Papers - Iida, Norimasa

Cycle-to-cycle Flow Rate Measurement on Reciprocating HCCI Engine using Fast-response Laminar Flow Meter

Yoshihko KANOTO, Kenichiro NAGAI, Tsunemichi KAWA and Norimasa IIDA

Journal of Environment and Engineering (JSME)  6 ( 1 ) 220-232 2010.02

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted,  ISSN  1880-988X

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In recent years, higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions are required on a reciprocating engine development and therefore cycle-to-cycle combustion control is necessary. Especially it is a key factor to control HCCI combustion engine. In HCCI engine, one of the most promising combustion methods to achieve high thermal efficiency, the ignition timing strongly depends on the mass-averaged temperature of charged gas and residual gas and very precious combustion phase control is required. Therefore it is important to detect the changes of cycle-to-cycle intake air flow rate, EGR gas flow rate and as well as residual gas in each cycle. The traditional laminar flow meter has too low responsivity to measure cycle-to-cycle flow rate. In this study, the fast-response laminar flow meter was developed in order to measure cycle-to-cycle dynamical flow rate. The availability of the fast-response laminar flow meter for cycle-to-cycle intake air flow rate measurement of the HCCI engine is shown in this paper.

The Effect of Mixing Stratification Using Two Fuels on Reducing Pressure Rise Rate in HCCI Engines

岩間理，飯田訓正

日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編） ((社)日本機械学会)  76 ( 762 ) 186-187 2010.02

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

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Operating range of HCCI engines is limited by an excessive pressure rise rate (PRR) in high load region resulting in engine knock. Dispersing auto-ignition timing at each local area in the combustion chamber and retarding combustion phasing (CA50) are main methods of decreasing the excessive PRR. Changing mixing ratio of two fuels which have different auto-ignition characteristics leads to the change of combustion phasing. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of making the variation of mixing ratio in the mixture to change the combustion phasing at each local area in the combustion chamber on reducing PRR. The test fuels were DME and n-Butane which both have LTHR and HTHR during HCCI combustion. In addition to in-cylinder gas pressure measurement, in order to assess the combustion at each local area, chemiluminescence imaging and numerical analysis with multi-zones modeling were used. Maximum PRR changes depending on mixing condition of DME and n-Butane. When DME is stratified and n-Butane is distributed uniformly in the combustion chamber (Case3), maximum PRR becomes lowest. In Case3, the appearance timing of chemiluminescence at each local area is dispersed and the duration of chemiluminescence is longer than in Case1 (DME and n-Butane are both distributed uniformly). By numerical analysis, it is found that the temperature distribution and difference of HTHR start temperature makes difference of HTHR start timing in each zone.

An Investigation of Combustion Robustness of HCCI Engines at Retarded Combustion Phasing Operation (by use of Numerical Analysis with Multi-Zone Model)

重豊健志，長永麻里，飯野裕喜，飯田訓正

日本機械学会論文集（Ｂ編） ((社)日本機械学会)  76 ( 761 ) 142-148 2010.01

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

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The purpose of this study is to investigate combustion robustness of HCCI engines at retarded combustion phasing operation by going through numerical analysis with multi-zone model.
The reason of calculation with the multi-zone model is to examine the mechanism of combustion phasing retard to reduce an excessive pressure-rise rate and keep combustion robustness with thermal stratification. It is found that excessive combustion phasing retard causes cyclic dispersion and misfire. With thermal stratification, combustion robustness at retarded combustion phasing operation is analyzed.
As a result, in case of same initial mass averaged gas temperature as larger thermal stratification was set, 50% heat release timing of high temperature heat release (HTHR) was advanced because higher initial gas temperature zone was auto-ignited in turn. It was confirmed to trade off between pressure-rise rate and 50% heat release timing in HTHR

Diesel Engines in the Last Ten Years: Topics:Progress in Automotive Technologies in the first ten years of the 21st century

Norimasa Iida, Naoki Yanagisawa, Masakazu Yamazaki, Hisakazu Suzuki

Journal of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan ((社)自動車技術会)  64 ( 1 ) 41-45 2010.01

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work

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The most important issue for diesel engines for the last decade is the emission reduction to improve urban enviroments. For this problem, the emission regulation were tightened four times from '98 to '09, and many of diesel technologies such as turbocharging, fuel injection system, EGR and aftertreatment devices are remarkably improved. This article refers the progress of these technologies for ten years briefly.

