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Papers - Oguma, Yuko

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A comparison of physical characteristics in starters and non-starters in a Japanese university rugby football players

Hirata Akihiro, Nakajima Tetsuya, Iwamoto Sayumi, Oguma Yuko, Kotake Naohiko

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 71 ( 6 ) 523 - 530 2022.12

ISSN 0039906X

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of starters and non-starters with respect to the anthropometric and physical fitness in a Japanese university rugby team. Our sample pool consisted of 54 players of the K University rugby team, who were registered for the official games (all 7 games/year) in 2018 and 2019. The starter group (26 players) comprised of players with more than 3 games/year while the non-starter group (28 players) comprised of players that registered for official games but played less than 3 games. Anthropometric parameters, such as height, body mass, skinfold (8 items), girth (5 items), body composition, muscular strength, intermittent endurance, and sprint time, were assessed. We found that the starter group for forwards had lower skinfold (Biceps, Iliac crest, Supraspinale, Abdominal, Front thigh, and Medial calf) and percentage body fat than in the non-starter group. The starter group for backs had muscle strength of narrow chinning is higher than in the non-starter group. Finally, our study helped to clarify the physical factors that influence the difference in athletic performance between starters and non-starters in university rugby team. The forward starters had lower percentage body fat and better body composition and backs starters had better narrow chinning. The findings provide information to university rugby players who want to become starters, as well as help the coaching staff understand the factors that need to be strengthened in the players.

Inter-rater reliability of streetscape audits using online observations: Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes (MAPS) Global in Japan

Saito Y., Oguma Y., Inoue S., Breugelmans R., Kikuchi H., Oka K., Okada S., Takeda N., Cain K.L., Sallis J.F.

Preventive Medicine Reports, 102043 (Preventive Medicine Reports) 30 102043 2022.12

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 2211-3355

This study aimed to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of streetscape audits among online observations using the Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes-Global version (MAPS-Global) in Japan. MAPS-Global observations were conducted on routes with distances ranging from 400 to 725 m from a residence toward a non-residential destination. Google Street View audits were independently conducted by two trained raters on each route. A tiered scoring system was applied to summarize the items at multiple levels of aggregation. Positive and negative valence scores were created based on the expected association with physical activity. Inter-rater reliability analyses were performed using kappa statistics or intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Of the 32 older adults participating in an intervention study in the community-wide physical activity promotion project in Fujisawa City, 19 addresses were used, excluding those with nearby addresses. Results demonstrated “excellent” agreement for most of the summary scores analyzed (kappa or ICC values of 0.75 or higher [80.4 %]), while 6.5 % of items exhibited “good” agreement (ICC = 0.60–0.74). By contrast, only 13.0 % of the scales had ICC values lower than 0.60 (“fair” or “poor” reliability). The results illustrated high reliability for the grand summary scores and composite subscale measures. However, caution should be exercised when interpreting subscale scores for less frequently observed negative attributes and aesthetic/social characteristics. The results presented in this study support the application of online observations using MAPS-Global in urban areas of Japan, which could be implemented to inform decisions related not only to physical activity but also to traffic safety.

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Identification of dietary patterns and their relationship with physical performance in adults of 85 years of age and older -A cross sectional study from The Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health study-

Yu Tao, Oguma Yuko, Asakura Keiko, Takayama Michiyo, Abe Yukiko, Arai Yasumichi

Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Geriatrics (The Japan Geriatrics Society) 59 ( 4 ) 507 - 517 2022.10

ISSN 0300-9173

Aim: While the proportion of people of ≥85 years of age is expected to increase, there is limited research on the dietary patterns and physical performance of this population in Japan. The purpose of this study was to identify the dietary patterns of people of ≥85 years of age who live in Tokyo and to examine the relationship with their physical performance. Methods: Using data from the baseline survey (conducted in 2008-2009) of The Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health study, the estimated 58 food intake items were aggregated into 33 items after energy adjustment, and a principal component analysis was performed. For physical performance, the results of grip strength, chair standing test, and 3 m timed up and go test conducted at normal walking speed were used. A multiple regression analysis was used to adjust for confounders and to examine the relationship between each dietary pattern and physical performance. Results: The subjects of the analysis were 87.3 (86.2-88.8) years of age (median [25-75th percentile] ). From the principal component analysis, three dietary patterns were identified: “various vegetable foods”, “fish and mushrooms”, and “cooked rice and miso soup”. A higher propensity for the “fish and mushrooms” dietary pattern was significantly associated with grip strength (partial regression coefficient, B (95% confidence interval): 0.48 (0.13-0.83) ). Conclusions: In a population of people of ≥85 years of age in Tokyo, a positive association was observed between hand grip strength and a dietary pattern characterized by fish and mushroom intake.

