研究者詳細 - 小熊　祐子

論文 - 小熊　祐子

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Association between physical activity and quality of life in Japanese adults aged 85 to 89 years: a cross-sectional study

Muramatsu Y., Oguma Y., Abe Y., Hara A., Urushihara H., Arai Y.

BMC Geriatrics 25 （ 1 ） 216 2025年12月

Background: Associations between physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QOL) have usually been studied in people in their 60s and 70s, however little is known about these associations in older age groups. We aimed to examine the association between PA and QOL in Japanese adults aged 85–89 years and investigate the types of exercises/sports in this population. Methods: This cross-sectional study (n = 914) used baseline data from the Kawasaki Aging and Well-being Project (KAWP), a longitudinal cohort study of older adults aged 85–89 years. Health-related QOL and psychological well-being were assessed using the EuroQoL 5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L) and the WHO Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), respectively. PA was objectively and subjectively measured using a triaxial accelerometer and modified Zutphen Physical Activity Questionnaire, respectively. Associations were analyzed using multivariable regression analysis. Results: Higher PA was significantly associated with a higher EQ-5D-5L index score (coefficient, 0.004; 95%CI [0.001, 0.008], standardized coefficient, 0.142). In contrast, no association was observed between PA and the WHO-5 total score (coefficient, 0.103; 95%CI [-0.066, 0.271], standardized coefficient, 0.068). Calisthenics were the most commonly performed sports or exercises (27.4% of male and 47.6% of female participants). The subgroup of participants with > median PA had a longer walking duration than their counterparts, and the following sports/exercises were more frequently performed in addition to calisthenics; resistance training and others among male participants: stretching/yoga among female participants. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PA is associated with a better health-related QOL. However, no association was observed between PA and psychological well-being in this population. We found that calisthenics were the most commonly performed and that more physically active older adults performed several types of exercises/sports in addition to calisthenics and walking for longer durations. Since few studies have investigated the types of exercises/sports in this age group, these findings would be helpful for interventions to maintain PA and QOL in this age group. Trial registration: UMIN000026053.

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Association between near functional visual acuity and physical function in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study: Keio university global research Institute baseline survey

Manabe T., Oguma Y., Tabira K., Sugimoto M., Negishi K., Yagasaki K.

BMC Geriatrics 25 （ 1 ） 405 2025年12月

Background: As the Japanese population continues to age, functional decline with aging will inevitably become more pronounced. Vision loss and decline in lifestyle and motor functions are the main causes of functional decline. To date, a few studies have examined the relationship between visual and overall physical function. Therefore, this study aimed to quantitatively investigate the relationship between loss of visual acuity and the decline of physical functionality. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the data of 86 community-dwelling older adults (average age ± standard deviation, 75.7 ± 5.5 years; 34 men) who participated in the October 2020–May 2022 baseline survey. Visual function was assessed based on the measurement of binocular near functional visual acuity (NFVA) using the Smart Vision Check application. Physical function tests were performed by measuring grip strength, 30-second chair stand (CS-30), Timed Up and Go (TUG), with eyes open, one-leg standing balance (OLSB), and two-step test. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the association between NFVA and physical function, and partial regression coefficient (β) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated. Results: After adjusting for all covariates, NFVA was significantly associated with grip strength (β: 3.54, 95%CI: 0.39, 6.70). Meanwhile, no association was noted between NFVA and CS-30 (β: -0.35, 95%CI: -2.68, 1.97), TUG (β: -0.23, 95%CI: -0.65, 0.19), OLSB (β: 6.13, 95%CI: -5.09, 17.35), and two-step test (β: 0.01, 95%CI: -0.05, 0.08). Conclusions: The study showed an association between quantitatively assessed visual and physical functions in community-dwelling older adults living in Japan. Thus, the findings indicate that maintaining and enhancing grip strength and visual function in older adults may be an important factor in leading a healthy and fulfilling life. Trial registration: Registration number, UMIN000041970.

