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Papers - Oguma, Yuko

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Safe engagement in physical activity through pre-exercise risk assessment: an observational study at a single facility over 16 years

A Hirata, Y Takao, T Seto, S Kurose, Y Saito, S Sato, S Tsuzuku, Y Oguma

Frontiers in Public Health 13, 1563385 13 1563385 2025

Background: Regular and appropriate physical activity has health benefits; however, to ensure safety, a pre-exercise medical check based on health information is important. In this study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between risk classification by physicians at a health promotion facility in Japan and the occurrence of adverse events during facility use. Methods: We evaluated 3,571 individuals, excluding those with an unknown sex, age, medical assessment of exercise limitations, and facility usage status. Based on the results of the medical checkups conducted by a physician, the participants were divided into an exercise-prohibited group and an exercise-permitted group (exercise-permitted group, subdivided into non-restricted, orthopedic-restricted, internal medical-restricted, and combined-restricted groups). The risk of adverse events was examined. Results: The group in which exercise was prohibited comprised 72 participants, and that in which exercise was permitted comprised 1935, 612, 456, and 496 participants in the non-restricted, orthopedic-restricted, internal medical-restricted, and combined-restricted groups, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the four subgroups of the exercise-permitted group, and the odds ratios for adverse events adjusted for individual attributes were 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59–1.84; p = 0.89], 0.97 (95% CI, 0.53–1.78; p = 0.93), and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.42–1.54; p = 0.51) for the orthopedic-restricted, internal medical-restricted, and combined-restricted groups, respectively. A power analysis revealed that the study had a high level of power (0.99), based on a Cox–Snell R2 of 0.05 and a sample size of 3,499, indicating sufficient sensitivity to detect differences between groups. Conclusion: No significant difference in the odds of adverse events was found regardless of the presence or absence of exercise restrictions. Therefore, despite exercise-related risks, pre-exercise screening can help ensure that exercise is performed as safely as it is by individuals without such risks. However, further discussion is required regarding the necessity of screening for all exercise participants.

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Association between near functional visual acuity and physical function in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study: Keio university global research Institute …

T Manabe, Y Oguma, K Tabira, M Sugimoto, K Negishi, K Yagasaki

BMC geriatrics 25 (1), 405 2025

A 12-Month Digital Peer-Supported App Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Follow-Up Study of a Nonrandomized Controlled Trial

K Tabira, Y Oguma, S Yoshihara, M Shibuya, M Nakamura, N Doihara, ...

JMIR aging 8 (1), e66610 8 e66610 2025

Background: Mobile apps and peer support are known to effectively promote physical activity in older adults, which, in turn, improves physical function. Previously, we investigated the feasibility and impact of using digital peer-supported apps (DPSAs) to increase physical activity among older adults over a 3-month period. However, the long-term feasibility and impact on sustainable behavior change remain unknown. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the 12-month feasibility of the DPSA and to obtain preliminary estimates of its effects on physical activity and physical function among older Japanese adults. Methods: This nonrandomized controlled trial recruited older adults aged 65 years or older from 2 physical activity programs. Participants chose either the intervention (app program + exercise instruction) group or the control (exercise instruction only) group. Only those participants who had completed the 3-month intervention and wished to continue in the 12-month follow-up intervention study were included. DPSA feasibility was assessed using retention and adherence rates. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometers, capturing daily step count, light-intensity activity, moderate to vigorous intensity activity, and sedentary behavior. Physical function was evaluated using grip strength and the 30-second chair stand test (CS-30). Accelerometer measurements were collected every 3 months over 12 months (5 time points, including baseline), whereas physical function was measured at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. Results: The follow-up study included 44 of 66 participants from the 3-month intervention study, with 26 participants in the intervention group and 18 participants in the control group. The 12-month retention rate for participants in the DPSA intervention group was 73% (19/26), whereas the retention rate among all 41 participants, including those who chose not to participate in the follow-up study, was 46% (19/41). The adherence rate was 85.9%. The average number of steps per day (95% CI) in the intervention group changed before and after DPSA use (P=.048). We observed an increase of 1736 (β=1736, 95% CI 232-3241) steps per day compared with baseline. No significant change was observed in the control group. There were significant within-group differences in CS-30 scores for both intervention (P<.001) and control (P=.03) groups over the 12-month period. Specifically, there was a significant change in CS-30 scores (95% CI) between the baseline and 12-month assessments for the intervention (β=6.5, 95% CI 3.8-9.1; P<.001) and control (β=3.8, 95% CI 0.6-7.1; P=.02) groups. Conclusions: Participants with long-term DPSA use observed increases in average daily steps and CS-30 scores before and after DPSA use, although only a limited number of older adults had long-term access to the DPSA. Identifying ways to expand long-term DPSA use among older adults is necessary. Additionally, randomized controlled trials should be conducted to determine the long-term effects of DPSAs on physical activity and function in older adults.

