研究者詳細 - 武林　亨

論文 - 武林　亨

分割表示 208 件中 101 - 120 件目／全件表示 >>

Hearing Handicap Predicts the Development of Depressive Symptoms After 3 Years in Older Community-Dwelling Japanese

武林　亨

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY 58 （ 1 ） 93 - 97 2010年01月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, ISSN 0002-8614

Access to Document (DOI)

Relation of gamma-glutamyltransferase and alcohol drinking with incident diabetes

Hozawa Atsushi, Okamura Tomonori, Tanaka Taichiro, Miura Katsuyuki, Kikuchi Yuriko, Kadowaki Takashi, Yoshita Katsushi, Takebayashi Toru, Tamaki Junko, Minai Junko, Tada Takayo, Chiba Nagako, Okayama Akira, Ueshima Hirotsugu

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 17 （ 2 ） 195 - 202 2010年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 1340-3478

Aim: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is known to correlate well with alcohol consumption; however, the relation between GGT and diabetes and that between alcohol consumption and diabetes mellitus (DM) is inconsistent. Thus, several questions, such as whether light to moderate drinkers can be considered as low risk for diabetes incidence irrespective of their GGT level, is unresolved. In this study, we investigated the relation of GGT or alcohol drinking with DM incidence considering the body mass index (BMI) in healthy Japanese workers. Methods: We followed 3095 men who did not have DM at baseline for 4 years. Incident diabetes was defined as a fasting (non-fasting) plasma glucose level of ≥7.0 (11.1) mmol/L, or treatment of diabetes. Multiple adjusted hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using Cox proportional models. Results: Participants with higher GGT (GGT ≥27 IU/L) showed an increased risk of diabetes incidence even when their BMI level was low. Although a U-shaped relation between alcohol drinking and incident diabetes was observed, the risk to light to moderate drinkers (alcohol <23 g/day) was not low if they were either overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) or had higher GGT (HR= 2.60, p= 0.08) or both overweight and higher GGT (HR= 3.16, p= 0.07) compared with never drinkers without higher GGT and overweight. Conclusions: Higher GGT was associated with a higher incidence of DM irrespective of drinking status or obesity. Although a U-shaped relation between alcohol drinking and incident diabetes was observed, the risk to light to moderate drinkers was not low if they were either overweight or had higher GGT.

Prevalence and factors associated with tinnitus

Michikawa Takehiro, Nishiwaki Yuji, Kikuchi Yuriko, Saito Hideyuki, Mizutari Kunio, Okamoto Michiko, Takebayashi Toru

Journal of Epidemiology 20 （ 4 ） 271 - 276 2010年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0917-5040

Background: The prevalence of tinnitus is reported to be high in older Western populations, and several risk factors have been suggested. However, community-based evidence on prevalence is limited and, to our knowledge, there is no such information from older non-Western populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with tinnitus in community-dwelling Japanese elders. Methods: In this community-based cross-sectional study, 1320 residents of Kurabuchi Town aged 65 years or older (584 men and 736 women; participation proportion = 98.7%) were interviewed at home in 2006, and information on tinnitus and factors associated with tinnitus was collected. We estimated the prevalence of tinnitus by age group and sex and used a logistic regression model to investigate associated factors. Results: The prevalence of tinnitus was 18.6% (men: 18.0%; women: 19.0%); there were no statistically significant differences by age group or sex. Hearing difficulty, depressive mood, prescribed medication, past/current history of coronary heart disease, and knee joint pain requiring medical consultation were associated with tinnitus. Conclusions: These findings suggest that tinnitus is common in Japanese aged over 65 years. Because the factors associated with tinnitus in this cross-sectional study are potentially modifiable, they should be thoroughly investigated in a longitudinal study. © 2010 by the Japan Epidemiological Association.