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地域在住高齢者の全身持久力と血圧との関連　健康増進施設における複合的トレーニング実践者を対象とした縦断研究

齋藤義信, 田中あゆみ, 平田昂大, 小熊祐子

日本臨床スポーツ医学会誌（(一社)日本臨床スポーツ医学会） 33 （ 2 ） 257 - 266 2025年04月

ISSN 1346-4159

(目的)健康増進施設で複合的トレーニングを実践する高齢者の全身持久力と血圧との関連を縦断的に検討すること.(方法)対象は,藤沢市保健医療センターで複合的トレーニングを実践する高齢者585人(男性244人:平均年齢71.0(標準偏差6.8)歳,女性341人:67.8(7.3)歳)であった.2017年から2021年の5時点のうち,2時点以上取得可能であったメディカルチェックデータを用いた.統計解析は線形混合効果モデルを用い,1時点あたりの血圧値の変化を推定した.収縮期血圧,拡張期血圧,脈圧を従属変数,全身持久力(最高酸素摂取量)を独立変数,年齢,肥満有無,喫煙有無を調整変数としたモデル1,モデル1に降圧剤服用有無を加えたモデル2による分析を性別に実施した.(結果)取得したメディカルチェックの回数は,2回が最も多かった(男性42.6%,女性51.6%).最高酸素摂取量の増加が収縮期血圧の低下に影響することが示された(モデル1:男女,モデル2:女性のみ),拡張期血圧では関連を認めなかった.脈圧では両モデルにおいて男女ともに有意な関連が認められ,モデル2においては,最高酸素摂取量が1mL/kg/min増加することによって男性0.27mmHg,女性0.45mmHgの脈圧低下が認められた.(結語)地域在住高齢者において,全身持久力の増加が収縮期血圧と脈圧の低下に影響することが示された.(著者抄録)

身体活動指針の提示が日本人成人の知識・信念・意図・行動の変容に及ぼす影響：無作為化比較試験

田島敬之, 原田和弘, 齋藤義信, 武田典子, 小熊祐子

日本予防理学療法学会学術大会プログラム・抄録集（日本予防理学療法学会） 3.Suppl.No.1 （ 0 ） 25 - 25 2025年03月

【背景】国民の身体活動実践を支援するツールとして，厚生労働省が2013年に策定した「健康づくりのための身体活動指針(アクティブガイド)」(現指針)があり，現在は新指針へ改訂作業中である．これらの指針の認知し，理解することは，身体活動の信念や行動意図を介して身体活動の促進に寄与できる可能性がある．ただしこの仮説は横断的検討に留まり，因果関係が明確でない．本研究では，指針の提示が知識，信念，行動意図，身体活動量に及ぼす影響を検証した．【方法】社会調査会社の登録モニターを無作為抽出し，適格基準(20歳～64歳の男女，現指針の認知がなく身体活動制限のない者)を満たす1333名を対象とした．介入前(T1)調査では，指針の知識，身体活動の信念，行動意図，身体活動量，ヘルスリテラシー，個人属性をオンライン上で調査した．その後，現指針提示群，新指針案提示群(厚労科研研究班案)，食事バランスガイド提示群(対照群)に無作為割付し，提示資料の熟読を求めた．介入直後(T2)と1週間後(T3)調査では，知識，信念，行動意図をオンライン上で再調査し，T3時点は身体活動量も調査した．統計解析は，知識，信念，行動意図，身体活動量をアウトカムとし，提示群，時点，提示群×時点の交互作用項，ならびに調整変数に個人属性を投入した線形混合モデルを実施した．さらに指針の提示が知識の変容を媒介して，信念，行動意図，身体活動量の変容に影響を及ぼすか共分散構造分析で検討した．【結果】現指針提示群は対照群よりT2時点の知識と行動意図， T3時点の知識と余暇身体活動時間が有意に高かった．加えて知識の変容は，信念，行動意図，身体活動の変容をもたらしたが，知識，信念の変容に及ぼす影響は，ヘルスリテラシーが低い群で顕著であった．一方，新指針案提示群は対照群よりT2時点の知識が有意に高かったが，知識の変容と信念，行動意図，身体活動の変容との関係は明確でなかった．【結論】現指針の提示は，知識，信念，行動意図の変容を介して身体活動の促進に寄与できる可能性がある．ただしヘルスリテラシーが知識，信念の変容に修飾作用を及ぼす可能性があり，指針を活用した身体活動介入ではこの点に留意が必要かもしれない．一方で新指針案の提示は，介入直後の知識の向上に寄与するに留まった．本研究で用いた新指針案は最終版ではないため，さらなる改良を経て行動変容の促進に寄与できる指針となることが期待される．【倫理的配慮】本研究は，神戸大学大学院人間発達環境学研究科倫理審査委員会の承認を得て実施した (承認番号：709)．インターネットによるアンケート調査の最初のページ (Web 画面)で，本研究の説明した画面を提示し，内容を十分理解した上で研究参加に同意が得られる場合のみ，次ページ以降のアンケート画面に進むよう教示した．

