研究者詳細 - 梅田　聡

論文 - 梅田　聡

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『自己』の多面性に対する脳研究からのアプローチ

月浦崇, 杉浦元亮, 北田亮, 梅田聡

認知心理学研究（日本認知心理学会） 23 （ 2 ） 181 - 189 2026年02月

ISSN 13487264

ヒトは，過去から現在まで一貫した自己を有しており，周囲の大きな変化によっても自己を失うことなく日々の生活を送ることができる．その一方で，就職や結婚などのさまざまなライフステージの変化では，環境に応じて自己を変容させることで，新たな環境においても適応的に自己を位置づけることができる．本稿では，このような適応的な自己の基盤となる神経メカニズムについて，社会的認知，知覚・運動，記憶，感情の多様な側面の脳研究からのアプローチを紹介し，適応的な自己の多面性の基盤となる脳メカニズムについて議論する．

特集脳とAI-脳科学と人工知能研究の未来内受容感覚に基づく感情の言語化-人工知能・自然言語処理による新展開

鈴木菜穂, 梅田聡, 寺澤悠理

生体の科学（株式会社医学書院） 77 （ 1 ） 46 - 50 2026年02月

ISSN 03709531

Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: Recent advances in task-based EEG

Tripanpitak, K; Wolf, A; Kapitonova, M; Umeda, S; Ball, T; Otake-Matsuura, M

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 110 （ 1 ） 13872877251413700 - 13872877251413700 2026年02月

査読有り, ISSN 1387-2877

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for the majority of dementia-related disorders among aging populations. Given the irreversible nature of AD, early detection of cognitive impairment is critical for improving prognosis and facilitating timely interventions before individuals meet the clinical criteria for AD. Objective: The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of recent advances in task-based electroencephalography (EEG), such as using attention and inhibitory control tasks, which has recently emerged as a promising non-invasive biomarker for assessing neurophysiological alterations associated with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of task-based EEG biomarkers in distinguishing cognitively impaired individuals from those without impairment. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Semantic Scholar, and SpringerLink databases for studies published between 2017 and 2024. Results: Findings indicate consistent neurophysiological alterations in MCI and AD, particularly reductions in event-related potential amplitudes and prolonged latencies, with P3 abnormalities observed in about half of the studies assessing selective attention and inhibitory control. Similarly, a comparable number of studies using working memory tasks report disrupted functional connectivity patterns, increased low-frequency oscillations (delta and theta activity), and reduced fast oscillations (alpha and beta activity). Conclusions: These EEG-based indices demonstrate potential as objective biomarkers for detecting neural alterations associated with cognitive decline in both AD and preclinical dementia stages. Further research is needed to standardize EEG protocols and validate their clinical utility for early diagnosis and disease progression monitoring.

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Effects of rumination and distraction on working memory performance in individuals with depressive tendencies and trait anxiety

Echigo K., Umeda S.

Acta Psychologica 262 106180 - 106180 2026年02月

査読有り, ISSN 00016918

Background: Rumination prolongs depressive mood and impairs executive functioning including working memory and attentional control, even in healthy individuals. Distraction can potentially counteract these effects; however, many experimental paradigms have relied on neutral, self-unrelated content and have failed to reflect the self-focused nature of everyday rumination or the possible benefits of emotionally meaningful distractions. This study investigated the effects of rumination and positive and neutral distractions based on personally relevant content on working memory performance in healthy undergraduate students with varying levels of depressive and anxiety tendencies. Methods: Participants completed an operation-span task at three time points: baseline, immediately after rumination induction, and immediately after distraction induction. The induction phases involved participants reflecting on self-relevant negative events (rumination) or self-relevant positive/neutral events (distractions). Results: Working memory performance significantly improved only among participants with higher depressive tendencies and trait anxiety after engaging in brief, self-relevant positive thinking, compared with performance after rumination induction. This suggests that emotionally meaningful distraction temporarily facilitates recovery of executive functioning by releasing cognitive resources previously consumed by ruminative processing. Limitations: This study included healthy undergraduate students. Further research should determine whether similar effects are observed in populations with clinical depression. Conclusions: Self-relevant positive distractions may enhance executive functioning, particularly in individuals vulnerable to rumination such as those with depressive tendencies or trait anxiety. These results provide insight into low-intensity content-based strategies for cognitive recovery after negative thought engagement and have potential applications in preventive interventions for subclinical emotional dysregulation.

