研究者詳細 - 梅田　聡

論文 - 梅田　聡

分割表示 262 件中 201 - 220 件目／全件表示 >>

Neural correlates of humor processing: fMRI study

M. Shibata, Y. Terasawa, S. Umeda

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY 85 （ 3 ） 405 - 406 2012年09月

ISSN 0167-8760

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Enhanced repetition blindness with angry emotional faces

Yamaoka Kao, Umeda Satoshi

Psychologia 55 （ 3 ） 161 - 170 2012年

ISSN 0033-2852

Repetition blindness is defined as difficulty detecting repeated targets within an array of stimuli. However, it is unclear how emotion affects this phenomenon. In the present study, participants were exposed to happy and angry faces, and nonemotional stimuli shown in rapid serial visual presentation. They were required to identify the repeated targets, and the magnitude of repetition blindness was measured to indicate emotional effects. Analysis showed that, while there was no difference in accuracy between happy and angry faces on non-repeated trials, accuracy was significantly lower for angry faces on repeated trials inducing greater repetition blindness. This effect was stronger when the stimulus exposure rate was 150 msec, suggesting its early processes and strong capturing of attention. These results show that repetition blindness effect was stronger with angry faces, which is likely due to enhanced emotional alertness and increase in intensity of the processes inducing greater repetition blindness.

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PD-081 大学生のADHD傾向と報酬予期下における作動記憶の個人差(特別支援,ポスター発表)

前原由喜夫, 梅田聡

日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集（日本教育心理学会） 54 441 - 441 2012年

Neural processing associated with comprehension of an indirect reply during a scenario reading task

Shibata Midori, Abe Jun ichi, Itoh Hiroaki, Shimada Koji, Umeda Satoshi

Neuropsychologia 49 （ 13 ） 3542 - 3550 2011年11月

ISSN 0028-3932

In daily communication, we often use indirect speech to convey our intention. However, little is known about the brain mechanisms that underlie the comprehension of indirect speech. In this study, we conducted a functional MRI experiment using a scenario reading task to compare the neural activity induced by an indirect reply (a type of indirect speech) and a literal sentence. Participants read a short scenario consisting of three sentences. The first two sentences explained the situation of the protagonists, whereas the third sentence had an indirect, literal, or unconnected meaning. The indirect reply condition primarily activated the bilateral fronto-temporal networks (Brodmann's Areas (BA) 47 and 21) and the dorso-medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC). In the literal sentence condition, only the left fronto-temporal network (BA 45 and 21) and the dmPFC (posterior region) were activated. In addition, we found greater activation resulting from comprehension of an indirect reply than from literal sentence comprehension in the dmPFC, the left middle frontal area (BA 9), the bilateral inferior frontal area (BA 9/47), and the right middle temporal area (BA 21). Our findings indicate that the right and left fronto-temporal networks play a crucial role in detecting contextual violations, whereas the medial frontal cortex is important for generating inferences to make sense of remarks within a context. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

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Deficits in prospective memory following damage to the prefrontal cortex

Umeda Satoshi, Kurosaki Yoshiko, Terasawa Yuri, Kato Motoichiro, Miyahara Yasuyuki

Neuropsychologia 49 （ 8 ） 2178 - 2184 2011年07月

ISSN 0028-3932

Neuropsychological investigations of prospective memory (PM), representing memory of future intentions or plans, have evolved over the past two decades. The broadly accepted divisions involved in PM consist of a prospective memory component (PMC), a process for remembering to remember, and a retrospective memory component, a process for remembering the content of the intended action. Previous functional neuroimaing studies have provided some evidence that the rostral prefrontal cortex (BA10) is one of areas that is critical for prospective remembering. However, the question of whether damage to part of the prefrontal cortex affects attenuated performance for PMC remains unresolved. In this study, 74 participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI) including focal damage to frontal or temporal lobe areas were administered thirteen standard neuropsychological tests and the PM task. To identify influential areas contributing to PM performance, discriminant function analysis was conducted. The results indicated that the following three areas are highly contributory to PM performance: the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex; and the left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Comparing differences in neuropsychological test scores showed that orientation scores were significantly higher in the greater PM performance group, suggesting that PMC represents an integrated memory function associated with awareness of current status. These data contribute to our understanding of the neural substrates and functional characteristics of the PMC. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

