Details of a Researcher - Iida, Norimasa

Presentations -

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Potential for the High Efficiency of Natural Gas SI Engine by “Dedicated EGR”

Kenji Sugata, Sejun Lee, Takahiro Sako, Mina Nishi, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会関東支部2014年度学術研究講演会 (千葉大学西千葉キャンパス) ,

2015.03

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

EGR realizes low temperature combustion and reduces heat loss, on the other hand, thermal efficiency decreases by　burning velocity deterioration under heavy EGR operation. T.Alger et al. in SwRI proposed ”Dedicated EGR”(d-EGR) that is running one or more cylinders rich and routing 100% of that cylinder’s exhaust directly into others, and it generates significant amount of CO and H2 that promote burning velocity. This research aims to improve thermal efficiency and inspect fuel ignitability by advancing ignition timing, and clarify the operable conditions of the natural gas SI engine using d-EGR.

Effects of EGR Dilution on Pressure Rise Rate in HCCI Engines

Takahide Matsui, Hiroki Ikeda, Mina Nishi, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会関東支部2015年度学術研究講演会 (千葉大学西千葉キャンパス) ,

2015.03

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine has attracted considerable interest as a new combustion concept for internal engines in recent years because of high efficiency and clean combustion. However its operation range is limited by the knocking at high load, which results from an excessive pressure rise rate(PRR). And, exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) is good method to achieve Low Temperature Combustion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of EGR and CH2O addition under constant amount of fuel on PRR . To do so, numerical analysis combustion experiment with rapid compression machine(RCM) were done. The results show that EGR under constant amount of fuel on PRR had an effect on PRR because of increasing heat capacity, and CH2O addition under constant amount of fuel had not an effect on PRR but had an effect on combustion timing.

Investigation of Fuel and Temperature Distribution Effect on Auto-ignition Timing in SI Engine.

Keisuke Shimizu,Keito Negoro,Seki Yuich, Katuya Matuura, Yoshihisa Sato,Norimasa Iida,Mina Nishi

自動車技術会関東支部2015年度学術研究講演会 (千葉大学西千葉キャンパス) ,

2015.03

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

The supercharge downsizing of the engine become easy to raise a Low Speed Pre-Ignition at the time supercharge and high compression ratio. Therefore it jets the fuel which is in a liquid directly in a combustion chamber, and a technique to lower gas temperature by evaporation latent heat, and to prevent a Low Speed Pre-Ignition is important. Direct injection system makes heterogeneous air-fuel mixture This study show that investigation of the influence that the heterogeneous air-fuel mixture gives for auto-ignition and the relationship between heterogeneous air-fuel mixture and the Low Speed Pre-Ignition.

Investigation into influence that the non-homogeneity of local fuel levels in the HCCI engine gives for combustion- Fuel levels distribution measurement using the LIF method -

Shuichi Konno, Hiroshi Mizokami, Norimasa Iida, Mina Nishi

自動車技術会関東支部2014年度学術研究講演会 (千葉大学西千葉キャンパス) ,

2015.03

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

HCCI engine has a problem that knocking rises at high load. It is necessary to scatter reaction time of the pre-air-fuel mixture every local site in the combustion chamber as this solution technique.As the technique, heterogeneous aeration of the fuel has been performed and a reduction effect of the pressure rate of climb at the time of the HCCI combustion has been inspected. LIF method has been performed for a measurement of the fuel levels distribution in this study and investigated fuel density distribution from intensity of fluorescence in the fuel homogeneous technique, fuel heterogeneity aeration technique and performed the comparison with the firing combustion process.

Numerical simulation about the carbon deposition of the internal steam reforming of solid oxide fuel cell

Kenshi Nishikawa, Mina Nishi, Iida Norimasa

自動車技術会関東支部2014年度学術研究講演会 (千葉大学西千葉キャンパス) ,

2015.03

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

Steam reforming is an endothermic reaction and needs high-temperature heat source. SOFC can make direct internal reforming possible, since its operation temperature is very high as 973.15 to 1273.15K and it brings out steam reforming inside the fuel cell using exhaust heat. However the direct internal reforming has a problem that the carbon deposition occurs at the anode, and it causes lowering of operating voltage. In this study, we reproduce the microstructure of the SOFC anode theoretically, and find out the condition for the carbon deposition by reproducing steam reforming on the Ni surface using numerical calculation with elementary reactions.