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20 (2A) Unlocking asymptomatic subconcussive brain injury: blood biomarkers of oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes in athletes

M Mitsuhashi, A Hirata, Y Oguma, H Ishida, K Kawata

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 11 (Suppl 3) 2025

Sustainable Management for Senior Citizens’ Club: Insights from 15 Years of Experience at Club K

Doihara Natsue, Oguma Yuko

Applied Gerontology (Society for Applied Gerontology - Japan) 19 ( 1 ) 40 - 60 2025

ISSN 18826245

This study aimed to clarify the challenges and strategies for sustainable operation by analyzing the management of the K Club, a senior citizens’ club in Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture, which doubled its membership between 2015 and 2023, achieving both revitalization and sustainability. The research focused on the club’s operations from 2009 to 2023 and employed a mixed-method approach. Data were collected through interviews with members, archival research, and participant observation. Qualitative data underwent reflexive thematic analysis, while quantitative data were assessed using descriptive statistics. The study identified four key strategies for sustainable operation:（1）Adaptive leadership,（2）Next-Generation Succession-Based Management,（3）Flexible organizational management, and（4）Community co-creation and empathy platform. While upholding independent perspectives, these strategies are closely interrelated and contribute together to the organization’s revitalization and sustainability. Furthermore, these strategies not only facilitate the sustainable operation of senior citizens’ clubs but also significantly promote social participation among older adults and foster regional revitalization.

Association between changes in implementation of group exercise and incidence of frailty among Japanese non-frail older adults: 2018 and 2020 surveys including the COVID-19 pandemic

Tabira Kento, Saito Yoshinobu, Tajima Takayuki, Imamura Haruhiko, Manabe Tomoki, Oguma Yuko

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine) advpub ( 0 ) 39 - 49 2025

ISSN 21868131

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has hampered group exercise. We aimed to determine the relationship between group-exercise implementation status in 2018 and 2020 and the incidence of frailty in 2020, including the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults in Japan. This longitudinal study included older adults belonging to senior clubs, divided into four groups based on the continuity of group-exercise participation. Frailty was assessed using the Kihon Checklist, in which total scores of ≥8 points indicated frailty status. The relationship between group-exercise implementation status and the incidence of frailty was evaluated using Poisson regression with robust variance. Exercise time at the individual level in each group was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Overall, 1,241 participants were included, in which 249 individuals (20.1%) developed frailty. Compared to older adults who continued group exercise, those who discontinued group exercise (adjusted relative risk: 1.70, 95% confidence interval: 1.26–2.30) were more likely to become frail. Regarding the median exercise time (interquartile range), older adults who discontinued group exercise showed a significant decrease, from 25.7 (12.9–51.7) min/day to 17.1 (6.4–30.0) min/day; but those who started group exercise showed a significant increase from 19.3 (6.4–41.4) min/day to 20.0 (6.4–47.6) min/day. Group exercise implementation status in 2018 and 2020 was associated with incidence of frailty in 2020, including the COVID-19 pandemic. It was concluded that supporting group exercise is important for the prevention of frailty, even under social restrictions owing to infectious diseases.