Access to Document (DOI)

Iron intake does not significantly correlate with iron deficiency among young Japanese women

Asakura Keiko, Sasaki Satoshi, Murakami Kentaro, Takahashi Yoshiko, Uenishi Kazuhiro, Yamakawa Miki, Nishiwaki Yuji, Kikuchi Yuriko, Takebayashi Toru, Yamasaki Mitsuyo, Hisatomi Yuko, Soezima Junko, Takedomi Kazumi, Kohri Toshiyuki, Kaba Naoko, Uneoka Etsuko, Hayabuchi Hitomi, Umeki Yoko, Baba Keiko, Suzuki Maiko, Watanabe Reiko, Muramatsu Kanako, Ohki Kazuko, Shiga Seigo, Ebisawa Hidemichi, Fuwa Masako, Watanabe Tomoko, Suzuki Ayuho, Kudo Fumiyo, Shibata Katsumi, Fukuwatari Tsutomu, Hirose Junko, Takahashi Toru, Kato Masako, Goda Toshinao, Ichikawa Yoko, Suzuki Junko, Niida Yoko, Morohashi Satomi, Shimizu Chiaki, Takeuchi Naomi, Oka Jun, Ide Tomoko, Sugiyama Yoshiko, Furuki Mika

Public Health Nutrition 12 （ 9 ） 1373 - 1383 2009年09月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 1368-9800

Objectives: We evaluated the association of nutrient intake with Fe deficiency with regard to lifestyle factors and health condition in young Japanese women. Uniquely among developed countries, dietary habits render Japanese populations vulnerable to Fe deficiency, owing to their relatively low intake of Fe and high intake of Fe absorption inhibitors, such as green tea and soyabeans. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting and subjects: The subjects were 1019 female Japanese dietetic students aged 18-25 years. Dietary habits during the preceding month were assessed using a previously validated, self-administered, diet history questionnaire. Blood analysis was performed to assess body Fe status. Subjects were categorized with Fe deficiency when their serum ferritin levels were <12 ng/ml. Twenty-nine dietary variables, i.e. intakes of energy, sixteen nutrients including Fe and twelve food groups, were analysed using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for possible confounders. Results: Of the subjects, 24.5 % were categorized with Fe deficiency. However, no dietary factors assessed were significantly associated with Fe deficiency. The risk of Fe deficiency was significantly lower in women with infrequent or no menstrual cycles than in those with regular cycles (OR = 0.58; 95 % CI 0.34, 1.00) and significantly higher in women with heavy menstrual flow than in women with average flow, albeit that these were self-reported (OR = 1.83; 95 % CI 1.35, 2.48). Conclusions: These results suggest that dietary habits, including Fe intake, do not significantly correlate with Fe deficiency among young Japanese women. © The Authors 2008.

Access to Document (DOI)

One-leg standing test for elderly populations

Michikawa Takehiro, Nishiwaki Yuji, Takebayashi Toru, Toyama Yoshiaki

Journal of Orthopaedic Science 14 （ 5 ） 675 - 685 2009年09月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0949-2658

Background: The one-leg standing (OLS) test is one of the balance tests used to diagnose musculoskeletal ambulation disability symptom complex (MARS), a condition newly defined by three professional Japanese medical societies in 2006 to help identify the symptoms of motor organ deterioration and establish preventive strategies. Although many studies have used the OLS test, none has shown conclusively that the test can be used as a practical marker of frailty among elderly people, especially in community settings. Based on the type of epidemiological study - i.e., descriptive epidemiology and analytical epidemiology (observational and intervention studies) - we reviewed evidence on three fundamental issues related to the OLS test: (1) testing procedures and reference values; (2) the associations between the OLS time and negative events; (3) improvement of the OLS time by intervention. These issues are key to any discussion of whether the OLS test can be used as a practical marker for predicting frailty in community-dwelling elderly populations. Methods: Articles were collected from MEDLINE databases using the search terms "one- leg standing" and the other names included in the same category. Results: Because various procedures are used to carry out the OLS test, the measured values for the OLS time varied widely from study to study. Some observational studies showed that the OLS time is related to negative events such as falls, declines in activity of daily living, and other morbidity. OLS times could be improved by several interventions. Conclusions: This review suggests that the OLS test can be a tool for predicting frailty in community-dwelling elderly populations. However, our review should be interpreted with caution because we did not confirm the evidence level of each of the studies we selected. Further research on this topic is needed. © 2009 The Japanese Orthopaedic Association.