What policies do local governments use to promote physical activity? A comparative analysis of municipalities from 4 EU countries and Japan

S Messing, AN Racine, N Takeda, T Onatsu, K Tuunanen, A Papiu, ...

International journal of health policy and management 14 （ 1 ） 8594 2025年

Background: As public policies have the potential to change the entire system of physical activity (PA) promotion and to create conducive environments, they are particularly relevant to address the persistently low levels of PA across the world. Furthermore, World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) Global Action Plan on Physical Activity highlights the relevance of local governments as important partners for policy action. However, our knowledge on how local PA promotion policy compares across countries remains limited. Methods: We conducted an exploratory study as part of the LoGoPAS project to compare the status quo of local PA policies across five municipalities in five different countries. Using purposive sampling, Jyväskylä (Finland), Nice (France), Erlangen (Germany), Fujisawa (Japan), and Cluj-Napoca (Romania) were selected. Data were collected and analysed via desk research and expert consultation using the CAPLA-Santé, a validated tool designed to assess relevant aspects of local PA promotion policies. Results: The analysis showed that the main responsibility for PA promotion varied between municipalities, resting either with the sport or the health sector. A total of 50 relevant PA policy documents were identified, focusing on multiple settings and target groups. Budgets for PA promotion differed across municipalities. Research on PA was reported to have informed policy development in some but not all cases. Across countries, political support was identified as a key driver of local PA promotion. Conclusion: LoGoPAS is the first study to apply the CAPLA-Santé outside of France and the first to use it for an international comparative analysis. Results highlight the ability of the tool to provide insights into local PA policy development, contents, and implementation worldwide. While this study provided a cross-sectional in-depth analysis of the status quo in select municipalities, future research could also aim to assess policies at a large scale, ie, for multiple municipalities and/or on a regular basis.

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Assessment of adverse events and near-misses during voluntary sports by Japanese middle-aged and older adults: 14-month prospective study

A Hirata, Y Oguma, T Hashimoto

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 14 (2), 33-41 （一般社団法人日本体力医学会） 14 （ 2 ） 33 - 41 2025年

ISSN 21868131

This study aimed to prospectively record the occurrence of adverse events and near-misses during sports in middle-aged and older adults who voluntarily engaged in sports in the community and to clarify the frequency and characteristics of such events. Participants were comprised of 14 groups (14 sports) of middle-aged and older adults who voluntarily played sports in Sakae Ward, Yokohama. The follow-up period was 14 months (November 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023). Representatives of the target groups reported once a month to Sakae Ward via postcards regarding the status of their activities and the occurrence of adverse events and near-misses. The survey items included the age of the main participants in each group, number of activities during the month, duration of each activity, number of participants per activity, adverse events, and near-misses during sports. During the 14-month observation, eight adverse events and two near-misses were reported in the 14 groups, mainly comprising middle-aged and older adults. Of the eight adverse events, four were falls, all occurring in those aged ≥70 years and triggered by environmental problems. In this study, there were only two near-misses compared to eight adverse events, suggesting that the participants may have been unaware of near-misses. Therefore, even for sports played by groups of residents, it is important to identify risks by assessing health conditions prior to exercise and to implement initiatives to foster safety awareness among participants, such as hazard prediction training.