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Hierarchical Brain Dynamics Associated with Remission from Major Depression Across Diverse Therapeutic Modalities.

Shinagawa K, Hirano J, Kobayashi Y, Nakagawa A, Umeda S, Kamiya K, Terasawa Y, Matsumoto J, Noda T, Kyuragi Y, Suwa T, Kodaka F, Nakagome K, Murai T, Mimura M, Uchida H, Katayama N

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging 2026年01月

査読有り, ISSN 2451-9022

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder marked by disrupted brain dynamics. However, the neural mechanisms underlying remission remain poorly understood, particularly regarding common neural markers across diverse therapeutic interventions. Emerging evidence suggests that temporal brain dynamics and their hierarchical organization, referred to as Metastates, serve as sensitive markers of individual variability across cognitive functions. This study evaluated whether Metastate dynamics derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) differ according to remission status across pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and neuromodulation. METHODS: This multicenter observational study included 370 participants: 229 individuals with depression and 141 healthy controls. The depression cohort comprised individuals undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy (n=92), pharmacotherapy (n=59), electroconvulsive therapy (n=50), and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (n=28). Resting-state functional MRI data were analyzed to derive Metastate dynamics, and comparisons were made according to remission status across treatment modalities. RESULTS: Two distinct Metastates were identified: one associated with higher-order cognitive brain regions, and another linked to sensory and motor systems. Participants who achieved remission exhibited greater predictability in transitions between brain states within Metastates, supporting higher-order cognitive functions. This altered transition pattern was accompanied by alterations in the anti-correlation between the default mode and executive function networks, which may underlie the increased predictability. CONCLUSIONS: Remission from MDD may involve a reorganization of hierarchical brain dynamics-particularly in systems supporting cognitive control-and offer a potential treatment-modality-independent biomarker of remission.

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Heartbeat evoked potentials reflect interoceptive awareness during an emotional situation

Tanaka Y., Ito Y., Shibata M., Terasawa Y., Umeda S.

Scientific Reports 15 （ 1 ） 8072 - 8072 2025年12月

査読有り, ISSN 2045-2322

Interoception, the ability to perceive internal bodily signals, involves various mental processes. This study investigated moments when individuals experienced a change in their interoceptive state. Interoception affects the subjective feelings of emotions. However, whether changes in interoceptive processing occur when visceral changes are perceived as interoceptive sensations remains unclear. This study examined the psychophysiological markers of perceptual changes in the interoceptive state using heartbeat evoked potentials (HEP). Emotional photos were viewed by participants who were asked whether they experienced changes in their interoceptive state. The results showed that the HEP amplitude increased when participants had subjective awareness of changes in their interoceptive state. Notably, the HEP amplitude did not correlate with individual differences in interoceptive accuracy measured by the heartbeat counting task. When individuals perceive changes in their interoceptive state, this perception is reflected in the HEP amplitude. Multiple aspects of interoception are related to the emotional recognition and conscious attention to changing bodily states.

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How the heart shapes the mind: The role of cardiac interoception in the interaction between bodily reactions and self-related thoughts

Sakuragi M., Umeda S.

