Presentations -

An Investigation on the Spray Characteristics of DME with Variation of Ambient Pressure using the Common Rail Fuel Injection System

Sejun Lee, Ocktaeck Lim and Norimasa Iida

2011SETC (Small Engine Technology Conference), November 8-10, 2011 Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan (Sappro, Hokkaido, Japan) , 

2011.11

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Oral presentation (general), JSAE/SAE

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It is investigated of the DME spray characteristics about varied ambient pressure and fuel injection pressure using the common rail fuel injection system when the nozzle holes diameter is varied. The common rail fuel injection system and fuel cooling system is used since DME has compressibility and vaporization in atmospheric temperature. The fuel injection quantity and spray characteristics were measured. The spray was analyzed of spray shape, penetration length, and spray angle at the six nozzle holes. The 2 type injectors were used, the one was 0.166mm diameter the other one was 0.250mm diameter. The ambient pressure which is based on gage pressure was 0MPa, 2.5MPa, and 5MPa. The fuel injection pressure was varied by 5MPa from 35MPa to 70MPa. When using the converted injector, compared to using the common injector, the DME injection quantity was increased 127% but it didn’t have the same heat release. Both of the common and converted injectors had symmetric spray shapes. In case of converted injector, there were asymmetrical spray shapes until 1.2ms, but after 1.2ms the spray shape was symmetrical. Compared with the common and converted injector, the converted injector had shorter penetration length and wider spray angle than the common injector.

Validation of CO2 Reduction Effects and Analysis of Real-world Emissions in Eco-driving: - Relationship between Eco-driving Techniques and Emission Characteristics of CO2 and NOx For Diesel Commercial Trucks -

Susumu SATO, Hisakazu Suzuki (National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory), Masayoshi Miya (Keio University Graduated School), Norimasa Iida (Keio University)

自動車技術会2011年秋季学術講演会 (札幌コンベンションセンター「SORA」) , 

2011.10

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Oral presentation (general), (社)自動車技術会

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For the reduction of green house gas emission in transportation sector, an eco-driving has been promoted. To
clarify the CO2 reduction and the effects on NOx emissions by eco-driving, an on-road driving test using diesel freight
vehicle equipped with the on-board measurement system has been conducted. This paper reports the analytical result
about CO2 reduction effects and NOx emission changes under each payload condition by eco-driving techniques, such
as idling stop, early-shift-up and gentle acceleration.

Influence of Pilot Injection on Combustion Characteristics and Emissions in a DI Diesel Engine Fueled with Diesel and DME

Dong Won Jung, Jae Hoon Jeong, Ock Taeck Lim, Young Duck Pyo, Young Jae Lee and Norimasa Iida

2011 JSAE/SAE International Powerplants, Fuels & Lubricants meeting 30 August - 2 September 2011 Kyoto, Japan (Kyoto) , 

2011.09

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Oral presentation (general), JSAE/SAE

Influence of Compression Speed on HCCI Ignition and Combustion

Masato Kanehara, Hiroki Iino, Norimasa Iida

2011 JSAE/SAE International Powerplants, Fuels & Lubricants meeting 30 August - 2 September 2011 Kyoto, Japan (Kyoto) , 

2011.08

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Oral presentation (general), JSAE/SAE

An Investigation of the Potential of EGR Stratification for Reducing Pressure Rise Rate in HCCI Combustion by using Rapid Compression Machine

Ryo Odajima, Daisuke Shirota, Norimasa Iida

2011 JSAE/SAE International Powerplants, Fuels & Lubricants meeting 30 August - 2 September 2011 Kyoto, Japan (Kyoto) , 

2011.08

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Oral presentation (general), JSAE/SAE

Chemiluminescence measurements using single cylinder visualization engine

IIDA NORIMASA

自動車技術会関東支部2010年度学術研究講演会 (慶應義塾大学 日吉キャンパス,横浜) , 

2011.03

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Oral presentation (general), (社)自動車技術会関東支部

The Analysis of the cycle -by- cycle Combustion Variations of the HCCI Engine with Re-breathing EGR System

中村武雄，内木武虎，飯田訓正

自動車技術会関東支部2010年度学術研究講演会 (慶應義塾大学 日吉キャンパス,横浜) , 

2011.03

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Oral presentation (general), (社)自動車技術会関東支部

An Investigation of ２　Stage fuel Injections　on Combustion and Emissions in a D.I.　Diesel Engine: -Comparison of　between Diesel fuel and　Dimethyl ether-