Access to Document (DOI)

Trichloroethylene liver toxicity in mouse and rat

Sano Yuri, Nakashima Hiroshi, Yoshioka Noriyuki, Etho Norihito, Nomiyama Tetsuo, Nishiwaki Yuji, Takebayashi Toru, Oame Kazuyuki

Archives of Toxicology 83 （ 9 ） 835 - 849 2009年09月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0340-5761

Trichloroethylene (TCE), an industrial organic solvent found in the environment, is a known carcinogen in laboratory animals and is believed to be carcinogenic in humans. Its carcinogenicity is subject to species-specific differences in biological activity, causing hepatocellular carcinoma in mouse and renal-cell carcinoma in rat. We have sought to better understand TCE's mode of action (MOA) by studying the alterations in gene expression profiles of liver in mice and rats that were administrated TCE by oral gavage either once or daily for 14 days. Microarray analysis revealed distinct transcriptional profiles and differences in biological pathways not only species-specific, but also pulse-dose effects within each species. For example, inhibition of the TGF-β pathway and activation of MAPK signaling were specific to mice repeatedly exposed to TCE. A better understanding of the MOA in mice and rats will lead to better hypotheses of TCE's affect on humans. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

Access to Document (DOI)

Lifestyle factors and visible skin aging in a population of Japanese elders

Asakura Keiko, Nishiwaki Yuji, Milojevic Ai, Michikawa Takehiro, Kikuchi Yuriko, Nakano Makiko, Iwasawa Satoko, Hillebrand Greg, Miyamoto Kukizo, Ono Masaji, Kinjo Yoshihide, Akiba Suminori, Takebayashi Toru

Journal of Epidemiology 19 （ 5 ） 251 - 259 2009年08月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0917-5040

Background: The number of studies that use objective and quantitative methods to evaluate facial skin aging in elderly people is extremely limited, especially in Japan. Therefore, in this cross-sectional study we attempted to characterize the condition of facial skin (hyperpigmentation, pores, texture, and wrinkling) in Japanese adults aged 65 years or older by using objective and quantitative imaging methods. In addition, we aimed to identify lifestyle factors significantly associated with these visible signs of aging. Methods: The study subjects were 802 community-dwelling Japanese men and women aged at least 65 years and living in the town of Kurabuchi (Takasaki City, Gunma Prefecture, Japan), a mountain community with a population of approximately 4800. The facial skin condition of subjects was assessed quantitatively using a standardized facial imaging system and subsequent computer image analysis. Lifestyle information was collected using a structured questionnaire. The association between skin condition and lifestyle factors was examined using multivariable regression analysis. Results: Among women, the mean values for facial texture, hyperpigmentation, and pores were generally lower than those among age-matched men. There was no significant difference between sexes in the severity of facial wrinkling. Older age was associated with worse skin condition among women only. After adjusting for age, smoking status and topical sun protection were significantly associated with skin condition among both men and women. Conclusions: Our study revealed significant differences between sexes in the severity of hyperpigmentation, texture, and pores, but not wrinkling. Smoking status and topical sun protection were significantly associated with signs of visible skin aging in this study population. © 2009 by the Japan Epidemiological Association.

Access to Document (DOI)

Serum Levels of Retinol and Other Antioxidants for Hearing Impairment Among Japanese Older Adults

武林　亨

JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 64 （ 8 ） 910 - 915 2009年08月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, ISSN 1079-5006

Access to Document (DOI)

A cross-sectional observation of effect of exposure to N-Methyl-2- Pyrrolidone (NMP) on workers' health

Nishimura Shigeru, Yasui Hirohiko, Miyauchi Hiroyuki, Kikuchi Yuriko, Kondo Nami, Takebayashi Toru, Tanaka Shigeru, Mikoshiba Yuko, Omae Kazuyuki, Nomiyama Tetsuo