An Analysis of the Cycle-to-Cycle IMEP Variation on the HCCI Engine with Rebreathing EGR system

Takahiro　Kinoshita，Yuta　Kugimachi，Dong-Won　Jung，Mina　Nishi，Norimasa　Iida

自動車技術会関東支部2015年度学術研究講演会 (千葉大学西千葉キャンパス) ,

2015.03

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) engine has a problem that knocking occurs by the sharp pressure rising at the time of high IMEP driving. Knocking can be avoided by retarding combustion phasing. But when　the phase was delayed excessively, combustion become unstable.This study is researching the cycle-to-cycle IMEP variation by retarding CA50, using system of Rebreathing EGR and External EGR. Fluctuation of REGR gas temperature and mass is the factor of the IMEP variation. And the reintroduction period of EEGR gas have relation to the cyclical variation.

An analysis using numerical simulation of elementary reaction about the influence that split injection in PCCI engine gives in a combustion process

Keiichi Yamazaki, Hiroki Ikeda, Mina Nishi, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会関東支部2014年度学術研究講演会 (千葉大学西千葉キャンパス) ,

2015.03

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

PCCI engine is expected that can reduce PM and the NOx emissions. Furthermore, a new combustion concept that also reduces hydrocarbon emissions and the combustion noise by split fuel injection is reported. In this paper, we analyzed the influence that split fuel injection in the PCCI engine gave in combustion phase using elementary reaction numerical calculation. In addition, we tried the identification of the chemical species and elementary reactions which became the big factor to affect the heat release. The results show that the ignition timing become earlier so that there is much fuel which reacted during low temperature oxidation reaction period.

Ignition Delay Prediction model for Controlling Multiple Diesel Injections

Akira Kojima, Shoma Tsuboi, Mina Nishi, Iida Norimasa, Yodai Yamazaki, Ryo Hasegawa

自動車技術会関東支部2014年度学術研究講演会 (千葉大学西千葉キャンパス) ,

2015.03

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

This paper outlines single diesel injection model for model-based engine control system. For reducing calculation load, the model is discretized one cycle into six stages. In order to develop the single injection model to multiple-injection model, new ignition delay prediction model has been developed. The new model can express advanced ignition for pilot and pre injections. Applying new ignition delay model to single injection model, the improvement of the ignition delay prediction accuracy for advanced ignition has been confirmed.

Discrete Dynamics Model for Diesel Combustion : 2nd report : Expansion of the Model to Multi-Injection(Two-Stage Injection)

Fumiya SHIMIZU, Kazuma YASUDA, Yudai YAMASAKI, Shigehiko KANEKO, Yusuke NAKAMURA, Norimasa IIDA and Ryo HASEGAWA

第25回内燃機関シンポジウム (（独）産業技術総合研究所) ,

2014.11

Oral presentation (general), 一般社団法人日本機械学会

従来ディーゼルエンジン制御は，実験的に作成されたエンジンの運転制御マップに従って行われていた．しかし，制御自由度増加によるマップ作成のための実験工数の増加，過渡運転での規制対応も考えると，マップに基づくエンジン制御は限界に近づいている．このような背景のもと，事前の実験回数を削減し，かつ過渡運転や様々な環境変化に対して柔軟に対応できるよう，モデルを利用したエンジン制御システムの検討が活発に行われている．モデルは現在までに様々な用途，種類のものが構築されてきた．しかしながら，計算速度の観点から，これらのモデルをECUに実装し，種々のエンジンの状態量から筒内の着火および燃焼をオンボード予測することや，制御則構築に有用な情報を提供するには至っていない．本研究では，ECUへの実装を見据え，エンジンの1サイクルを離散的に扱うことで，計算の高速化を図ったオンボード用ディーゼル燃焼モデルの構築を行う．

Analysis for Cause of Knocking in SI Engine based on Livengood-Wu Integral and Numerical Calculation

Keito NEGORO, Yuichi SEKI, Mina NISHI, Norimasa IIDA, Yoshihisa SATO and Katsuya MATSUURA

第25回内燃機関シンポジウム (（独）産業技術総合研究所) ,

2014.11

Oral presentation (general), 一般社団法人日本機械学会

S I エンジンにおけるノッキング要因を調査するためにL i v e n g o o d － W u 積分および素反応数
値計算を用いた解析を行った．1 5 0 0 r p m ではL i v e n g o o d － W u 積分とノッキング強度の相関係数は0 . 1 2 1 となり， 3 0 0 0 r p mでは0 . 5 2 0 となった． 1 5 0 0 r p m のサイクルについて素反応数値計算を用いて自着火タイミングとノッキング強度の相関を取ると，相関係数は- 0 . 3 6 6 となり，実験から得た相関係数よりも向上したものの， 3 0 0 0 r p m の実験における相関係数よりも低い結果となり，ノッキ
ングの要因解析を行うには十分ではない．

An Investigation of Controlling Two-peak Heat Release Rate for Combustion Noise Reduction in Split-injection PCCI Engine using Numerical Calculation