健康づくりのための身体活動指針の認知・知識・信念・行動意図の現状と身体活動・座位行動の関連

田島敬之, 原田和弘, 小熊祐子, 澤田亨

日本公衆衛生雑誌 (日本公衆衛生学会) 69 ( 10 ) 790 - 804 2022.10

ISSN 0546-1766

目的本研究では,アクティブガイドの認知・知識・信念・行動意図の現状と,身体活動・座位行動,個人属性との関連を明らかにする。方法オンライン調査会社に登録する20〜69歳のモニター7,000人を対象に,横断的調査を実施した。アクティブガイドの認知は,純粋想起法と助成想起法により,知識は「1日の推奨活動時間(18〜64歳/65歳以上)」と「今から増やすべき身体活動時間(プラス・テン)」を数値回答で調査した。信念と行動意図はアクティブガイドに対応する形で新たに尺度を作成し,信念の合計得点と行動意図を有する者の割合を算出した。身体活動は多目的コホート研究(JPHC study)の身体活動質問票から中高強度身体活動量を,特定健診・保健指導の標準的な質問票から活動レベルを算出した。座位行動は国際標準化身体活動質問表(IPAQ)日本語版を使用した。記述的要約を実施した後,従属変数を認知・知識・信念・行動意図のそれぞれの項目,独立変数を身体活動量,座位行動,個人属性(性別,年代,BMI,配偶者の有無,教育歴,仕事の有無,世帯収入)とし,ロジスティック回帰分析でこれらの関連を検討した。結果アクティブガイドの認知率は純粋想起法で1.7%,助成想起法で5.3〜13.4%であった。知識の正答率は,「1日の推奨活動時間(18〜64歳)」で37.2%,「1日の身体活動時間(65歳以上)」で7.0%,「プラス・テン」で24.8%,3項目すべて正答で2.6%だった。信念の中央値(四分位範囲)は21(16〜25)点であった(32点満点)。行動意図を有する者は,「1日の推奨活動量」で51.4%,「プラス・テン」で66.9%だった。ロジスティック回帰分析の結果,認知・知識・信念・行動意図は中高強度身体活動量や活動レベルでいずれも正の関連が観察された一方で,座位行動では一貫した関連は観察されなかった。個人属性は,評価項目によって異なるが,主に年代や教育歴,仕事の有無,世帯年収との関連を認めた。結論本研究より,アクティブガイドの認知や知識を有する者は未だ少ない現状が明らかとなった。さらにアクティブガイドの認知・知識・信念・行動意図を有する者は身体活動量が多いことが明らかとなったが,座位行動は一貫した関連が観察されず,この点はさらなる調査が必要である。さらに,今後は経時的な定点調査も求められる。(著者抄録)

Current status of awareness, knowledge, beliefs, and behavioral intentions regarding the Japanese physical activity guidelines and their relationship with physical activity and sedentary behavior

TAJIMA Takayuki, HARADA Kazuhiro, OGUMA Yuko, SAWADA Susumu S.

Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi(JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH) (Japanese Society of Public Health) advpub ( 0 ) 790 - 804 2022.06