Acta Psychologica 261 105931 - 105931 2025年11月

査読有り, ISSN 00016918

Our thoughts often drift away from the tasks at hand. Various factors influence this phenomenon, including changes in the external environment, individual cognitive characteristics, and fluctuations in bodily reactions. This study investigated the relationship between fluctuations in cardiac activity and thought state transitions, focusing on individual differences such as cardiac interoception. First, the heartbeat counting task was conducted as an index of interoceptive accuracy. Participants then completed an auditory attention task with simultaneous electrocardiogram monitoring, during which they periodically reported on their thoughts. We estimated trial-by-trial thought states in a data-driven manner and examined the interplay among the current thought state, cardiac activity, and individual cardiac interoceptive accuracy. The results revealed that for individuals with high cardiac interoceptive accuracy, the persistence of self-related thought states was associated with concurrent heart rate acceleration. Furthermore, participants with higher depressive tendencies and interoceptive accuracy exhibited an increased likelihood of transitioning to self-related states when experiencing decreased heart rate during task-focused states. These findings suggest that interoception plays a dynamic role in shaping consciousness; the accurate detection of physiological arousal co-occurring with a specific thought might amplify that thought's salience, thereby influencing its persistence. This study provides new insights into the cognitive and physiological mechanisms underlying the dynamics of spontaneous thought.

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【最新の脳科学が導く疼痛診療の新時代】慢性一次性疼痛の脳科学　疼痛再処理療法(PRT)と感情認識表出療法(EAET)につなげて

眞島裕樹, 梅田聡

ペインクリニック（(株)シービーアール） 46 （ 11 ） 1183 - 1194 2025年11月

ISSN 0388-4171

急性痛が島皮質や背側前帯状皮質を中核とするセイリエンスネットワークとの関連が強い一方で,慢性一次性疼痛では,情動・感情に関連する部位の活性化が目立つ.予測処理/符号化モデルに則れば,恐怖と紐づいた痛み体験は,トップダウンの予測の重みづけを高め,実際の感覚入力とは不釣り合いに強い痛みの知覚をもたらす.疼痛再処理療法は,痛みに対する恐怖を,脳由来の無害な感覚であるという認識に変えることで高い鎮痛効果を示す.抑圧・抑制された感情の認識と表出を促す感情認識表出療法も,認知行動療法より高い鎮痛効果が報告されており,有望な心理療法である.(著者抄録)

【生理心理学と神経心理学の対話】神経心理学からみた記憶

梅田聡

脳神経内科（(有)科学評論社） 103 （ 5 ） 505 - 508 2025年11月

ISSN 2434-3285

The impact of artificial barometric pressure changes on migraine: A randomized, single-blind controlled study

Ihara, K; Watanabe, N; Ishikawa, N; Iba, C; Miyazaki, N; Takemura, R; Shibata, M; Suzuki, S; Nakahara, J; Umeda, S; Takizawa, T

CEPHALALGIA 45 47 - 48 2025年11月

ISSN 0333-1024

うつ病に対する認知行動療法と薬物療法における認知機能改善効果の比較傾向スコアを用いた縦断的検討

小林由季, 平野仁一, 中川敦夫, 竹村亮, 梅田聡, 田島美幸, 野田祥子, 天野瑞紀, 神谷慶, 内田裕之, 片山奈理子

日本認知療法・認知行動療法学会プログラム・抄録集（日本認知療法・認知行動療法学会） 25回 207 - 207 2025年10月

Psychophysiological Examination of Self-and Other-Referential Processing in Depressive and Ruminative Individuals: An ERP-Based Study

Echigo, K; Umeda, S

BIPOLAR DISORDERS 27 S147 - S147 2025年09月

ISSN 1398-5647

Dynamic neural network modulation associated with rumination in major depressive disorder: a prospective observational comparative analysis of cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy

Katayama N., Shinagawa K., Hirano J., Kobayashi Y., Nakagawa A., Umeda S., Kamiya K., Tajima M., Amano M., Nogami W., Ihara S., Noda S., Terasawa Y., Kikuchi T., Mimura M., Uchida H.