Hiroki Ikeda, Hiroshi Kuzuyama, Tsutomu Umehara, Takayuki Fuyuto, Norimasa Iida

2014SETC (Small Engine Technology Conference) (Palazzo dei Congressi; Pisa, Italy) ,

2014.11

Oral presentation (general), JSAE/SAE

A combustion method called Noise Cancelling Spike (NC-Spike) Combustion is able to reduce combustion noise in pre-mixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) with split injection. This NC-Spike Combustion uses interference of the following “spike” of pressure rise (heat release) on the preceding peak of pressure rise. The overall combustion noise was reduced by lowering the maximum frequency component of the noise spectrum. The period of this frequency is two times of the time interval between the two peaks of the pressure rise rate. This maximum load range of conventional PCCI combustion is limited by the combustion noise, since the maximum pressure rise rate increases as the amount of injected fuel increases. In this paper, we investigates feasibility and controllability of the two-peak heat release rate during high temperature heat release by adding fuel in the adiabatic compression process of pre-mixed gas. The results show that the certain fuel addition timing generates the second heat release, and the interval of peak heat release rate could be controlled.

A Potentiality of Dedicated EGR in SI Engines Fueled by Natural Gas for Improving Thermal Efficiency and Reducing NOx Emissions

Sejun Lee, Kyohei Ozaki, Takahiro Sako, Norimasa Iida

2014SETC (Small Engine Technology Conference) (Palazzo dei Congressi; Pisa, Italy) ,

2014.11

Oral presentation (general), JSAE/SAE

In spark ignition (SI) engines, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) can realize reducing NOx emissions and heat loss by the low temperature combustion. However, adjusting the high level of EGR is limited because it incurs decrease of degree of constant volume and cut off flame propagation by the low laminar burning velocity. To improve laminar burning velocity with low flame temperature, numerical analysis of dedicated EGR concept SI engine with various EGR rates was carried out for detail understanding the potential of this concept engine in terms of thermal efficiency and amount of NOx emissions. The results show that Dedicated EGR concept SI engine was able to make higher thermal efficiency than the SI engine without EGR and conventional EGR. NOx emissions was reduced by decrease of the flame temperature while the laminar burning velocity was increased without flame temperature rising due to the influence of H2 and CO that were included in EGR gas as intermediates.

Model-based combustion control of a HCCI engine using cooled EGR and the exhaust rebreathing

Yuta Kugimachi, Yusuke Nakamura, Norimasa Iida

2014SETC (Small Engine Technology Conference) (Palazzo dei Congressi; Pisa, Italy) ,

2014.11

Oral presentation (general), JSAE/SAE

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine has advantages of high thermal efficiency and low emission over the conventional spark ignition engine and compression ignition engine. Although one way to achieve higher loads without knocking in HCCI engine is the combustion phasing retard, it is difficult to control a combustion-phasing since there is no external combustion trigger for controlling ignition like spark ignition and diesel fuel injection. In addition, recent researches show that too much combustion-phasing retard leads to unacceptable cycle-to-cycle variation of pressure rise rate and Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP). Thus, it is necessary to develop a HCCI combustion control system to control a combustion-phasing at constant phasing in the expansion stroke accurately to get the high load without knocking. This study investigates the HCCI combustion control system and the algorithm as a means of extending the limit of IMEP of HCCI combustion at high load for realize HCCI engine fuelled with Dimethyl Ether. The result from the model in this study nearly matches with that of experiments for all points and shows accurate traces for each input parameters.

An Investigation on the Auto-ignition of Fuel-air mixture induced by Release of Oil-fuel droplets from Cylinder-liner using Multi-zone model

Yuichi Seki, Keito Negoro, Katsuya Matsuura, Hiroshi Sono, Norimasa Iida

2014SETC (Small Engine Technology Conference) (Palazzo dei Congressi; Pisa, Italy) ,

2014.11

Oral presentation (general), JSAE/SAE

Recent researchers point out that the fuel and the oil are mixed on the cylinder liner and then released from it. During the compression stroke the released droplets reach the auto ignition temperature before flame induced by spark ignition propagate to the spots of droplets, and it is called Pre-ignition. When pre-ignition is occurred, sometimes severe pressure happens and damages the engine severely. This work investigates effects of gas inhomogeneity induced by droplets of fuels and oils on the auto ignition timing and temperature in the direct-injection spark ignition (DISI) engine by means of detailed numerical calculation using multi zone model of CHEMKIN-PRO by changing initial temperature and initial equivalence ratio. In order to assume inhomogeneity in the combustion chamber, 16 zones by multiplying 4 types of equivalence ratio and 4 patterns of temperature is used for detailed numerical calculation. In this study used n-heptane that has to low-temperature oxidation (LTO). Consequently, we found that initial in-cylinder gas pressure affects the auto-ignition of air-fuel mixture and there is possibility to lead to cause Pre-ignition.