Safe engagement in physical activity through pre-exercise risk assessment: an observational study at a single facility over 16 years

Hirata A., Takao Y., Seto T., Kurose S., Saito Y., Sato S., Tsuzuku S., Oguma Y.

Frontiers in Public Health 13 1563385 2025年

Background: Regular and appropriate physical activity has health benefits; however, to ensure safety, a pre-exercise medical check based on health information is important. In this study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between risk classification by physicians at a health promotion facility in Japan and the occurrence of adverse events during facility use. Methods: We evaluated 3,571 individuals, excluding those with an unknown sex, age, medical assessment of exercise limitations, and facility usage status. Based on the results of the medical checkups conducted by a physician, the participants were divided into an exercise-prohibited group and an exercise-permitted group (exercise-permitted group, subdivided into non-restricted, orthopedic-restricted, internal medical-restricted, and combined-restricted groups). The risk of adverse events was examined. Results: The group in which exercise was prohibited comprised 72 participants, and that in which exercise was permitted comprised 1935, 612, 456, and 496 participants in the non-restricted, orthopedic-restricted, internal medical-restricted, and combined-restricted groups, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the four subgroups of the exercise-permitted group, and the odds ratios for adverse events adjusted for individual attributes were 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59–1.84; p = 0.89], 0.97 (95% CI, 0.53–1.78; p = 0.93), and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.42–1.54; p = 0.51) for the orthopedic-restricted, internal medical-restricted, and combined-restricted groups, respectively. A power analysis revealed that the study had a high level of power (0.99), based on a Cox–Snell R2 of 0.05 and a sample size of 3,499, indicating sufficient sensitivity to detect differences between groups. Conclusion: No significant difference in the odds of adverse events was found regardless of the presence or absence of exercise restrictions. Therefore, despite exercise-related risks, pre-exercise screening can help ensure that exercise is performed as safely as it is by individuals without such risks. However, further discussion is required regarding the necessity of screening for all exercise participants.

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Association between near functional visual acuity and physical function in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study: Keio university global research Institute …

T Manabe, Y Oguma, K Tabira, M Sugimoto, K Negishi, K Yagasaki

BMC geriatrics 25 (1), 405 2025年

A 12-Month Digital Peer-Supported App Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Follow-Up Study of a Nonrandomized Controlled Trial

Tabira K., Oguma Y., Yoshihara S., Shibuya M., Nakamura M., Doihara N., Hirata A., Manabe T., Yamashita T.

Jmir Aging 8 e66610 2025年

Background: Mobile apps and peer support are known to effectively promote physical activity in older adults, which, in turn, improves physical function. Previously, we investigated the feasibility and impact of using digital peer-supported apps (DPSAs) to increase physical activity among older adults over a 3-month period. However, the long-term feasibility and impact on sustainable behavior change remain unknown. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the 12-month feasibility of the DPSA and to obtain preliminary estimates of its effects on physical activity and physical function among older Japanese adults. Methods: This nonrandomized controlled trial recruited older adults aged 65 years or older from 2 physical activity programs. Participants chose either the intervention (app program + exercise instruction) group or the control (exercise instruction only) group. Only those participants who had completed the 3-month intervention and wished to continue in the 12-month follow-up intervention study were included. DPSA feasibility was assessed using retention and adherence rates. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometers, capturing daily step count, light-intensity activity, moderate to vigorous intensity activity, and sedentary behavior. Physical function was evaluated using grip strength and the 30-second chair stand test (CS-30). Accelerometer measurements were collected every 3 months over 12 months (5 time points, including baseline), whereas physical function was measured at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. Results: The follow-up study included 44 of 66 participants from the 3-month intervention study, with 26 participants in the intervention group and 18 participants in the control group. The 12-month retention rate for participants in the DPSA intervention group was 73% (19/26), whereas the retention rate among all 41 participants, including those who chose not to participate in the follow-up study, was 46% (19/41). The adherence rate was 85.9%. The average number of steps per day (95% CI) in the intervention group changed before and after DPSA use (P=.048). We observed an increase of 1736 (β=1736, 95% CI 232-3241) steps per day compared with baseline. No significant change was observed in the control group. There were significant within-group differences in CS-30 scores for both intervention (P<.001) and control (P=.03) groups over the 12-month period. Specifically, there was a significant change in CS-30 scores (95% CI) between the baseline and 12-month assessments for the intervention (β=6.5, 95% CI 3.8-9.1; P<.001) and control (β=3.8, 95% CI 0.6-7.1; P=.02) groups. Conclusions: Participants with long-term DPSA use observed increases in average daily steps and CS-30 scores before and after DPSA use, although only a limited number of older adults had long-term access to the DPSA. Identifying ways to expand long-term DPSA use among older adults is necessary. Additionally, randomized controlled trials should be conducted to determine the long-term effects of DPSAs on physical activity and function in older adults.