Industrial Health 47 （ 4 ） 355 - 362 2009年07月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0019-8366

This study was aimed at clarifying the effect of exposure to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) on workers' health. Fifteen male NMP-exposed workers and 15 referent male workers were recruited for this study. Exposure concentrations were assessed by determining NMP in the breathing zones and urinary NMP. Clinical examinations, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities in the dominant arm, and neurobehavioral tests were carried out. The subjects were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires for subjective symptoms and psychological assessment. The mean NMP exposure concentrations ranged from 0.14 to 0.26 ppm, and urinary NMP levels at the end of each workday ranged from 0.17 to 0.22 mg/l, throughout the work week. In terms of clinical data, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities, neurobehavioral tests, and subjective symptom assessments, there were no differences and no dose-dependent changes in either the means or the prevalence of abnormal findings between NMP-exposed and referent workers.

Access to Document (DOI)

Serum Antioxidants and Age-related Macular Degeneration among Older Japanese

Michikawa Takehiro, Ishida Susumu, Nishiwaki Yuji, Kikuchi Yuriko, Tsuboi Tazuru, Hosoda Kanae, Ishigami Ai, Iwasawa Satoko, Nakano Makiko, Takebayashi Toru

Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 18 （ 1 ） 1 - 7 2009年03月

ISSN 0964-7058

From the perspective of human nutrition, the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through diet control is feasible and desirable. We investigated the relationship between serum antioxidants and AMD in the community-dwelling older Japanese eating a typical Japanese diet. In this study, 722 subjects aged 65 years or older (297 males and 425 females) who had gradable fundus photographs were included. The subjects were divided into three groups of early or late AMD or non-maculopathy. Serum antioxidants (alpha-, gammatocopherols, retinol, beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-, beta-carotenes, lycopene, and lutein and zeaxanthin) were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. To clarify the combined effect as the group of the antioxidants, we defined the carotene family (alpha-, beta-carotenes and lycopene) and carotenoid family (betacryptoxanthin, alpha-, beta-carotenes, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin). Tertiles of each serum antioxidant were obtained and the prevalence of early or late AMD was compared with univariate or multivariate analysis. The overall prevalence of early AMD was 4.4% (95% confidence interval: 3.1-6.2) and late AMD was 1.1% (0.5-2.2). Only alpha-tocopherol and beta-cryptoxanthin were related to late AMD as single antioxidants. On the other hand, the carotene and carotenoid families as a combination of antioxidants were protectively associated with late AMD. No relationship was found between serum antioxidants and early AMD. Our findings support the hypothesis that a combination of serum antioxidants obtained from the traditional Japanese diet is protective for late AMD, but not for early AMD.

Effects of SO₂ on respiratory system of adult miyakejima resident 2 years after returning to the Island

Iwasawa Satoko, Kikuchi Yuriko, Nishiwaki Yuji, Nakano Makiko, Michikawa Takehiro, Tsuboi Tazuru, Tanaka Shigeru, Uemura Takamoto, Ishigami Ai, Nakashima Hiroshi, Takebayashi Toru, Adachi Mitsuru, Morikawa Akihiro, Maruyama Kouichi, Kudo Shoji, Uchiyama Iwao, Omae Kazuyuki

Journal of Occupational Health 51 （ 1 ） 38 - 47 2009年01月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 1341-9145