Safe engagement in physical

A Hirata, Y Takao, T Seto, S Kurose, Y Saito, S Sato, S Tsuzuku, Y Oguma

2025

S08-3: Goals and realities in local governments' involvement in PA promotion for diverse populations subgroups-a comparative analysis of municipalities from 5 countrie (vol 34 …

P Sandu, P Gelius, S Messing, A Noel-Racine, Y Oguma, T Onatsu, ...

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 35 (5), 1067-1067 2025

Level and sociodemographic correlates of maximum acceptable physical activity increase among Japanese adults

K Harada, T Tajima, Y Saito, N Takeda, Y Oguma

Global Health Promotion, 17579759251370984 17579759251370984 2025

ISSN 17579759

Background: Goal setting is an important step in planning physical activity promotion strategies. Based on the dose–response relationships between physical activity and health and the goal-setting theory, setting higher goals without exceeding people’s acceptance is desirable. Understanding maximum acceptance of physical activity increases is helpful for enabling such goal setting. Nonetheless, the level of maximum acceptance of physical activity increase and its sociodemographic differences remain unclear. This study examined the level and sociodemographic correlates of maximum acceptable physical activity increase among Japanese adults. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with 2259 Japanese adults aged 20–64 years. Based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior model, the acceptable time for increasing physical activity in a day was examined from three perspectives: capabilities, opportunities and motivations. For motivation, two definitions were employed: definition I regarded unchanged motivation as acceptable, and definition II regarded it as unacceptable. The maximum acceptable physical activity increase was identified by combining the responses of these subcomponents. This study measured sociodemographic factors such as gender, age, current marital status, current working status, educational background, annual household income and current physical activity duration. Results: The means (95% confidence intervals) and standard deviations of maximum acceptable physical activity increase were 17.0 (16.3–17.7) and 16.9 min per day in definition I and 9.0 (8.4–9.6) and 13.9 min per day in definition II. Across both definitions, multiple regression analyses showed that younger age, greater levels of annual household income and longer current physical activity duration were significantly associated with longer maximum acceptable physical activity increases. Conclusions: From the findings, an increase in physical activity of approximately 10–15 min per day might be an important option in goal setting, and setting higher goals would be feasible for younger adults, adults with higher household incomes, and physically active adults.

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Differences In Conditioning Support By Team Size: Internet-based Survey Targeting Japanese Junior Rugby Players

R Mizushima, Y Oguma, C Ota, S Nakajima, Y Yoshizawa, J Wan, ...

MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE 57 (10 S), 345-345 57 ( 10S ) 345 - 345 2025

ISSN 0195-9131

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Associations Between Socioeconomic Factors and Regular Exercise in Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

T Manabe, T Yamashita, Y Saito, Y Oguma

Journal of Physical Activity and Health 1 (aop), 1-8 23 ( 4 ) 1 - 8 2025

ISSN 1543-3080

Background: Physical inactivity is a high-priority public health issue because of its negative impact on quality of life and well-being. Although socioeconomic factors (SEF) are known to influence physical activity, few studies have explored their association with regular exercise (RE). This gap highlights the need for further research on the associations between SEF and RE. Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2022 Sasakawa Sports Foundation National Sports-life Survey conducted in June and July 2022. The dependent variable was RE, and the independent variables were SEF (education, income, and occupation). A modified Poisson regression analysis was performed. Results: The data of 2318 participants (53% male) with a mean (SD) age of 51 (16) years were analyzed. Those with higher education, higher income, and certain types of occupations were more likely to engage in RE. Subgroup analysis revealed differences in the associations with age, sex, and city size. Conclusions: This study showed that individuals with higher SEF, such as education and income, generally had higher levels of RE. However, part-time worker or nonworker individuals were more likely to be engaged in RE than employees. Each SEF may be differently associated with RE; and therefore, public health interventions should be tailored to specific subgroups defined by SEF to promote RE and reduce health inequalities.