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20 (2A) Unlocking asymptomatic subconcussive brain injury: blood biomarkers of oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes in athletes

M Mitsuhashi, A Hirata, Y Oguma, H Ishida, K Kawata

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 11 (Suppl 3) 2025年

老人クラブの持続的運営に関する研究－K会の15年の経験を通して

土井原奈津江, 小熊祐子

応用老年学（一般社団法人日本応用老年学会） 19 （ 1 ） 40 - 60 2025年

ISSN 18826245

本研究は，2015年を転換点として2023年までに会員数を2倍に増加させ，活性化と持続的運営を実現した神奈川県藤沢市の老人クラブ「K会」を対象に，2009年から2023年までの運営を分析し，持続的運営の課題と方策を明らかにすることを目的とした．調査は，会員へのインタビュー，ドキュメント整理，参与観察を通じて実施し，定性データを再帰的テーマティック分析，定量データを記述統計の手法で分析した．持続的運営の方策として，（1）適応型リーダーシップ，（2）次世代につなぐ運営，（3）適応型組織運営，（4）地域共創共感プラットフォームの4つが挙げられる．これらはそれぞれ独立した視点を持ちながらも相互に密接に関連し，組織全体の活性化と持続可能性に寄与している．また，これらの方策は，老人クラブの持続的運営を可能にすると同時に，高齢者の社会参加や地域の活性化にも大きく貢献する．

Cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index on metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Japanese adults under national health guidance: a cross-sectional study

Zhai X., Sawada S.S., Kurosawa S., Koriyama S., Dimitroff S.A., Sato S., Oguma Y., Nakata Y., Maruo K., Miyachi M., Gando Y., Oka K., Lee D.C.

BMC Public Health 24 （ 1 ） 2050 - 2050 2024年12月

Objectives: Poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and high body mass index (BMI) increased the risk of developing metabolic Syndrome (MetS) mostly in Caucasians. However, the sex-specific combined association of CRF and BMI on MetS considering health-related behaviors has yet to be thoroughly examined in Japanese. This study aims to investigate the sex-specific independent and combined associations of CRF and BMI with MetS in middle-aged Japanese adults. Methods: 421 participants were included in this cross-sectional study. CRF was estimated using a submaximal cycle ergometer. CRF and BMI were respectively divided into three categories according to tertile distribution. MetS was diagnosed based on five risk factors: waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate independent and combined association of CRF and BMI with MetS. Results: Results showed that 154 (57.5%) and 70 (45.8%) of men and women had MetS, respectively. Compared to men with lower CRF or higher BMI, men with middle and higher CRF or middle and lower BMI were less likely to have MetS. Compared with ‘unfit and higher BMI’ group, ‘unfit and lower BMI’, ‘fit and higher BMI’, and ‘fit and lower BMI’ groups in men showed statistically significant decreased prevalences of MetS. However, no significant associations were found in women. Conclusions: This study found significant independent and combined associations of CRF and BMI with MetS only in men, but not in women. However, prospective studies are warranted to confirm sex-specific associations of CRF and BMI with MetS.