Translational Psychiatry 15 （ 1 ） 267 - 267 2025年08月

査読有り, ISSN 2158-3188

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy are primary treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, their differential effects on the neural networks associated with rumination, or repetitive negative thinking, remain poorly understood. This study included 135 participants, whose rumination severity was measured using the rumination response scale (RRS) and whose resting brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at baseline and after 16 weeks. MDD patients received either standard CBT based on Beck’s manual (n = 28) or pharmacotherapy (n = 32). Using a hidden Markov model, we observed that MDD patients exhibited increased activity in the default mode network (DMN) and decreased occupancies in the sensorimotor and central executive networks (CEN). The DMN occurrence rate correlated positively with rumination severity. CBT, while not specifically designed to target rumination, reduced DMN occurrence rate and facilitated transitions toward a CEN-dominant brain state as part of broader therapeutic effects. Pharmacotherapy shifted DMN activity to the posterior region of the brain. These findings suggest that CBT and pharmacotherapy modulate brain network dynamics related to rumination through distinct therapeutic pathways.

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心理的な痛みの認知神経メカニズム

梅田聡

心身医学（一般社団法人日本心身医学会） 65 （ 4 ） 308 - 315 2025年07月

ISSN 03850307

本稿では，まず主観的な感覚である心理的な痛みの定義およびその原因となる要因について述べ，痛みの症状を生み出す認知神経メカニズムについて概説する．特に，島皮質および帯状皮質前部から構成されるセイリエンスネットワークを中心とした神経基盤の関与について，内受容感覚との関連性に着目しながら述べる．さらに，慢性的な痛みを解釈する認知神経科学の理論的枠組みを紹介し，内受容感覚のベースとなる自律神経活動の特殊性に焦点を当て，身体症状症をはじめとする臨床病態について考察する．

INTERNALIZATION AND SOMATIZATION THROUGH REACTIVE AGGRESSION AS A CAUSE OF SUBJECTIVE PAIN

Arima, A; Umeda, S

BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL SCIENCE AND MEDICINE 87 （ 4 ） A23 - A23 2025年05月

ISSN 2998-8748

INTEROCEPTIVE ACCURACY DURING BREATH-HOLDING LEADS TO PAIN INTENSITY THROUGH SOMATOSENSORY AMPLIFICATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PRIMARY PAIN

Mashima, Y; Wakaizumi, K; Terasawa, Y; Koreki, A; Tanaka, C; Ishikawa, N; Sakuragi, M; Minegishi, Y; Kokorokamakura; Arima, A; Uchida, H; Mimura, M; Umeda, S

BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL SCIENCE AND MEDICINE 87 （ 4 ） A50 - A50 2025年05月

ISSN 2998-8748

Association of personality traits with rumination improvement following cognitive behavioral therapy in major depression: an observational study

Noda S., Nakagawa A., Umeda S., Amano M., Nogami W., Ihara S., Kobayashi Y., Kinouchi M.O., Takemura R., Uchida H., Katayama N.

Frontiers in Psychiatry 16 1671393 - 1671393 2025年

査読有り, ISSN 1664-0640

Introduction: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective for major depressive disorder (MDD), yet individual responses vary. Personality may relate to outcomes, but its role in brooding rumination during CBT remains unclear. This study tested whether baseline personality traits are associated with brooding change in patients with MDD receiving CBT. Methods: In this prospective observational cohort, 75 outpatients were allocated to CBT + treatment-as-usual (TAU) (n=33 baseline; n=30 longitudinal) or TAU alone (n=42; n=38) based on clinical course and preference. The Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) brooding subscale and the 17-item Grid-Based Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (GRID-HAMD<inf>17</inf>) were assessed at baseline and 16 weeks; the Temperament and Personality Questionnaire (T&P) was assessed at baseline. Multiple linear regressions within each group examined associations between baseline traits and brooding change, adjusting for sex, baseline brooding, and baseline GRID-HAMD<inf>17</inf>. A trait-wise single-predictor sensitivity analysis used the same covariates. Results: Both groups demonstrated significant within-group improvements. Hedges’ g (95% CI): CBT—brooding 0.48 (0.11–0.85), GRID-HAMD<inf>17</inf> 1.07 (0.63–1.50); TAU—brooding 0.84 (0.47–1.21), GRID-HAMD<inf>17</inf> 1.46 (1.01–1.91). In CBT, higher anxious worrying was associated with greater brooding reduction (eight-predictor model: B = 0.71, p = 0.026) and remained significant in the single-predictor analysis (B = 0.36, p = 0.014). Self-criticism showed a negative association in the eight-predictor model (B=−0.60, p = 0.043) but did not persist in the single-predictor analysis. In TAU, no personality trait was associated with brooding change. Adjusted between-group differences in change (brooding, GRID-HAMD<inf>17</inf>, total DDD) were not significant. Limitations: Nonrandomized allocation, modest sample sizes, and two assessment time points limit precision and power; the eight-predictor model in CBT may be prone to overfitting, so findings are exploratory. Conclusion: In this observational cohort, personality traits, with anxious worrying appearing relevant, were associated with brooding change within CBT, whereas between-group differences were not significant. These hypothesis-generating results require validation in adequately powered randomized trials to inform stratified depression care.