Cycle-to-cycle Flow Rate Measurement on Reciprocating Engine using Fast-response Laminar Flow Meter

鹿ノ戸義彦，永井健一郎，賀羽常道，飯田訓正

日本機械学会論文集（Ｃ編） ((社)日本機械学会)  75 ( 759C ) 120-125 2009.11

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

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HCCI機関などの次世代のエンジン開発では，燃焼のサイクル毎の安定性の確保が効率および出力の向上，排出ガスの低減の観点から求められている．さらに往復動機関は間欠燃焼を行うため，サイクル毎にシリンダ内に供給されるガスの流量を把握することが重要である．本研究ではサイクル毎のシリンダへの吸気流量を計測するため高い応答性を持つ層流形流量計測システムを試作し，単気筒HCCI機関に適用し，その性能を確認した．その結果，構築したシステムが高い応答性で正確に動的な流量計測を行えることが明らかになり今後のエンジン開発に有用あると考えられる．

An Investigation of the Effect of Fuels and Thermal Stratification on Reducing Pressure Rise Rate in HCCI Engines

IIDA NORIMASA

日本機械学会　研究協力部会RC232　ディーゼル機関における不均一燃焼の高度制御に関する研究分科会　研究報告書（最終） 第2班 着火および燃焼の化学反応 ((社)日本機械学会)     - 2009.06

Research paper (other academic), Joint Work

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Operating range of HCCI engines is limited by an excessive pressure rise rate (PRR) in high load region resulting in engine knock. Dispersing auto-ignition timing at each local area in the combustion chamber and retarding combustion phasing (CA50) are main methods of decreasing the excessive PRR. Changing mixing ratio of two fuels which have different auto-ignition characteristics leads to the change of combustion phasing. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of making the variation of mixing ratio in the mixture to change the combustion phasing at each local area in the combustion chamber on reducing PRR. The test fuels were DME and n-Butane which both have LTHR and HTHR during HCCI combustion. In addition to in-cylinder gas pressure measurement, in order to assess the combustion at each local area, chemiluminescence imaging and numerical analysis with multi-zones modeling were used. Maximum PRR changes depending on mixing condition of DME and n-Butane. When DME is stratified and n-Butane is distributed uniformly in the combustion chamber (Case3), maximum PRR becomes lowest. In Case3, the appearance timing of chemiluminescence at each local area is dispersed and the duration of chemiluminescence is longer than in Case1 (DME and n-Butane are both distributed uniformly). By numerical analysis, it is found that the temperature distribution and difference of HTHR start temperature makes difference of HTHR start timing in each zone.

Effect of Intake Gas Pressure and Temperature on Combustion Proccess in HCCI Engine Numerical Analysis using PRF Fuels/Air Mixture

Norimasa Iida, Mari Nagae

日本機械学会　研究協力部会RC234　燃料の多様化と低環境負荷動力システムに関する研究分科会　研究報告書（最終） 第2班：DME・天然ガスの燃焼，予混合圧縮着火，燃料電池 ((社)日本機械学会)     57-63 2009.03

Research paper (other academic), Joint Work

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In HCCI combustion, sometimes there are two stage heat release; low temperature heat release (LTHR) and high temperature heat release (HTHR). Some experimental results clearly show pressure also is very important in determining whether we get LTHR or not. For instance, we found that if we ran the engine with boosted intake pressure and low temperature, we could see LTHR but LTHR disappears if the same fuel is run with low intake pressure and high intake temperature. Thus whether you see LTHR in HCCI tests depends very much on the operating conditions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the elementary reaction path affected by an initial Pressure and Temperature. The influence of the fuels between high octane number and low octane number fuels are also considered. For this reason, n-Heptane (PRF0) that has large heat release in LTHR and iso-Ocatne (PRF100) that has small heat release in LTHR were used as test fuels. The method of calculate the contribution of each elementary reactions and chemical species are also considered.

Numerical Analysis of Influence of Engine Speed on HCCI Combustion Characteristic

Hiroki Iino, Kenji Shigetoyo, Mari Nagae, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会論文集 (（社）自動車技術会)  40 ( 2 ) 393-398 2009.03

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

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往復動機関のHCCI機関は回転速度に応じ予混合気の圧力および温度上昇速度が変化する．本研究では回転速度が着火時温度，燃焼期間および燃焼効率等のHCCI燃焼特性に与える影響を素反応数値計算により解析した．
燃料はNTC領域の有無が異なるメタンとDMEを用い，衝撃波管の着火遅れ特性との関係を考察した．

An Investigation about the Potential of Stratified Charge for Reducing Pressure Rise Rate on HCCI Engine by using Rapid Compression Machine

Daisuke Shirota, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会論文集 (（社）自動車技術会)  40 ( 2 ) 375-380 2009.03

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

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予混合気に温度および燃料濃度分布を与えることで予混合圧縮自己着火機関における急峻な圧力上昇を回避する手法を検証する．急速圧縮装置の燃焼室内に予混合気の温度ないし燃料濃度を層状に給気して，圧縮自己着火時の燃焼室内ガスの圧力履歴および化学発光像より，圧力上昇率の低減効果を解析した．

Combustion Research on Internal Combustion Engine: Present and Tuture /Engine Combustion: its elucidation and evolution

