 minutes/day, P= 0.029). Among older adults, PA was significantly lower in those with poorer perceived economic status than in their more well-off counterparts at the two-year follow-up (P= 0.003); however, there was no significant difference at the five-year follow-up (P= 1.000). There was a positive interaction between group and period (mean difference of change between groups: 40.9 minutes/day, P= 0.001). In conclusion, the five-year CWI targeting older adults, incorporating national guidelines, improved population-level PA.

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Symposium7-5高齢者およびサルコペニアを有する人を対象にした運動プログラムの作成

齋藤義信, 小熊祐子

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 70 ( 1 ) 34 - 34 2021

ISSN 0039-906X

Symposium17-2身体活動に関する世界行動計画2018-2030（GAPPA）の紹介と日本での展開について

小熊祐子, 齋藤義信

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 70 ( 1 ) 62 - 62 2021

ISSN 0039-906X

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