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健康寿命延伸に貢献するサステナブルな地域実践研究

原田和弘, 上村一貴, 齋藤義信, 根本裕太, 小熊祐子

日本健康教育学会誌（日本健康教育学会） 32 （ 4 ） 330 - 334 2024年11月

ISSN 13402560

健康長寿は，多くの高齢者が共通に抱く願いであろう．健康長寿を実現する高齢者が増えることは，明るく豊かな高齢社会づくりに直結する．そこで第32回日本健康教育学会学術大会では，この願いの成就を後押しする方法論の確立を目指した地域実践研究の一端を紹介するシンポジウム「健康寿命延伸に貢献するサステナブルな地域実践研究」を行った．座長の趣旨説明の後，3名の演者（上村，齋藤，原田）から，自身が取り組んでいる地域実践研究について話題提供した．具体的には，上村は，教室内での課題提示・グループワークと，教室外での宿題・実践を軸としたアクティブラーニング型健康教育を構築し，この健康教育により，高齢者の健康行動の促進やフレイルの抑制を導くことが可能であることなどを紹介した．齋藤は，市役所・大学・市保健医療財団が主体となり，市民への情報提供，講座や教室等の開催，運動コミュニティの形成支援などを行う多面的介入によって，高齢者を含む市民全体の身体活動量の向上を導けることなどを紹介した．原田は，大学の資源を活用した地域行事の開催によって，地域の社会的ネットワークを高められるとともに，地域の社会的ネットワークの向上は高齢者の心身の健康へ好影響をもたらすことなどを紹介した．その後，指定発言者（小熊）が，地域実践研究のサステナビリティ（持続性）におけるシステムズアプローチの重要性について言及した．

Objective Measures of Physical Activity and Frailty in Ambulatory Adults Aged 85–89 Years in Kawasaki, Japan: A Cross-sectional Study

Tajima T., Oguma Y., Saito Y., Abe Y., Lee I.M., Arai Y.

Journal of Frailty and Aging 13 （ 4 ） 413 - 420 2024年11月

ISSN 22601341

Background: While physical activity (PA) can reduce physical frailty, the specific intensity and duration of PA required to prevent frailty are yet to be defined. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between objectively measured PA or sedentary behavior (SB) and physical frailty and to explore the theoretical effect of replacing SB with different intensities of PA on the risk of frailty. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Community-based assessments. Participants: Independently living adults aged 85–89 years participating in the Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project. Measurements: PA was measured using a triaxial accelerometer for a minimum of 10 h per day over a minimum of 3 days. Physical frailty was measured using the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Physical frailty was classified as non-frail, pre-frail, and frail. The relationship between PA and frailty was assessed using analysis of covariance. The effect of replacing SB with light-intensity PA (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) on the risk of frailty was estimated using multinomial logistic regression and an isotemporal substitution model. Results: The analysis included 1004 participants (503 men and 501 women) of whom 242 were classified as frail. The mean step count, MVPA, and LPA were lower, and SB was higher in the frail group than in the non-frail group. SB replacement with MVPA for 10 min/day was associated with a significantly lower odds of frailty (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: pre-frail men, 0.86 [0.77, 0.96]; frail men, 0.70 [0.60, 0.83]; pre-frail women, 0.77 [0.66, 0.90], frail women, 0.59 [0.47, 0.75]). SB replacement with LPA was not significantly associated with frailty odds in men or women. Conclusions: Replacing 10 min of SB with MVPA was associated with lower risk of frailty in adults aged 85–89 years. These findings require confirmation in longitudinal and intervention studies.