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Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on blood pressure in community-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal study of combined training practitioners in a health promotion facility

Saito Y, Tanaka A, Hirata A, Oguma Y

Japanese Journal of Clinical Sports Medicine (Japanese Society of Clinical Sports Medicine) 33 ( 2 ) 257 - 266 2025

Accepted, ISSN 13464159

(Purpose) The study aim was to examine the longitudinal association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and blood pressure in older adults practicing combined exercise training at a health promotion facility. (Methods) Medical checkup data were obtained from 585 individuals (244 men and 341 women) who practiced combined exercise training at Fujisawa City Health and Medical Center at two or more of five time points from 2017 to 2021. A linear mixed-effects model was used for the statistical analysis to estimate the change in blood pressure on CRF (peak oxygen uptake) at each time point. The adjusted variables were age, obesity status, smoking status, and the use of antihypertensive medications. (Results) The most common number of medical examinations was two (42.6% of men and 51.6% of women). An analysis using linear mixed-effects models showed that an increase in CRF was associated with a decrease in systolic blood pressure. No significant association was observed for diastolic blood pressure. Regarding pulse pressure, an increase in CRF of 1mL/kg/min was associated with a decrease in pulse pressure of 0.27mmHg in men and 0.45mmHg in women. (Conclusions) In community-dwelling older adults, an increase in CRF reduced systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure.

Differences In Conditioning Support By Team Size: Internet-based Survey Targeting Japanese Junior Rugby Players: 1117

R Mizushima, Y Oguma, C Ota, S Nakajima, Y Yoshizawa, J Wan, ...

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 57 (10S), 345-345 2025

Are National Physical Activity Guidelines Being Utilised in Local Government Policies?–A Survey on Awareness and Use of the Physical Activity Guidelines in Japan

N Takeda, Y Oguma, Y Saito, T Tajima, K Harada

Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 5 (Supplement), 41-41 2025

Cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index on metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Japanese adults under national health guidance: a cross-sectional study

X Zhai, SS Sawada, S Kurosawa, S Koriyama, SA Dimitroff, S Sato, ...

BMC public health 24 (1), 2050 24 ( 1 ) 2050 - 2050 2024.12

Objectives: Poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and high body mass index (BMI) increased the risk of developing metabolic Syndrome (MetS) mostly in Caucasians. However, the sex-specific combined association of CRF and BMI on MetS considering health-related behaviors has yet to be thoroughly examined in Japanese. This study aims to investigate the sex-specific independent and combined associations of CRF and BMI with MetS in middle-aged Japanese adults. Methods: 421 participants were included in this cross-sectional study. CRF was estimated using a submaximal cycle ergometer. CRF and BMI were respectively divided into three categories according to tertile distribution. MetS was diagnosed based on five risk factors: waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate independent and combined association of CRF and BMI with MetS. Results: Results showed that 154 (57.5%) and 70 (45.8%) of men and women had MetS, respectively. Compared to men with lower CRF or higher BMI, men with middle and higher CRF or middle and lower BMI were less likely to have MetS. Compared with ‘unfit and higher BMI’ group, ‘unfit and lower BMI’, ‘fit and higher BMI’, and ‘fit and lower BMI’ groups in men showed statistically significant decreased prevalences of MetS. However, no significant associations were found in women. Conclusions: This study found significant independent and combined associations of CRF and BMI with MetS only in men, but not in women. However, prospective studies are warranted to confirm sex-specific associations of CRF and BMI with MetS.