Dong-Won Jung, Ock-Taeck Lim, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会関東支部2010年度学術研究講演会 (Keio Univ., Yokohama) , 

2011.03

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Oral presentation (general), JSAE Kannto

A Study about the Effects of EGR Percentage on HCCI Combustion Process with using Rapid Compression Machine (Effects of Specific Heat Ratio and Oxygen Concentration)

IIDA NORIMASA

自動車技術会関東支部2010年度学術研究講演会 (慶應義塾大学 日吉キャンパス,横浜) , 

2011.03

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Oral presentation (general), (社)自動車技術会関東支部

Influence of Rotation Speed on Ignition and Combustion Process of HCCI Combustion

法橋辰哉，金原雅人，飯田訓正

自動車技術会関東支部2010年度学術研究講演会 (慶應義塾大学 日吉キャンパス,横浜) , 

2011.03

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Oral presentation (general), (社)自動車技術会関東支部

Investigation into the Effects of Charge Inhomogeneity on HCCI Combustion, Based on Chemiluminescence Mesurement

IIDA NORIMASA

第21回内燃機関シンポジウム (岡山大学) , 

2010.11

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Oral presentation (general), Taketora Naiki, Norimasa Iida

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One of the numerous ways of overcoming knocking is to deliberately create fuel inhomogeneities within the combustion chamber, since it has proved to lengthen combustion duration and to drastically reduce maximum pressure rise rate (PRR). Thus, the goal of this paper is to investigate in details the reason why the whole combustion duration tends to enlarge, according to the fuel inhomogeneities. To make this analysis, a 4 stroke optically accessible engine provided with two different chemiluminescence measuring systems have been used. The first system is a chemiluminescence intensifier, mostly to investigate the fuel properties, and the second one is a chemiluminescence imaging system, with a high-speed camera rather for close and precise observations.

A Study about the Potential of EGR Stratifications for Reducing Pressure Rise Rate on HCCI Combustion

Ryo Odajima, Daisuke Shirota, Norimasa Iida

第21回内燃機関シンポジウム (岡山大学) , 

2010.11

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Oral presentation (general), 日本機械学会

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Stratified charge has been thought as one of the ways to avoid the sharp pressure rises of HCCI combustion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of EGR Stratifications to reduce Pressure Rise Rate on HCCI combustion. Pre-mixture with EGR stratifications is charged into Rapid Compression Machine. After that, the pre-mixture is compressed and in that process, in-cylinder gas pressure and temperature are analyzed. Additionally numerical calculation with multi-zones model is run to know the potential of EGR Stratifications for reducing Pressure Rise Rate.

Influence of Compression Speed on HCCI Ignition and Combustion

Masato Kanehara, Hiroki Iino, Norimasa Iida

第21回内燃機関シンポジウム (岡山大学) , 

2010.11

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Oral presentation (general), 日本機械学会

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In HCCI Engine, combustion is affected by change of compression speed corresponding to engine speed or compression ratio. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism of influence of engine speed on HCCI combustion characteristics by using numerical analysis. At first, the influence of engine speed was shown. And then, in order to clarify the mechanism of influence of engine speed, results of kinetics computations were analyzed to investigate the elementary reaction path for heat release at transient temperatures by using contribution matrix.

Analysis of the Effect of Eco-driving with Early Shift-up on Real-world Emission

Susumu Sato, Hisakazu Suzuki (National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory), Masayoshi Miya, Norimasa Iida (Keio University)

2010 PF&L (Doubletree Hotel MIddion Valley San Diego, California, USA) , 

2010.10

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Oral presentation (general), SAE

Mechanism of Road Side NOx Pollution Exhausted by On-Road Driving Diesel Vehicle: - Comparison between Vehicle Adopted for New Long Term Regulation and Vehicle Adopted for Long Term Regulation Using On-board Measurement System

Masayoshi Miya (Keio University Graduated School), Susumu SATO (National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory), Norimasa Iida (Keio University)

2010 PF&L (Doubletree Hotel MIddion Valley San Diego, California, USA) , 

2010.10

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Oral presentation (general), SAE

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--continued-- And concerning to both vehicles, simultaneously vehicle position by GPS, vehicle dynamics, engine dynamics, driver’s operation and road environment were measured. Adopting for transient mode regulation, Japanese JE05 mode, average NOx emission rates became lower by 57.4%, average distance based NOx emission became lower by 46%. And frequency of spot of distance based NOx emission was also lower. But concerning to Vehicle adopted for New Long Term Regulation, Hot-spots occupied 0.70% of route, this is high compared to 0.19% of Vehicle adopted for Long Term Regulation, so that 46% reduction of averaged distance based NOx emissions are not directly leads to 46% reduction of area of Hot-spots.