Norimasa Iida

日本燃焼学会誌 (日本燃焼学会)  51 ( 155 ) 9-22 2009.02

Research paper (scientific journal), Single Work

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２０世紀のエンジン開発は，高性能，高効率，低コストの追求でした．そして環境問題への対応から排気浄化技術の導入が図られました．さらには，地球温暖化の防止の視点からの環境性能が求められています．すなわち，「環境や資源に負担の少ないエンジンとは何か」ということを起点にして，社会のコンポーネントとしての次世代型エンジンが求められている．エンジンの効率および性能を左右するエンジン燃焼について，大学における燃焼:研究の最先端の取り組みを紹介する．

HCCI Combustion Control by using EGR

Kenichiro Nagai, Yoshihiko Kanoto, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会論文集 (（社）自動車技術会)  40 ( 1 ) 135-140 2009.01

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

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HCCI機関の実用化に向けて，高負荷時におけるロバスト性を確保した高効率運転が重要となる．本研究では単気筒エンジンを用い，量論比予混合気・高温EGRガス・低温EGRガスの供給比をスロットルで変化させ，圧縮開始時筒内ガス質量平均温度を変化させることにより燃焼制御を行うシステムを対象とした制御モデルを作成し提案する．

and Cyclic Dispersion Analysis of a HCCI Engine

中野宏明，飯田訓正

機械学会論文集 ((社)日本機械学会)  74 ( 748B ) 252-258 2008.12

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

An Investigation of the Effect of Fuels Stratification of DME and n-Butane on Reducing Pressure Rise Rate in a HCCI Engine using Chemiluminescence Imaging

山沖聡，岩間理，飯田訓正

機械学会論文集 ((社)日本機械学会)  74 ( 748B ) 259-265 2008.12

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

Combustion Control by EGR Management

鹿ノ戸義彦，永井健一郎，飯田訓正

機械学会論文集 ((社)日本機械学会)  74 ( 748B ) 238-244 2008.12

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

"Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Thermal and Fuel Stratification on Reducing Pressure Rise Rate in HCCI Engine by Using Multi-Zone Chemical Kinetics"

吉田茜，重豊健志，長永麻里，飯田訓正

機械学会論文集 ((社)日本機械学会)  74 ( 748B ) 245-251 2008.12

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

Influence of the Fuel Compositions on the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion

Susumu Sato, Daisuke Yamashita and Norimasa Iida

International Journal of Engine Research 9 ( 2 ) 123-148 2008.11

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted,  ISSN  1468-0874

Effect of Intake gas Pressure and Temperature on HCCI Combustion Process in HCCI Engine

Mari Nagae,Kenji Shigetoyo,Akane Yoshida,Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会論文集 (（社）自動車技術会)  39 ( 6 ) 149-154 2008.11

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

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HCCI燃焼において、燃料に低温酸化反応での発熱量が多いn-Heptaneと少ないiso-Octaneを用いて、それぞれ単一の場合と混合した場合での供給する予混合気の温度及び圧力の違いが熱発生に及ぼす影響を、詳細な素反応数値解析により考察した。

Potential of Combustion Phasing Retard for Reducing Pressure-Rise Rates in HCCI Engines by use of Numerical Analysis

Kenji Shigetoyo, Mari Nagae, Akane Yoshida, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会論文集 (（社）自動車技術会)  39 ( 6 ) 155-160 2008.11

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

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HCCI機関において，吸気温度を変化させて燃焼位相を遅延化することにより，膨張行程で燃焼を行うことが圧力上昇率の低減および燃焼効率に及ぼす影響を解析した．燃料にはDME，Methaneおよびn-Butaneを使用し，詳細な素反応を考慮したマルチゾーンモデルを用いた素反応数値計算を行った．

Effects of the Stratified Mixture Using the Fuel with Two Components on HCCI Combustion -A Combustion Analysis Using Chemiluminescence Imaging-

Osamu Iwama,Satoshi Yamaoki,Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会論文集 (（社）自動車技術会)  39 ( 5 ) 77-82 2008.09

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

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HCCI機関において自着火特性の異なる二種の燃料を用い，圧縮前の燃焼室内局所における燃料の混合比に違いを与えることによる圧力上昇率の低減効果を検証した．実験には4ストローク単気筒可視化エンジンを用い，圧力計測に加えて燃焼室内の化学発光像を撮影し，燃焼室内局所におけるHCCI燃焼の様子を評価した．

HCCI機関における予混合気の温度および濃度の不均一性が燃焼時の圧力上昇率に及ぼす影響の素反応数値解析

IIDA NORIMASA

日本機械学会　研究協力部会RC226　先進計測技術と数値解析の統合による能動的制御燃焼の国際協力研究分科会　研究報告書（最終） 1.5F: Spray and Combustion in Diesel Engine ((社)日本機械学会)     34-42 2008.06

Research paper (other academic), Single Work

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本研究では、予混合気の温度および濃度の不均一性によって燃焼時の筒内ガス圧力上昇率が低減する機構を解明し、併せて排気特性への影響を調べることを目的として素反応数値解析を行った。