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Association between interoception and empathy

Fukushima Hirokata, Terasawa Yuri, Umeda Satoshi

International Journal of Psychophysiology （Elsevier） 79 （ 2 ） 259 - 265 2011年02月

ISSN 0167-8760

Physiological bodily states play an important role in affective experiences. This study investigated whether the neural processing of internal body state (interoception) is associated with empathy, the understanding of the affective states of others. We used the 'heartbeat-evoked potential' (HEP), a surface electroencephalography (EEG) pattern, as a neural index of interoceptive processing. The HEP is contingent on the most prominent peak (R-wave) of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and is thought to reflect cortical processing of cardiac afferent input. Twenty-one healthy adults performed empathy and control tasks while EEG and ECG were recorded, where they made judgments based on either the affective or physical aspects of images of human eyes. HEP, ECG and heart rate in each task block were calculated and compared. Results showed that cardiac activity was not significantly different between tasks. In contrast, HEP showed a significant task difference, exhibited as an increased negativity during the empathy task over frontocentral sites at a latency of approximately 250-430. ms. Furthermore, a self-reported measure of empathy was associated with mean HEP amplitude during the period of task-related differentiation. These results suggest that afferent feedback from visceral activity may contribute to inferences about the affective state of others. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.

Neural substrates of implicit cueing effect on prospective memory

Hashimoto Teruo, Umeda Satoshi, Kojima Shozo

NeuroImage 54 （ 1 ） 645 - 652 2011年01月

ISSN 1053-8119

Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine the maintenance of intentions during an ongoing task involving implicit cues. Participants were required to detect target words while engaging in the ongoing task. Cues matched to the target category and cues matched to the action for targets were presented implicitly during the ongoing task. Implicit categorical target cues were found to enhance prospective memory performance, and implicit action cues accelerated responses more than irrelevant implicit cues in the prospective memory task. We found increased caudal anterior cingulate cortex (cACC) activity during the ongoing task with both implicit target and action cues, suggesting that alertness or preparatory attentional processes were strengthened by implicit cues. Implicit target cues elicited enhanced activity in the lateral anterior prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's area 10), which may be involved in dual processing of the ongoing task and the maintained intention. These results suggest that implicit cues may boost primitive attention toward an intended action and may be accessible to off-line maintenance. The facilitation of prospective target detection and the action execution by target cues were associated with increased supplementary motor area (SMA) activity. In contrast, we found enhanced premotor cortex (PMC) activation with action cue during the prospective memory task, suggesting that the PMC may be involved in stimulus-induced and rather automatic action. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of implicit cues for examining the maintenance of intention. Overall, we found that implicit target cues can facilitate prospective memory performance, and implicit action cues can accelerate responses. The above-mentioned neural underpinnings suggest that attentional and motor control processes are involved in the enhancement of prospective memory. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.

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Brain activity underlying emotional valence in negative and positive utterances: An fMRI study

Midori Shibata, Yuri Terasawa, Satoshi Umeda

NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH 71 E287 - E287 2011年

ISSN 0168-0102

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サイコパシー研究の現状と今後の展望について(準備委員会企画シンポジウム(1))

西村由貴, 大隅尚広, 梅田聡, 福井裕輝, 島陽一

日本パーソナリティ心理学会大会発表論文集（日本パーソナリティ心理学会）（ 19 ） 1 - 2 2010年10月

Autonomic reactivity of hypothesis-testing in decision-making

Terasawa Yuri, Umeda Satoshi

Psychologia 53 （ 3 ） 195 - 206 2010年09月

ISSN 0033-2852

Given the results of studies using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), emotion-based sensitivity to an anticipated outcome of one's own behavior has been suggested to be a significant factor in making advantageous decisions. Hypotheses-testing in performing IGT is essential for learning correct rules and elicits autonomic reactivity. In this study, participants were asked to concentrate on hypothesis-testing to learn undisclosed rules in the task which framework was similar to the IGT, rather than maximizing monetary reward. The amplitudes of skin conductance responses (SCRs) prior to card selection and following feedback were attenuated as participants came to accurately comprehend the task rules. The attenuation of SCRs resulted from reduced motivation to continue the hypotheses-testing. Our findings provide some evidence that observed autonomic responses partially reflect emotional reactions associated with the hypothesis-testing.