Background: Mt. Oyama in Miyakejima Island erupted in June, 2000. All Miyake villagers were forced to evacuate from the island in September, 2000, due to continuous eruptions and emissions of unsafe amounts of volcanic gas, mainly SO₂. From February, 2005, Miyake villagers returned to the island despite volcanic gas still being emitted. Objectives: This study examines the 2-yr changes in Miyake residents' respiratory systems from autumn 2004 to November 2006. Methods: The study population was 823 Miyake adult residents who participated in the health check-up in 2006. Respiratory effects were evaluated by a questionnaire for respiratory symptoms and spirometry. SO₂ has been continuously monitored at 7 sampling points of the inhabited area. The mean SO₂ concentration from February 2005 to November 2006 was 0.031 ppm. The area was categorized into 4 areas by SO₂ concentration, namely, areas L, H-1, H-2 and H-3, where average SO₂ concentrations were 0.019, 0.026, 0.032, and 0.045 ppm, respectively. Results: The study subjects showed no deterioration in lung function. Prevalence of cough and phlegm among all participants were significantly higher in 2006 than in 2004, and age-, sex- and smoking-adjusted odds ratios of cough and phlegm were 1.75 (95%CI 1.33- 2.30) and 1.44 (1.12-1.87). Prevalence of chronic bronchitis-like symptoms among normosusceptive subjects in 2006 was 4.1% which was significantly higher than that of 2.1% in 2004 (p=0.035). Compared to area L, the frequencies of phlegm and irritation of the nose were significantly increased in areas H-2 and H-3. Conclusion: SO₂ exposure-related respiratory symptoms were observed in adult Miyakejima residents after returning to the island.

Access to Document (DOI)

Gender-specific associations of vision and hearing impairments with adverse health outcomes in older Japanese

Michikawa Takehiro, Nishiwaki Yuji, Kikuchi Yuriko, Nakano Makiko, Iwasawa Satoko, Asakura Keiko, Milojevic Ai, Mizutari Kunio, Saito Hideyuki, Ishida Susumu, Okamura Tomonori, Takebayashi Toru

BMC Geriatrics 9 （ 1 ） 2009年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 1471-2318

Background. Several epidemiological studies have shown that self-reported vision and hearing impairments are associated with adverse health outcomes (AHOs) in older populations; however, few studies have used objective sensory measurements or investigated the role of gender in this association. Therefore, we examined the association of vision and hearing impairments (as measured by objective methods) with AHOs (dependence in activities of daily living or death), and whether this association differed by gender. Methods. From 2005 to 2006, a total of 801 residents (337 men and 464 women) aged 65 years or older of Kurabuchi Town, Gunma, Japan, participated in a baseline examination that included vision and hearing assessments; they were followed up through September 2008. Vision impairment was defined as a corrected visual acuity of worse than 0.5 (logMAR = 0.3) in the better eye, and hearing impairment was defined as a failure to hear a 30 dB hearing level signal at 1 kHz in the better ear. Information on outcomes was obtained from the town hall and through face-to-face home visit interviews. We calculated the risk ratios (RRs) of AHOs for vision and hearing impairments according to gender. Results. During a mean follow-up period of 3 years, 34 men (10.1%) and 52 women (11.3%) had AHOs. In both genders, vision impairment was related to an elevated risk of AHOs (multi-adjusted RR for men and women together = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.05-2.44), with no statistically significant interaction between the genders. In contrast, a significant association between hearing impairment and AHOs (multi-adjusted RR = 3.10, 95% CI = 1.43-6.72) was found only in the men. Conclusion. In this older Japanese population, sensory impairments were clearly associated with AHOs, and the association appeared to vary according to gender. Gender-specific associations between sensory impairments and AHOs warrant further investigation. © 2009 Michikawa et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Access to Document (DOI)

Effects of the CYP2D6*10 alleles and co-medication with CYP2D6-dependent drugs on risperidone metabolism in patientswith schizophrenia

Yagihashi Tatsuhiko, Mizuno Masafumi, Chino Bun, Sato Yuji, Sakuma Kei, Takebayashi Toru, Takao Takahashi, Kosaki Kenjiro

Human Psychopharmacology 24 （ 4 ） 301 - 308 2009年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0885-6222