ISSN 0546-1766

Objective　This study clarified the current status of awareness, knowledge, beliefs, and behavioral intentions regarding the Japanese physical activity guidelines (Active Guide) and their relationship with physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the participants’ characteristics.Methods　A cross-sectional study was conducted with 7,000 participants aged 20-69 years registered with an online survey company. Awareness, knowledge, beliefs, and behavioral intentions regarding the Active Guide were examined. Awareness was assessed by unprompted and prompted recall. Knowledge was assessed by numerical responses to “the recommended daily activity time (18-64 years/65 years and older)” and “physical activity time to be increased (plus-ten),” respectively. To survey the beliefs and behavioral intentions, we created a 5-point scale for the Active Guide. For physical activity, the amount of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity was calculated from the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective Study (JPHC study) questionnaire. Physical activity level was calculated from the standard specific medical checkup and health guidance questionnaire. For sedentary behavior, the Japanese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. The dependent variables were awareness, knowledge, beliefs, and behavioral intentions. The independent variables were physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the participants’ characteristics (gender, age, body mass index, marital status, educational background, work status, and household income). After descriptive statistics were measured, a logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the associations.Results　Unprompted and prompted recall of the Active Guide were 1.7% and 5.3-13.4%, respectively. Those with knowledge of it scored 37.2%, 7.0%, 24.8%, and 2.6% for recommended daily activity time (18-64 years), daily physical activity time (65 years and older), plus-ten, and all three items answered correctly, respectively. The median (interquartile range) score of the beliefs was 21 (16-25) points (32-point scale). Those with behavioral intentions scored 51.4% for “recommended daily activity” and 66.9% for “plus-ten.” Logistic regression analysis showed that awareness, knowledge, beliefs, and behavioral intentions were positively associated with moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity and level. The results were inconsistent for sedentary behavior. Although personal characteristics differed based on assessment item, they were mainly associated with age, education level, employment, and household income.Conclusions　This study revealed that the number of people who had awareness and knowledge of the Active Guide remained low. Those with awareness, knowledge, beliefs, and behavioral intentions were more physically active. However, the results for sedentary behavior were not consistent. Hence, further research is required to understand this tendency. A future longitudinal study is also required.

“Must Read Papers 20” in physical activity and exercise epidemiology (2009–2018)

Matsushita Munehiro, Kamada Masamitsu, Sasai Hiroyuki, Harada Kazuhiro, Momma Haruki, Inoue Shigeru, Nakata Yoshio, Oguma Yuko

Research in Exercise Epidemiology (Japanese Association of Exercise Epidemiology) 24 ( 1 ) 19 - 33 2022.06

ISSN 13475827

Objective: In 2009, “Must Read Papers 20 in Physical Activity and Exercise Epidemiology” was published in the journal, Research in Exercise Epidemiology. In the past decade, physical activity measurement, design, and analytical methods have been developed in the field of physical activity and exercise epidemiology; thus, research topics have evolved. Consequently, we selected “Must Read Papers 20 in Physical Activity and Exercise Epidemiology” among papers published after 2009 to provide useful information to researchers involved in this field.Methods: This study was conducted as a research project approved by the Japanese Association of Exercise Epidemiology (JAEE) and titled as “Must Read Papers 20 in Physical Activity and Exercise Epidemiology 2nd edition”. First, we extracted candidate papers that were recommended by JAEE members and the current project team. Next, the project team members prespecified the selection criteria and finally selected 20 papers through discussion.Results: We identified 39 candidate papers and selected 20 of them. Guidelines were excluded and the selected 20 papers included 12 observation studies, 5 intervention studies, 2 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and 1 quasi-experimental study. Of them, 6 papers were from Japan.Conclusion: We selected “Must Read Papers 20 in Physical Activity and Exercise Epidemiology: 2009–2018.”Methodologies and research themes in this field will continue to evolve in future; therefore, it is desirable to select and introduce important papers periodically.

The impact pathways of environmental, social, and behavioural factors on healthy ageing for urban dwellers aged 85+: Longitudinal study of the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health (TOOTH)