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チーム練習中断期間中の大学ラグビー選手の体力変化に及ぼす居住環境の影響：後ろ向き縦断研究

平田昂大, 星野佑貴, 神武直彦, 小熊祐子

日本アスレティックトレーニング学会誌（一般社団法人日本アスレティックトレーニング学会） 10 （ 1 ） 1 - 10 2024年10月

ISSN 24326623

本研究は新型コロナウイルス感染症によるチーム練習中断期間において，学生寮と実家の異なる居住環境が体⼒要素の変化に及ぼす影響を明らかにすることを目的とした．観察期間は2020年3－9月の7ヶ月で，ベースライン，2ヶ月間のチーム練習中断後，その後の追跡期間の3時点で体力要素を評価した．解析対象は学生寮群17名，実家群14名であった．なお，チーム練習中断期間中は，学生寮にはトレーニングエリアが設置され，両群共にチームスタッフから居住環境で実施可能なトレーニングプログラムの提供があった．その結果，学生寮，実家のどちらの居住環境においても体重，最大筋力，間欠的持久力はチーム練習中断期間で維持されていた．

身体活動・スポーツを通じた SDGs の達成

小熊祐子

環境情報科学（一般社団法人環境情報科学センター） 53 （ 3 ） 29 - 33 2024年10月

ISSN 03896633

身体活動促進と SDGs 達成を関連づけたシステムズアプローチの重要性について論じた。慶應スポーツ SDGs センターでは，スポーツを通じた地球と人々のウェルビーイング共存を目指す活動が進行中である。世界保健機関の「身体活動に関する世界行動計画 2018?2030（GAPPA）」を基に，身体活動の促進が健康，経済，社会，環境へ多様な効果をもたらすとされる。日本国内では「健康日本 21（第三次）」や地域介入事例「ふじさわプラス・テン」などが推進され，身体的・精神的・社会的健康を統合的に改善する。これらの取り組みが，持続可能な社会の構築に向けて貢献することが期待される。

Efficacy of exercise with the hybrid assistive limb lumbar type on physical function in mobility-limited older adults: A 5-week randomized controlled trial

Saito Y., Nakamura S., Kasukawa T., Nagasawa M., Oguma Y., Narimatsu H.

Experimental Gerontology 195 112536 - 112536 2024年10月

ISSN 05315565

Background: Sarcopenia and frailty often worsen in older adults because of declines in activities of daily living and social connections that are associated with chronic diseases and traumatic injuries such as falls and fractures. Exercise intervention for sarcopenia can take >3 months to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and walking speed. Thus, a specialized intervention system for shorter periods of time is needed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of an exercise program using the wearable cyborg Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) lumbar type in physical function in mobility-limited older adults who do not require transition to long-term care. Methods: This randomized, single-blind, parallel-group study involved 79 community-dwelling older adults with physical frailty or locomotive syndrome assigned to an intervention group (n = 40) with the HAL lumbar type exercise program or a control group (n = 39) without the exercise program. The intervention group underwent trunk training (including trunk and hip flexion, standing and sitting from a single sitting position, and squats) and gait training (treadmill and parallel bars) twice a week for 5 weeks while wearing the HAL lumbar type. The 10-m usual and maximum walking speeds, Timed Up and Go test results, 5-times chair-standing test results, 5-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-5) scores, body-fat percentage, and muscle mass were measured before and after the intervention and analyzed using the intention-to-treat method. Results: The intervention (23 % male; mean age, 74.7 ± 4.7 years) and control (21 % male; mean age, 75.1 ± 4.1 years) groups did not differ significantly in baseline characteristics. Seventy-seven participants completed the program; two withdrew for personal reasons. The mean difference (standard error) between the groups for the primary outcome (usual walking speed) was 0.35 (0.04) m/s; the time-by-group interaction was significant (p < 0.001). Secondary outcomes (maximum walking speed, Timed Up and Go test results, 5-times chair-standing test results, and GLFS-5 scores) significantly improved in the intervention group. Body composition was unchanged in both groups. Conclusions: A 5-week exercise program using the HAL lumbar type is a promising option for community-dwelling older adults with limited mobility who do not require nursing care, resulting in clinically meaningful improvements in most physical functions within a short period.