Objective: Risperidone is converted to 9-hydroxyrisperidone by CYP2D6. Two parameters were used to examine the influences of CYP2D6 polymorphism and of co-medication on risperidone metabolism: the risperidone:9-hydroxyrisperidone concentration ratio (R:9-OHR ratio) and the sum of the risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone concentrations divided by the dose (C:D ratio). We evaluated the effect of the CYP2D6*10 allele, which is a prevalent mutant allele among East Asians. Methods: Genotyping using the P450 microarray system was performed for 89 Japanese patients with schizophrenia receiving risperidone. The patients with CYP2D6*1/*1, *1 /*2, or *2/*2 were classified as Group 1, those with one CYP2D6a10 allele (CYP2D6*1/2,10 or *2/*10) were classified as Group 2, and those with two CYP2D6,10 alleles were classified as Group 3. The R:9-OHR and C:D ratios were analyzed using two-way ANOVAs with the CYP2D6 genotype and co-medication with CYP2D6-dependent drugs as independent variables. Results: Both the "genotype" and the "co-medication" factors had significant impacts on the R:9-OHR ratio (p=0.011, p<0.001). The "genotype" factor also had a significant impact on the C:D ratio (p=0.032). However, the "co-medication" factor did not have a significant impact on the C:D ratio (p=0.129). Conclusions: The CYP2D6*10 polymorphism and the presence of co-medication exerted significant influences on the pharmacokinetics of risperidone. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Access to Document (DOI)

The taste of salt measured by a simple test and blood pressure in Japanese women and men

Michikawa Takehiro, Nishiwaki Yuji, Okamura Tomonor, Asakura Keiko, Nakano Makiko, Takebayashi Toru

Hypertension Research 32 （ 5 ） 399 - 403 2009年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0916-9636

Salt intake is an important risk factor for hypertension. Because it has been reported that increased salt intake dulls the taste of salt, measuring the sense of taste might be a good way of identifying individuals who consume excessive salt. Using a recently developed simple salt taste test, we investigated the relationship between the taste of salt and blood pressure. The subjects in this cross-sectional study were 823 Japanese adults (479 women and 344 men) 40 years old or older. Following a taste test with salt-impregnated taste strips, the subjects were divided into two groups: normal (recognition threshold of salt at <1.0% concentration) and taste impaired (≥1.0%). We determined hypertension from the measured blood pressure. In women, the multi-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of hypertension in the impaired group was 2.47 (1.53-3.99) compared with the normal group, whereas no significant difference was observed between the two male groups. When we excluded subjects with moderate and severe hypertension, similar findings were observed. A sub-analysis of couples living alone showed a higher prevalence of hypertension among men whose wives were in the impairment group (58.8%) than in the normal group (36.7%, P=0.10). In conclusion, the taste of salt is associated with blood pressure in Japanese women, but not in men. Because most family meals in Japan are prepared by women, educating women about salt reduction may contribute to the prevention of hypertension, not only among women but also among their husbands and family members.

Access to Document (DOI)

Prevalence of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Japan

Asakura Keiko, Nishiwaki Yuji, Inoue Nagamu, Hibi Toshifumi, Watanabe Mamoru, Takebayashi Toru

Journal of Gastroenterology 44 （ 7 ） 659 - 665 2009年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0944-1174

Purpose: The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases is much lower in Asian countries, including Japan, than in Western countries, but it is rapidly increasing. However, no recent reports describe the current prevalence of these diseases in Japan, so we performed a descriptive epidemiological study to remedy this situation and to elucidate various characteristics of inflammatory bowel diseases in this country. Methods: Japan has a nationwide registration system of patients with intractable diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. To calculate the age-standardized prevalence, we used this registration system to collect patient data, and we obtained detailed population data from the Japanese government's population estimates made in 2003 and 2004 and from the 2005 population census. In addition, information about the characteristics of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients was collected through the registration system. Results: The age-standardized prevalence of ulcerative colitis in Japan in 2005 was 63.6 per 100,000 persons, and that of Crohn's disease was 21.2. Patient numbers have been steadily increasing with time. The age distribution was found to differ between the two diseases, with Crohn's disease affecting mainly younger people. In both diseases, more than 50% of the patients were male, and over 80% of the patients were classified as mild to moderate in terms of severity. Conclusions: The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases in Japan is still much lower than in Western countries. Surveillance should be continued, and research to clarify their etiologies in association with the increasing number of patients in Japan is needed. © Springer 2009.