Yoshida N, Arai Y, Takayama M, Abe Y, Oguma Y

SSM - Population Health (SSM - Population Health) 18 101089 2022.06

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 2352-8273

In the context of global population ageing and concentration in cities, the population aged 80 and over (80+) is growing rapidly. Japan has the fastest ageing population and longest healthy average life expectancy, while health decline becomes pronounced and care needs increase in the 85+ age group post the ‘average life expectancy’. The healthy ageing of older urban community dwellers is a pressing issue in world initiatives for sustainable urbanisation. However, for the 85+ age group, less is known about how promoting/inhibiting factors and their pathways influence healthy ageing, and related longitudinal studies remain insufficient. Using data from a longitudinal cohort study conducted from 2008–2009 to 2014–2015 among independent dwellers aged 85+ in central Tokyo (men = 203, women = 232), this study analysed the impact pathways of environmental, social, and behavioural factors on health and survival to explore promoters and potential risks on healthy ageing by gender, with multi-group structural equation modelling (SEM) and Bayesian SEM. For both genders, there was a positive chained pathway starting from friends as facilitators through positive interactions between 'social participation’ and 'active behaviour' to 'ageing-related health'. Additionally, their personal networks were small, suggesting that men with family-centred networks and women with non-family-centred networks require different approaches and supports. Implications of the results are discussed, and an organised social watch and support system, which becomes more important in the ‘new normal’ for urban dwellers aged 85+, is recommended.

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Awareness of Active Guide, physical activity, and health literacy: a nationwide, cross-sectional Internet survey

HARADA Kazuhiro, TAJIMA Takayuki, OGUMA Yuko, SAWADA Susumu

Japanese Journal of Health Education and Promotion (JAPANESE SOCIETY OF HEALTH EDUCATION AND PROMOTION) 30 ( 2 ) 103 - 114 2022.05

Accepted, ISSN 13402560

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether 1) health literacy is associated with the awareness of the Japanese physical activity guidelines (Active Guide) and 2) health literacy moderates the association between awareness of Active Guide and physical activity.Methods: A nationwide, cross-sectional Internet survey of 7,000 Japanese adults was conducted. The survey items included those related to the awareness of Active Guide, two physical activity variables (amounts of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sufficient level of physical activity), health literacy, and demographic factors.Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed significant correlation between health literacy and the awareness of Active Guide. Furthermore, logistic and multiple regression analyses showed that the interaction term of health literacy with awareness of Active Guide was negatively and significantly correlated with physical activity variables. Further stratified analysis indicated that while awareness of Active Guide was significantly and positively correlated with physical activity among groups with low and high health literacy, regression coefficients for the low health literacy group were greater than those for the high health literacy group.Conclusion: The results implied that individuals with higher health literacy were more likely to be aware of Active Guide and that the positive association between the awareness of Active Guide and physical activity was stronger among those with lower health literacy than those with higher health literacy.

アクティブガイドの認知、身体活動およびヘルスリテラシー　横断デザインによる全国インターネット調査データより

原田和弘, 田島敬之, 小熊祐子, 澤田亨

日本健康教育学会誌 ((一社)日本健康教育学会) 30 ( 2 ) 103 - 114 2022.05

ISSN 1340-2560

目的:本研究では,ヘルスリテラシーがアクティブガイドの認知と関連しているかどうかと,ヘルスリテラシーの程度によって,アクティブガイドの認知と身体活動との関連性が異なるかどうかを検証した.方法:この横断研究では,社会調査会社の全国の調査モニター7,000名にインターネットによる質問紙調査を行い,アクティブガイドの認知,身体活動(中強度以上の身体活動量,身体活動レベル),ヘルスリテラシー,および基本属性の関連性を評価した.結果:アクティブガイドの認知を従属変数としたロジスティック回帰分析の結果,ヘルスリテラシー得点が有意に正の関連をしていた.身体活動の両指標を従属変数とした重回帰分析とロジスティック回帰分析の結果,アクティブガイドの認知とヘルスリテラシーとの交互作用項が有意に負の関連をしていた.ヘルスリテラシーの程度で層化した分析を行った結果,ヘルスリテラシー低群でもヘルスリテラシー高群でも,アクティブガイドの認知は身体活動の両指標と有意に正の関連をしていた.ただし,偏回帰係数やオッズ比は,ヘルスリテラシー高群よりもヘルスリテラシー低群のほうが大きかった.結論:本研究により,ヘルスリテラシーが高い人々のほうがアクティブガイドを認知している傾向にあること,および,ヘルスリテラシーが低い人々においてアクティブガイドの認知と身体活動との正の関連性が顕著な傾向にあることが明らかとなった.(著者抄録)