Examination of Discrete Dynamics Model for Diesel Combustion and Model-Based Feedback Control System

坪井翔馬, 清水文也, 山崎由大, 長谷川亮, 西美奈, 飯田訓正

自動車技術会2014年秋季学術講演会 (仙台国際センター) ,

2014.10

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

The dynamics model and model-based controller (LQG servo controller) have been constructed to improve performance of diesel engine at transient condition. The input parameters of the dynamics model are injected fuel quantity, injection timing, external EGR ratio and boost pressure. In the model, one cycle is discretized into 7 representative points such as EVC, IVC, fuel injection, ignition, maximum pressure, EVO and IVO. The precision of the prediction of the model and the responsiveness of the controller were checked.

An Analaysis of the mechanism of Pre-ignition in turbo-charged Direct injection spark ignition engines

Yuichi Seki, Keito Negoro, Yoshihisa Sato, Katsuya Matsuura, Mina Nishi, Norimasa Iida

自動車技術会2014年秋季学術講演会 (仙台国際センター) ,

2014.10

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

TRecent researchers point out that the fuel and the oil are mixed on the cylinder liner and then released from it. During the compression stroke the released droplets reach the auto ignition temperature before flame induced by spark ignition propagate to the spots of droplets, and it is called Pre-ignition. When pre-ignition is occurred, sometimes severe pressure happens and damages the engine severely. This work investigates effects of gas inhomogeneity induced by droplets of fuels and oils on the auto ignition timing and temperature in the direct-injection spark ignition (DISI) engine by means of detailed numerical calculation using multi zone model of CHEMKIN-PRO by changing initial temperature and initial equivalence ratio. In order to assume inhomogeneity in the combustion chamber, 16 zones by multiplying 4 types of equivalence ratio and 4 patterns of temperature is used for detailed numerical calculation. In this study used n-heptane that has to low-temperature oxidation (LTO). Consequently, we found that initial in-cylinder gas pressure affects the auto-ignition of air-fuel mixture and there is possibility to lead to cause Pre-ignition.

A Computational Study of the Effects of Initial Conditions on DME Autoignition Characteristics

Ocktaeck Lim, Narankhuu Jamsran, Norimasa Iida

ICAE2014: International Conference on Applied Energy (Taipei, Taiwan) ,

2014.06

Oral presentation (general), Elsevier Int. Journal, Applied Energy

A Power Generation Study Based on Operating Parameters of the Linear Engine Using a Powerpack

Ocktaeck Lim, Nguyen Ba Hung, Norimasa Iida

ICAE2014: International Conference on Applied Energy (Taipei, Taiwan) ,

2014.06

Oral presentation (general), Elsevier Int. Journal, Applied Energy

Effects of DME-Methanol Concentrations on HCCI Combustion Characteristics

Hyo won Lee, Ock Taeck LIM, Iida Norimasa

自動車技術会2014年春季学術講演会 (パシフィコ横浜) ,

2014.05

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

In Dimethyl Ether(DME) indirect production processes, DME have a reforming process to separate Methanol. DME has a high cetane number and Methanol has a high octane number. Each fuel has a different combustion characteristics and reactivity. So, this paper was investigated on the combustion characteristics of DME and Methanol. Basically, Methanol has an effect of retarding ignition. However, Within 10% of total carbon mole number in DME, Methanol slightly changed the onset timing of Low Temperature Reaction (LTR) with increasing thermal-ignition preparation range. It means that controlling combustion phasing of DME can be possible without eliminated LTR. In case of IMEP(Indicated Mean Effective Pressure), the highest IMEP was shown within 10% of total carbon mole number in DME

An investigation of controlling heat release rate for reducing noise in split-injection

Hiroki Ikeda, Shota Ito, Norimasa Iida, Hiroshi Kuzuyama, Tsutomu Umehara, Takayuki Fuyuto

自動車技術会2014年春季学術講演会 (パシフィコ横浜) ,

2014.05

Oral presentation (general), 公益社団法人自動車技術会

A combustion method called Noise Cancelling Spike (NC-Spike) Combustion has been reported in the co-author’s previous paper, which reduces combustion noise in pre-mixed charge compression ignition with split injection. The overall combustion noise was reduced by lowering the maximum frequency component of the noise spectrum. In this paper, we investigates feasibility and controllability of the two-peak heat release rate during high temperature heat release by adding fuel in the adiabatic compression process of pre-mixed gas. The results show that the certain fuel addition timing generates the second heat release, and the interval of peak heat release rate could be controlled.

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