Access to Document (DOI)

Japan Ministry of Health Study on Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease Among Japanese High School Students

武林亨

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 146 （ 6 ） 925 - 929 2008年12月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, ISSN 0002-9394

Access to Document (DOI)

Adipose endocrine function, insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, and exceptional survival beyond 100 years of age

Arai Yasumichi, Takayama Michiyo, Gondo Yasuyuki, Inagaki Hiroki, Yamamura Ken, Nakazawa Susumu, Kojima Toshio, Ebihara Yoshinori, Shimizu Kenichirou, Masui Yukie, Kitagawa Koji, Takebayashi Toru, Hirose Nobuyoshi

Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 63 （ 11 ） 1209 - 1218 2008年11月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 1079-5006

Background. Observational studies have demonstrated similarities between the underpinning of frailty and biological features of centenarians, suggesting that adaptability to age-related multiple physiological decline may be a core component of successful aging. The aim of this study is to determine whether hormonal pathways potentially involved in energy homeostasis contribute to survival beyond 100 years of age. Methods. We assessed a total of 252 centenarians (mean [standard deviation (SD)] age, 101.5 (1.8) years, range 100-108 years) using a complete set of biomarkers of adipose endocrine function and the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis. Conventional risk factors at baseline were also assessed. The participants were followed up for all-cause mortality every 12 months by telephone contact. Results. During 2253 days of follow-up, 208 centenarians (82.5%) died. The lowest tertile of leptin and the highest tertile of tumor necrosis factor-α were associated with higher mortality risk among centenarians after adjusting for age (per 6-month increase), sex, education, smoking, activities of daily living (ADL), cognitive function, and comorbidities (hazard ratio [HR] 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-2.35; and HR 1.45; 95% CI, 1.00-2.08, respectively). The lowest tertiles of both IGF-1 and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) were also associated with increased mortality. The adipose risk score, indicating cumulative effects of adipokine dysregulation, was strongly associated with increased mortality risk; ADL; cognitive function; and levels of albumin, cholinesterase, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and IGF-1 at baseline. Conclusions. The results suggested that preservation of adipose endocrine function and the IGF-1 axis may be potentially important for maintaining health and function and promoting survival at an extremely old age. Copyright 2008 by The Gerontological Society of America.

Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease among Japanese Visual Display Terminal Users

Uchino Miki, Schaumberg Debra A., Dogru Murat, Uchino Yuichi, Fukagawa Kazumi, Shimmura Shigeto, Satoh Toshihiko, Takebayashi Toru, Tsubota Kazuo

Ophthalmology 115 （ 11 ） 1982 - 1988 2008年11月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0161-6420

Objective: To determine the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) and risk factors among young and middle-aged Japanese office workers using visual display terminals (VDTs). Design: Cross-sectional prevalence survey. Participants: Four thousand three hundred ninety-three Japanese young and middle-aged office workers using VDTs. Intervention: Office workers completed questionnaires sent by e-mail designed to detect dry eye diagnosis and risk factors. Main Outcome Measures: Clinically diagnosed DED was defined as the presence of a previous clinical diagnosis of DED by dry eye specialists or severe symptoms of DED (both dryness and irritation constantly or often). Current symptoms of DED and possible risk factors such as age, duration of VDT use, type of VDT work, environmental factors, presence of systemic diseases, systemic medicine use, smoking history, and contact lens (CL) use were the main outcome measures. We used logistic regression to examine associations between DED and other demographic factors. Results: Of the 4393 office workers, 3549 (80.1%) completed the questionnaire. Clinically diagnosed DED was present in 266 (10.1%) of 2640 male subjects and in 195 (21.5%) of 909 female subjects. Severe symptoms of DED were observed in 711 male and in 436 female participants. More than 4 hours of VDT use was associated with an increased risk of DED (odds ratio [OR], 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-2.02). In addition, CL use (OR, 3.91; 95% CI, 3.37-4.53) increased the risk of severe dry eye symptoms. Conclusions: Dry eye disease leading to a clinical diagnosis or severe symptoms is prevalent among young and middle-aged Japanese office workers. The condition is more prevalent among females, CL wearers, and prolonged VDT users. Relevant measures directed against the modifiable risks could provide a positive impact on public health and quality of life of office workers. Financial Disclosure(s): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article. © 2008 American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Access to Document (DOI)