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Goals and realities in local goverments' involvement in PA promotion for diverse populations subgroups - a comparative analysis of municipalities from 5 countries

Sandu, P; Gelius, P; Messing, S; Noel-Racine, A; Oguma, Y; Onatsu, T; Papiu, AP; Saito, Y; Takeda, N; Tuunanen, K; Vuillemin, A; Chereches, RM

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH （Oxford University Press (OUP)） 34 （ Supplement_2 ） 2024年09月

ISSN 1101-1262

Abstract

Although cross-sectoral cooperation is important at all levels, in practice it often remains at a declarative level. Different sectoral policies and the resulting measures to promote HEPA are usually disconnected, uncoordinated and without the necessary synergies. This pertains especially to local environments with less financial and expert support, such as small rural communities, where people have few HEPA options that are suitable and attractive for vulnerable groups: children and adolescents, elderly and people with disabilities.

“Development of indicators for the assessment of the provision of settlements with green spaces for outdoor physical activity” is a research project co-funded by the Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Spatial Planning and implemented at the Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia. The aim of the project is to define indicator(s) for the provision of green spaces for PA and active lifestyles in settlements, which could be used at local level to assess, improve, and monitor the situation. We took a medium-sized city and a small rural community as pilot projects, the latter often being a disadvantaged environment in terms of HEPA in spatial planning compared to larger cities. On the pilots, our objectives have been to establish cooperation at the local level between at least three different sectors and to test methodology and indicators developed in the project to assess the provision of green spaces to promote PA in selected environments, thus enabling more equitable and inclusive spatial conditions for HEPA at the local level.

The presentation will present the approach, results and overall experiences with the work implemented in the pilot project of a rural community. It will highlight the benefits of cross-sectoral cooperation for more effective local level HEPA policies to ensure the inclusive and equitable access to green spaces in settlements.

Funding source

Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency, grant no. V5-2232

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Multiple lines of evidence for disruption of nuclear lamina and nucleoporins in FUS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Okada, K; Ito, D; Morimoto, S; Kato, C; Oguma, Y; Warita, H; Suzuki, N; Aoki, M; Kuramoto, J; Kobayashi, R; Shinozaki, M; Ikawa, M; Nakahara, J; Takahashi, S; Nishimoto, Y; Shibata, S; Okano, H

BRAIN 147 （ 11 ） 3933 - 3948 2024年09月

ISSN 0006-8950

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Epidemiology of adverse events related to sports among community people: a scoping review

Hirata A., Saito Y., Nakamura M., Muramatsu Y., Tabira K., Kikuchi K., Manabe T., Oka K., Sato M., Oguma Y.

BMJ Open 14 （ 6 ） e082984 2024年06月

ISSN 2044-6055

Objectives Numerous reports have described injuries and illnesses in competitive athletes, but studies on leisure-time physical activity and associated adverse events in the general population have not been adequately reviewed. This study aimed to summarise the previous findings on this topic. Design Scoping review. Data sources PubMed and Ichushi-Web for articles in English and Japanese, respectively (13 April 2023). Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Articles on adverse events related to sports performed by € individuals and groups active in the community' were included, whereas those on elite athletes, exercise therapy and rehabilitation, and school sports were excluded. Terms related to physical activity, exercise, sports and adverse events were used for the search strategies. Results The literature search yielded 67 eligible articles. Most articles were from the USA, Japan and Australia. Running, scuba diving, rugby and soccer were the most commonly reported sports. Adults were the most common age category in the samples. The most commonly reported adverse events were injuries; only 10 articles reported diseases. 13 longitudinal studies reported the frequency of adverse events based on the number of events/participants×exposure. Conclusion Adverse events such as sports trauma, disability and certain diseases occur sometimes during sporting activities by residents; however, the articles identified in this review showed biases related to the countries and regions where they were published and the sports disciplines and types of adverse events reported, and articles reporting the frequency of adverse events were also limited. This highlights the need for more high-quality observational studies on diverse populations in the future.

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