Symposium21-2 1964年東京オリンピック以降の身体活動・スポーツ政策の変遷

小熊祐子

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 71 ( 1 ) 97 - 97 2022

ISSN 0039-906X

Symposium20-1身体活動推進政策の認知度と政策展開

種田行男, 小熊祐子

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 71 ( 1 ) 91 - 91 2022

ISSN 0039-906X

Symposium20-3身体活動ガイドラインの認知・知識に関する評価法の課題と今後の展開

田島敬之, 小熊祐子, 齋藤義信, 澤田亨, 原田和弘

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 71 ( 1 ) 93 - 93 2022

ISSN 0039-906X

Symposium2-4慢性疾患有病者に対する身体活動基準レビュー班の取り組み

小熊祐子, 佐藤真治, 田村好史, 宮下政司, 齋藤義信, 田島敬之, 津下一代, 原藤健吾, 横山美帆

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 71 ( 1 ) 17 - 17 2022

ISSN 0039-906X

Symposium20-5アクティブガイドを活用した地域全体への多面的介入：藤沢市における取り組み

齋藤義信, 小熊祐子, 田島敬之, 伊藤智也

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) 71 ( 1 ) 95 - 95 2022

ISSN 0039-906X

a Review on the Current Situation and Future Perspectives of the Studies on the Relationship Between Transportation and Health in Japan

G Hayauchi, R Ariyoshi, Y Saito, Y Oguma, S Nakamura, F Nakamura

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. D3 (Infrastructure … (Japan Society of Civil Engineers) 77 ( 5 ) I_583 - I_593 2022

ISSN 2185-6540

Physical activities associated with mobility are assumed to have a reciprocal relationship with the health condition. With the social momentum, including the extension of healthy life expectancy, health would be an essential element in future transportation planning. In this study, we summarize the existing studies on the relationship between mobility and health in Japan from the viewpoint of health-related indicators, mobility-related indicators, and their combinations. We clarified that both mobility- and health-related indicators could be divided into those commonly adopted by multiple studies and those independently adopted. In addition, while indicators related to awareness and intentions and manifest mobility and health status may be necessary, there are issues in applying standardized measurement methods.

Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Subjectively Measured Physical Activity in Japanese Individuals 85 Years and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study

T Yu, Y Oguma, K Asakura, M Takayama, Y Abe, Y Arai

Nutrients 14 (14), 2924 (Nutrients) 14 ( 14 ) 2022

High-quality diets and regular physical activity (PA) are considered healthy behaviors (HBs). HBs are associated with many health outcomes and are expected to improve quality of life. Although implementing HBs is important, the relationship between dietary patterns (DPs) and PA has not been well investigated, especially among those aged ≥ 85. This study used data from the Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health study to examine the relationship between DPs and PA in a cross-sectional study. The dietary survey used the brief self-administered diet history questionnaire to estimate the intake of 58 foods. After energy adjustment, principal component analysis was performed to identify major DPs. A validated questionnaire was used to evaluate PA, and linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between DPs and PA, considering confounders. A total of 519 participants were included. Three major DPs ('Various plant foods', 'Fish and mushrooms', 'Cooked rice and miso soup') were identified. 'Various plant foods' was similar to DPs previously named 'Healthy' or 'Prudent', and its trend was positively associated with higher PA. This study observed the implementation of HBs even among those aged ≥ 85, suggesting that a trend toward a healthier diet is associated with higher PA.

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Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are associated with each other and reduced IGF1 levels are a risk for both diseases in the very old elderly

R Hata, K Miyamoto, Y Abe, T Sasaki, Y Oguma, T Tajima, Y Arai, ...

Bone, 116570 (Bone) 166 116570 - 116570 2022

ISSN 8756-3282

It is mandatory to manage musculoskeletal disorders in the elderly to prevent their becoming bed-ridden or requiring long-term care. However, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia in otherwise healthy people over 85 years old is not completely known. Here we enrolled 1026 healthy subjects between 85 and 89 years old and evaluated them for the presence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia and fragility fracture(s), and how those conditions were related. We also evaluated biomarkers such as serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and vitamin D status. The prevalence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia or fragility fracture(s) in these subjects was 22.4, 10.2 or 15.0 %, respectively. Serum IGF1 and 25(OH)D were significantly and negatively correlated with osteoporosis or sarcopenia. Osteoporosis and either sarcopenia or fragility fracture(s) were significantly related and shown to be risk factors for each other, even after adjustment for gender and BMI, while sarcopenia and fragility fracture(s) were not associated. Our data may provide a health platform for the very elderly and suggest strategies to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in this population.