Gender difference in the relationships between vision and hearing impairments and negative well-being

Harada Sei, Nishiwaki Yuji, Michikawa Takehiro, Kikuchi Yuriko, Iwasawa Satoko, Nakano Makiko, Ishigami Ai, Saito Hideyuki, Takebayashi Toru

Preventive Medicine 47 （ 4 ） 433 - 437 2008年10月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 0091-7435

Objectives: To evaluate the association of hearing impairment, vision impairment and their combination (dual sensory impairment) with negative well-being such as depression, subjective poor health and the reduced functional ability in community-dwelling older adults, and to determine whether any association varies by gender. Methods: Between 2005 and 2006, we objectively examined vision and hearing impairment (using best-corrected visual acuity and pure-tone audiometric test) in 843 people aged 65 years and older (351 males, 492 females) in a rural Japanese town. Through a home visit interview survey using a structured questionnaire, we also collected information on depression (the five-item Geriatric Depression Scale), subjective poor health, and reduced functional activity (the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology's Index of Competence). Results: We observed gender differences in the association between sensory impairment and depression. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that hearing impairment in males (adjusted odds ratio: 2.22, 95% confidence interval; 1.07-4.61) and vision impairment in females (1.91, 1.14-3.21) were related to depression. Vision impairment and dual sensory impairment were also associated with subjective poor health and reduced functional activity in both sexes. Conclusions: Sensory impairment is significantly associated with negative well-being in older persons, and its association with depression may differ between males and females. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Access to Document (DOI)

Volcanic sulfur dioxide and acute respiratory symptoms on Miyakejima island

Ishigami A., Kikuchi Y., Iwasawa S., Nishiwaki Y., Takebayashi T., Tanaka S., Omae K.

Occupational and Environmental Medicine 65 （ 10 ） 701 - 707 2008年10月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, ISSN 1351-0711

Objectives: Following a volcanic eruption in 2000, high concentrations of ambient sulfur dioxide (SO₂) are still observed on Miyakejima, Japan despite the reversal 2 years ago of the ban on residents living on the island. This study examines the association between current levels of volcanic SO ₂ and the incidence of acute subjective symptoms in volunteers on Miyakejima. Methods: The authors conducted a follow-up study on 611 healthy volunteers, on a person-hour basis (28 413 person-hours), who visited the island to provide support to residents from February to July 2005. Adverse health symptoms were measured by self-administered diary and exposure was approximated using monitoring data across 14 sites. Associations between incidence rates and increasing SO₂ levels (reference (the lowest), very low, low, middle and high) were examined using Poisson regression. Results: Hourly incidence of cough, scratchy throat, sore throat and breathlessness showed clear exposureresponse relationships with SO₂ concentrations. There were statistically significant risks of those symptoms at relatively low SO ₂ levels. Thus, rate ratios in the 0.6-2.0 ppm exposure band (vs <0.01 ppm) were: for cough, 3.4 (95% Cl 1.8 to 6.6) in men and 9.8 (3.9 to 24.9) in women; for sore throat, 3.2 (1.7 to 6.2) in men and 5.8 (2.0 to 16.5) in women; and for breathlessness, 10.5 (4.2 to 26.6) in men and 18.5 (4.6 to 74.3) in women. Little evidence of SO₂ effects on sputum and nasal discharge/congestion was observed in this study. Eye and skin irritations showed inconsistent results between hourly maximal and hourly mean SO₂ concentrations. Conclusion: The authors observed strong evidence of an exposure-response relationship between volcanic SO₂ and subjective acute respiratory symptoms among a healthy population on Miyakejima. The results are consistent with reports that females and non-smokers are more sensitive to irritant gas than males and smokers, respectively.

Access to Document (DOI)

　前のページ - 次のページ　

武林 亨

論文 - 武林 亨

武林　亨

論文 - 武林　亨