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Affective-Cognitive Interactionの諸相心理学と神経科学の融合へ向けて

伊里綾子, 寺澤悠理, 重宗弥生, 梅田聡, 杉浦元亮

日本心理学会大会発表論文集（(公社)日本心理学会） 74回 WS48 - WS48 2010年08月

情動を生み出す身体と脳のメカニズム

梅田聡

神経心理学 : Japanese journal of neuropsychology 26 （ 1 ） 47 - 53 2010年03月

ISSN 0911-1085

CiNii Research

Acquired personality traits of autism following damage to the medial prefrontal cortex

Umeda Satoshi, Mimura Masaru, Kato Motoichiro

Social Neuroscience 5 （ 1 ） 19 - 29 2010年02月

ISSN 1747-0919

Recent neuroimaging studies on "theory of mind" have demonstrated that the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved when subjects are engaged in various kinds of mentalising tasks. Although a large number of neuroimaging studies have been published, a relatively small amount of neuropsychological evidence supports involvement of the medial PFC in theory of mind reasoning. We recruited two neurological cases with damage to the medial PFC and initially performed the standard neuropsychological assessments for intelligence, memory, and executive functions. To examine theory of mind performance in these two cases, four kinds of standard and advanced tests for theory of mind were used, including first- and second-order false belief tests, the strange stories test, and the faux pas recognition test. Both patients were also requested to complete the questionnaire for the autism-spectrum quotient. Neither case showed impairment on standard theory of mind tests and only mild impairments were seen on advanced theory of mind tests. This pattern of results is basically consistent with previous studies. The most interesting finding was that both cases showed personality changes after surgical operations, leading to characteristics of autism showing a lack of social interaction in everyday life. We discuss herein the possible roles of the medial PFC and emphasize the importance of using multiple approaches to understand the mechanisms of theory of mind and medial prefrontal functions. © 2009 Psychology Press.

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Simulator platform that enables social interaction simulation - SIGVerse

Inamura Tetsunari, Shibata Tomohiro, Sena Hideaki, Hashimoto Takashi, Kawai Nobuyuki, Miyashita Takahiro, Sakurai Yoshiki, Shimizu Masahiro, Otake Mihoko, Hosoda Koh, Umeda Satoshi, Inui Kentaro, Yoshikawa Yuichiro

2010 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration: SI International 2010 - The 3rd Symposium on System Integration, SII 2010, Proceedings 212 - 217 2010年

Understanding mechanisms of intelligence of human beings and animals is one of the most important approaches to develop intelligent robot systems. Since the mechanisms of such real-life intelligent systems are so complex, physical interactions between agents and their environment and the social interactions between agents should be considered. Comprehension and knowledge in many peripheral fields such as cognitive science, developmental psychology, brain science, evolutionary biology, and robotics is also required. Discussions from an interdisciplinary aspect are very important for implementing this approach, but such collaborative research is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it is difficult to obtain fruitful results from such research because the basis of experiments is very different in each research field. In the social science field, for example, several multi-agent simulation systems have been proposed for modeling factors such as social interactions and language evolution, whereas robotics researchers often use dynamics and sensor simulators. However, there is no integrated system that uses both physical simulations and social communication simulations. Therefore, we developed a simulator environment called SIGVerse that combines dynamics, perception, and communication simulations for synthetic approaches to research into the genesis of social intelligence. In this paper, we introduce SIGVerse, its example application and perspectives. ©2010 IEEE.