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Sustainability of community-based practical research toward extending healthy life expectancy

HARADA Kazuhiro, UEMURA Kazuki, SAITO Yoshinobu, NEMOTO Yuta, OGUMA Yuko

Japanese Journal of Health Education and Promotion (JAPANESE SOCIETY OF HEALTH EDUCATION AND PROMOTION) 32 ( 4 ) 330 - 334 2024.11

ISSN 13402560

Older adults hope to promote good health and extend their longevity, which will contribute to a better-aging society. The 32nd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Health Education and Promotion held a symposium titled “Sustainability of Community-based Practical Research toward Extending Healthy Life Expectancy.” The aim of this symposium was to introduce several studies conducted in community-based practical settings to examine efforts for promoting health and extending longevity among older adults. After a brief introduction by the chairperson, three speakers (Dr. Uemura, Dr. Saito, and Dr. Harada) presented their own researches. Dr. Uemura proposed that health education through active learning (e.g., in-class group work, out-of-class homework and practice) could promote health behavior change and prevent frailty among older adults. Dr. Saito presented a multi-strategic community-wide intervention (e.g., distributing information, providing educational lectures and classes, supporting exercise communities) implemented in collaborations with a local municipal office, university, and local healthcare foundation that could elevate physical activity levels among adults of all ages, including older adults, in a community. Dr. Harada showed that a university-led event-based community program could increase neighborhood social networks; further, an increase in social networks could have a desirable influence on mental well-being among older adults. As the designated speaker, Dr. Oguma referred to the importance of a systems approach for the sustainability of community-based practical research.

Objective Measures of Physical Activity and Frailty in Ambulatory Adults Aged 85–89 Years in Kawasaki, Japan: A Cross-sectional Study

Tajima T., Oguma Y., Saito Y., Abe Y., Lee I.M., Arai Y.

Journal of Frailty and Aging 13 ( 4 ) 413 - 420 2024.11

ISSN 22601341

Background: While physical activity (PA) can reduce physical frailty, the specific intensity and duration of PA required to prevent frailty are yet to be defined. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between objectively measured PA or sedentary behavior (SB) and physical frailty and to explore the theoretical effect of replacing SB with different intensities of PA on the risk of frailty. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Community-based assessments. Participants: Independently living adults aged 85–89 years participating in the Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project. Measurements: PA was measured using a triaxial accelerometer for a minimum of 10 h per day over a minimum of 3 days. Physical frailty was measured using the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Physical frailty was classified as non-frail, pre-frail, and frail. The relationship between PA and frailty was assessed using analysis of covariance. The effect of replacing SB with light-intensity PA (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) on the risk of frailty was estimated using multinomial logistic regression and an isotemporal substitution model. Results: The analysis included 1004 participants (503 men and 501 women) of whom 242 were classified as frail. The mean step count, MVPA, and LPA were lower, and SB was higher in the frail group than in the non-frail group. SB replacement with MVPA for 10 min/day was associated with a significantly lower odds of frailty (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: pre-frail men, 0.86 [0.77, 0.96]; frail men, 0.70 [0.60, 0.83]; pre-frail women, 0.77 [0.66, 0.90], frail women, 0.59 [0.47, 0.75]). SB replacement with LPA was not significantly associated with frailty odds in men or women. Conclusions: Replacing 10 min of SB with MVPA was associated with lower risk of frailty in adults aged 85–89 years. These findings require confirmation in longitudinal and intervention studies.

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Impact of Housing Conditions on Physical Fitness Changes in College Rugby Players during Team Training Interruptions: A retrospective longitudinal study

HIRATA Akihiro, HOSHINO Yuki, KOHTAKE Naohiko, OGUMA Yuko

Japanese Journal of Athletic Training (Japanese Society for Athletic Training) 10 ( 1 ) 1 - 10 2024.10