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Ice slurry ingestion improves physical performance during high-intensity intermittent exercise in a hot environment

A Morito, T Inami, A Hirata, S Yamada, M Shimomasuda, M Haramoto, ...

PloS one 17 (9), e0274584 (PLoS ONE) 17 ( 9 ) e0274584 2022

ISSN 1932-6203

Ice slurry ingestion enhances exercise performance by lowering the core body temperature. However, an operational issue related to this ingestion is the requirement for a high intake of 7.5 g·kg-1 to produce the desired effects. We investigated the effects of the intake of low amounts of ice slurry at -2°C on the tympanic temperature and exercise performance during repeated high-intensity intermittent exercises in a hot environment. This study was a randomized, crossover study, with a 6-day washout period. Twelve university rugby union players performed two 30-min sessions of high-intensity intermittent exercises separated by a 15-min half-time break on a cycle ergometer in a hot environment (28.8°C ± 0.1°C, 49.5% ± 0.6% relative humidity). The participants ingested 450 g of -2°C-ice slurry (ICE), or a 30°C-beverage (CON) having the same composition as ICE, or 30°C-water (WAT) during the half-time break. The tympanic temperature and skin temperature were measured as the physiological data, and the peak power and mean power as the exercise performance data. The tympanic temperature at the half-time break and beginning of the 2nd session was significantly lower in the ICE group as compared with the CON and WAT groups. The skin temperature at the half-time break was significantly lower in the ICE group as compared with the WAT group. While the peak power and mean power during the 2nd session were significantly greater in the ICE group as compared with the CON and WAT groups. Our findings suggest that even the intake of lower amounts, as compared with those used in previous studies, of low-temperature ice slurry can reduce the body temperature and improve the peak power. These results suggest that intake of low-temperature ice slurry as a strategy for internal body cooling is useful for improving endurance exercise performance in hot environments.

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Monitoring of Post-Brain Injuries By Measuring Plasma Levels of Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

N Hotta, T Tadokoro, J Henry, D Koga, K Kawata, H Ishida, Y Oguma, ...

Biomarker Insights 17, 11772719221128145 (Biomarker Insights) 17 11772719221128145 - 117727192211281 2022

ISSN 1177-2719

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EV) released from neurons into the blood can reflect the state of nervous tissue. Measurement of neuron derived EV (NDE) may serve as an indicator of brain injury. Methods: A sandwich immunoassay was established to measure plasma NDE using anti-neuron CD171 and anti-EV CD9 ([CD171 + CD9+]). Plasma samples were obtained from commercial sources, cross-country (n = 9), football (n = 22), soccer (n = 19), and rugby (n = 18) athletes over time. Plasma was also collected from patients undergoing total aortic arch replacement (TAR) with selective cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass before and after surgery (n = 36). Results: The specificity, linearity, and reproducibility of NDE assay (measurement of [CD171 + CD9+]) were confirmed. By scanning electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking, spherical vesicles ranging in size from 150 to 300 nm were confirmed. Plasma levels of NDE were widely spread over 2 to 3 logs in different individuals with a significant age-dependent decrease. However, NDE were very stable in each individual within a ± 50% change over time (cross-country, football, soccer), whereas rugby players were more variable over 4 years. In patients undergoing TAR, NDE increased rapidly in days post-surgery and were significantly (P =.0004) higher in those developing postoperative delirium (POD) (n = 13) than non-delirium patients (n = 23). Conclusions: The blood test to determine plasma levels of NDE was established by a sandwich immunoassay using 2 antibodies against neuron (CD171) and exosomes (CD9). NDE levels varied widely in different individuals and decreased with age, indicating that NDE levels should be considered as a normalizer of NDE biomarker studies. However, NDE levels were stable over time in each individual, and increased rapidly after TAR with greater increases associated with patients developing POD. This assay may serve as a surrogate for evaluating and monitoring brain injuries.

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加速度計で調査した地域在住高齢者の身体活動：川崎市における高齢者の暮らし方と健康に関する学術調査

小熊祐子, 新井康通

運動疫学 (Japanese Association of Exercise Epidemiology) - ( 1 ) 50 - 51 2022

Accepted, ISSN 13475827

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