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ストレス課題におけるロボット声かけの心臓血管反応への影響の調査

熊谷和実, チャンポーンパックディーインオン, 三宅徳久, トリパンピタクコンカノック, 福森航輔, 高田勝悟, 品川和志, 田仲祐登, 辻幸樹, 梅田聡, 田中聡久, 大武美保子

ロボティクス・メカトロニクス講演会講演概要集（一般社団法人日本機械学会） 2025 （ 0 ） 2P1-G05 2025年

Brain–body interactions associated with the transition from mind wandering to awareness of its occurrence

Shinagawa K., Tanaka Y., Terasawa Y., Umeda S.

Neuroscience of Consciousness 2025 （ 1 ） niaf059 2025年

査読有り

Our thoughts are inherently dynamic and often wander far from our current situation (mind wandering, MW). Although previous research revealed that brain regions involved in arousal regulation modulate neural dynamics to facilitate the transition from MW to the awareness of its occurrence, the specific physiological states and afferent signals underlying this process remain unclear. In this study, we examined electroencephalography, electrocardiography, and respiration data before participants were aware of MW during a task in which they focused on external or internal stimuli (tones or their breath). We showed that the transition to awareness of MW was characterized by decreased alpha and beta activity and a suppression of the parietal later component of the heartbeat-evoked potential (HEP), a modulation pattern identified in this study as a marker of enhanced central processing based on its consistent appearance across internal attention conditions. Furthermore, when participants were instructed to focus on their breath, they were more likely to be in the exhalation phase during the transition to awareness of MW and in the inhalation phase when MW was reported. This respiratory pattern was accompanied by changes in cardiac activity and HEP amplitudes. Based on these findings, we propose that the transition from MW to the awareness of its occurrence is associated with diverse neural activity, including the enhanced processing of bodily signals that co-occurs with specific cardiac and respiratory dynamics.

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抑うつ・反芻傾向における自己関連情報への認知的バイアス

越後くるみ, 梅田聡

日本認知心理学会発表論文集（日本認知心理学会） 2025 （ 0 ） 165 - 165 2025年

抑うつや反芻傾向が強い個人は，自己関連情報の処理に偏りが生じ，不適応的反応を行う傾向がある。本研究では，自己と自己関連他者の参照処理の相違を検討するため，自己および自己が経験した肯定的・否定的出来事に関連する他者を参照対象とし，肯定語・否定語の適合判断，反応時間，単語への注意指標として事象関連電位（ERP）を測定し，抑うつおよび反芻傾向の影響を検討した。抑うつや反芻傾向が強いほど自己を不適応的に判断したが，他者に対しては関連する出来事の価値と一致した判断を行っていた。抑うつや反芻傾向は反応時間に有意な影響を及ぼさなかったが，否定的出来事に関連する他者参照時の否定語への注意の低下と関連し，これは反芻の適応的側面とは関連しなかった。これらの結果は，抑うつや反芻の不適応的側面が，自己関連他者に対する文脈適合的な注意を妨げ，出来事の価値を他者ではなく自己に帰属させる傾向に影響を及ぼす可能性を示唆する。

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梅田 聡

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梅田　聡

論文 - 梅田　聡