ISSN 24326623

The global outbreak of novel coronavirus infection in the winter of 2020 led to city lockdowns and curfews in many parts of the world, forcing university athletes to suspend training. De-training negatively affects athletic performance. In school sports, temporary closures due to infectious diseases often occur yearly. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the differences in the changes in various physical fitness factors between two different residential environments during the suspension of team activities. The observation period was 7 months, from March to September 2020. The baseline period was defined as the period before the voluntary suspension of team activities (March), the de-training period was the timeframe of suspension of team activities (April-May), and the follow-up period was defined as the period after the resumption of team practice (June-September). The study participants included 17 dormitory students and 14 home-schooled students in a university rugby team. The dormitories were equipped with training equipment and space for minimal training. The team staff provided a training program for both dormitory and non-dormitory students, which could be followed at home during periods when team practices were suspended. This study showed sig-nificant differences between dormitory and home-schooled students in the maximum lifting weight measurement of narrow chinning at baseline and after de-training. Other physical fitness factors did not differ significantly between groups or measurement periods. Although this study sample size was small and sufficient power could not be obtained, home weight training could maintain a certain level of maximum muscle strength as in the present study, suggesting that preparation for back exercises that can be performed at home is essential for the back muscles.

The Achievement of the SDGs through Physical Activity and Sports

OGUMA Yuko

Environmental Information Science (Center for Environmental Information Science) 53 ( 3 ) 29 - 33 2024.10

ISSN 03896633

身体活動促進と SDGs 達成を関連づけたシステムズアプローチの重要性について論じた。慶應スポーツ SDGs センターでは，スポーツを通じた地球と人々のウェルビーイング共存を目指す活動が進行中である。世界保健機関の「身体活動に関する世界行動計画 2018?2030（GAPPA）」を基に，身体活動の促進が健康，経済，社会，環境へ多様な効果をもたらすとされる。日本国内では「健康日本 21（第三次）」や地域介入事例「ふじさわプラス・テン」などが推進され，身体的・精神的・社会的健康を統合的に改善する。これらの取り組みが，持続可能な社会の構築に向けて貢献することが期待される。

Efficacy of exercise with the hybrid assistive limb lumbar type on physical function in mobility-limited older adults: A 5-week randomized controlled trial

Y Saito, S Nakamura, T Kasukawa, M Nagasawa, Y Oguma, H Narimatsu

Experimental gerontology 195, 112536 195 112536 - 112536 2024.10

Accepted, ISSN 05315565

Background: Sarcopenia and frailty often worsen in older adults because of declines in activities of daily living and social connections that are associated with chronic diseases and traumatic injuries such as falls and fractures. Exercise intervention for sarcopenia can take >3 months to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and walking speed. Thus, a specialized intervention system for shorter periods of time is needed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of an exercise program using the wearable cyborg Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) lumbar type in physical function in mobility-limited older adults who do not require transition to long-term care. Methods: This randomized, single-blind, parallel-group study involved 79 community-dwelling older adults with physical frailty or locomotive syndrome assigned to an intervention group (n = 40) with the HAL lumbar type exercise program or a control group (n = 39) without the exercise program. The intervention group underwent trunk training (including trunk and hip flexion, standing and sitting from a single sitting position, and squats) and gait training (treadmill and parallel bars) twice a week for 5 weeks while wearing the HAL lumbar type. The 10-m usual and maximum walking speeds, Timed Up and Go test results, 5-times chair-standing test results, 5-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-5) scores, body-fat percentage, and muscle mass were measured before and after the intervention and analyzed using the intention-to-treat method. Results: The intervention (23 % male; mean age, 74.7 ± 4.7 years) and control (21 % male; mean age, 75.1 ± 4.1 years) groups did not differ significantly in baseline characteristics. Seventy-seven participants completed the program; two withdrew for personal reasons. The mean difference (standard error) between the groups for the primary outcome (usual walking speed) was 0.35 (0.04) m/s; the time-by-group interaction was significant (p < 0.001). Secondary outcomes (maximum walking speed, Timed Up and Go test results, 5-times chair-standing test results, and GLFS-5 scores) significantly improved in the intervention group. Body composition was unchanged in both groups. Conclusions: A 5-week exercise program using the HAL lumbar type is a promising option for community-dwelling older adults with limited mobility who do not require nursing care, resulting in clinically meaningful improvements in most physical functions within a short period.

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