The investigation of diesel spray combustion in DME HCCI

Ock Taeck Lim (Ulsan University), Norimasa Iida (Keio University)

The 14th Annual Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems - ASIA (Ocean Suites Jeju Hotel, Jeju, Korea) , 

2010.10

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Oral presentation (general), ICLASS-Asia

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The purpose of the research is to investigate of diesel spray combustion for simultaneously reduce way NOx and PM．The pressure diesel injection were done into intermediates that are generated by very lean DME HCCI combustion using a RCM. The concentration of intermediate could not be directly measured; we estimated it by CHEMKIN calculation. DME HCCI characteristic is surveyed. Validations of the CHEMKIN calculation were confirmed pressure rise of an experiment and pressure rise of a calculation．Using a framing streak camera captured two dimensional spontaneous luminescence images from chemical species at low temperature reaction(LTR) and high temperature reaction (HTR). Also, the combustion events were observed by high-speed direct photography， the ignition and combustion were analyzed the combustion chamber pressure profiles

An Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Inhomogeneity on the Pressure Rise Rate in HCCI engine using Chemiluminescence Imaging

Taketora Naiki, Norimasa Iida (Keio University), Cedric Lhomme (Ecole Centrale de Nantes)

2010 SETC (Small Engine Technology Conference), September 28-30, 2010 University of Linz, Linz, Austria (University of Linz, Linz, Austria) , 

2010.09

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Oral presentation (general), SAE/JSAE

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It is widespread knowledge that deliberately creating fuel inhomogeneities in HCCI combustion brings about a
reduction in the maximum PRR. Investigating this phenomenon with an optical accessible engine, fueled with
DME and equipped with Photomultiplier and Image Intensifier.

Evaluation of NOx Emission Estimation Models of On-road Driving Trucks Contributing to Analysis of Local Roadside Pollutions

Toshihide Ishizeki, Masayoshi Miya (Keio University Graduate School), Susumu SATO (National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory), Norimasa Iida (Keio University)

自動車技術会2010年秋季学術講演会 (西日本総合展示場（北九州市）) , 

2010.09

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Oral presentation (general), (社)自動車技術会

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We measured emissions behavior using on-board measurement system of the engine and vehicle behavior target on-road driving truck. In particular, it deals with the parameters of the engine and vehicle behavior that affect roadside pollutions due to locally high concentrated NOx emissions. Then, it shows emission estimation models using the parameters as variables.

The Sudy on Performance of CNG/Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine

Gun Ho Choi, Ock Taeck Lim, Norimasa Iida

2010 JSAE Annual Conference (Yokohama, Japan) , 

2010.05

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Oral presentation (general), (社)自動車技術会

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CNG/Diesel dual-fuel engine is using CNG as a main fuel, and injects diesel only a little as a ignition priming. In this study, remodeling a existing diesel engine into dual-fuel engine that can injects diesel with high pressure by CRDi(Common Rail Direct injection), and injecting CNG at intake port for premixing. The results show that CNG/Diesel dual-fuel engine satisfied coordinate torque and power with conventional diesel engine. And CNG alternation rate is over 89% in all operating range of CNG/diesel dual-fuel engine. PM emission is lower 94% than diesel engine, but NOx emission is higher than diesel engine.

Mechanism of Road Side NOx Pollution Exhausted by On-Road Driving Vehicle: – Comparison between Vehicle Adopted for New Long Term Regulation and Vehicle Adopted for Long Term Regulation Using On-board Measurement System–

Masayoshi Miya (Keio University Graduated School), Susumu SATO (National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory), Norimasa Iida (Keio University)

自動車技術会2010年春季学術講演会 (パシフィコ横浜) , 

2010.05

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Oral presentation (general), (社)自動車技術会

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The gas emission of diesel vehicle consists of mainly N2, CO2, H2O, and additionally, it consists of CO and THC, results in incomplete combustion of fuel, NOx (nitrogen oxide), it results in high temperature combustion in engine, and PM (particulate matter). Of those emissions, NOx accumulated by the roadside results in harmful influence to pedestrian and resident by the roadside. This roadside partial pollution of NOx consists of driver’s operation, engine dynamics, vehicle’s dynamics and road infrastructures. In this research, it was investigated the influence of driver, driver’s operation to the exhaust gas emission of diesel vehicle, and also it was compared between vehicle adopted for new long term regulation and vehicle adopted for long term regulation by on-board measurement system.