研究発表 - 藤井　進也

音楽の未来 2019

藤井 進也, サベジ パトリック, 徳井 直生, 古屋 晋一, 棚瀬 廉人, 北山 陽一

慶應義塾大学SFCオープンリサーチフォーラム 2019 （東京ミッドタウン・タワー4F カンファレンス） , 

2019年11月

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シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（指名）, 慶應義塾大学湘南藤沢キャンパス ORF実行委員会

　概要を見る

慶應SFCは設立以来、メディアアートやコンピュータミュージックなど、テクノロジーを駆使した音楽文化の創生に寄与してきた。SFC設立から30年が経過した今、「SDGsの次の社会」を展望し、我々はどのような音楽文化を創造すべきなのか。本セッションでは、音楽科学研究者（Scientist）、音楽学者（Musicologist）、ミュージシャン(Musicians)、音楽企業人（Music Industry）一同を招集し、「音楽の未来 ―The Future of Music― 」について議論する。

Human and Automated Judgements of Similarity in a Global Music Sample: A Preliminary Analysis

Shenghao D, Daikoku H, Sanne US, Kinoshita M, Konno R, Kitayama Y, Fujii S, Savage PE

Late-Breaking Demo Session of the 20th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR 2019) （Delft, The Netherlands） , 

2019年11月

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ポスター発表, International Society for Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR)

ミスマッチ陰性電位とリズム能力の関連性についての検討

星野 大, 高橋 雄一, 藤井 進也, 今野 嶺, 刑部 有祐, 野崎 途也, 菅野 和子, 疋田 雅之, 和田 知紘, 森 湧平, 大西 真央, 志賀 哲也, 板垣 俊太郎, 松岡 貴志, 矢部 博興

第49回日本臨床神経生理学会学術大会, 

2019年11月

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ポスター発表

統合失調症に対するリズム改善プログラムがミスマッチ陰性電位に及ぼす影響

高橋 雄一, 星野 大, 刑部 有祐, 吉田 久美, 松本 貴智, 青田 美穂, 今野 嶺, 藤井 進也, 青木 俊太郎, 菅野 和子, 各務 竹康, 森 湧平, 和田 知紘, 志賀 哲也, 疋田 雅之, 板垣 俊太郎, 三浦 至, 大井 直往, 福島 哲仁, 矢部 博興

第49回日本臨床神経生理学会学術大会 （ザ・セレクトン福島, コラッセふくしま） , 

2019年11月

, 

ポスター発表

A Comparison between Auditory and Electrical Muscle Stimulation in Tempo-changing Beat Perception

Konno R, Savage PE, Lopes P, Fujii S

NEUROSCIENCE 2019: Society for Neuroscience (SfN) Annual Meeting （Chicago, IL, USA） , 

2019年10月

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ポスター発表, Society for Neuroscience (SfN)

ストリートダンサーの歩行運動におけるリズム生成の安定性と再現性

山崎 稜一郎, 藤井 進也, 牛山 潤一

日本体育学会第70回大会 （慶應義塾大学日吉キャンパス） , 

2019年09月

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口頭発表（一般）, 日本体育学会

Glutamatergic Neurometabolite Levels in Patients with Severe Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia: A Cross-sectional 3T Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study

Tarumi R, Tsugawa S, Noda Y, Plitman E, Honda S, Matsushita K, Chavez S, Sawada K, Wada M, Matsui M, Fujii S, Miyazaki T, Chakravarty MM, Uchida H, Remington G, Graff-Guerrero A, Mimura M, Nakajima S

The 32nd European College of Neuropsychopharmacology Congress (ECNP2019) （Copenhagen, Denmark） , 

2019年09月

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ポスター発表

fNIRSを用いたビート知覚課題中の脳活動の検討

松木 友理恵, 土元 翔平, 新藤 恵一郎, 新藤 悠子, 丸山 祥, 吉岡 純希, 本多 栞, 菊池 優大, 豊田 愛莉, 今井 瑛子, サベジ パトリック, 藤井 進也

第13回 Motor Control 研究会, 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表

バイノーラル録音技術による和音聴取時の鳥肌感増幅

野見山 菜摘, 友金 ジェイムス, 本多 栞, 石川 友梨, 今野 嶺, 今井 瑛子, サベジ パトリック, 仲谷 正史, 藤井 進也

第13回 Motor Control 研究会 （東京大学 弥生講堂） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表

脳卒中患者の音楽不感症に関する報酬個人差と脳損傷部位の関連性

豊田 愛莉, 新藤 恵一郎, 土元 翔平, 新藤 悠子, 今井 瑛子, 本多 栞, 松木 友理恵, 菊池 優大, サベジ パトリック, 藤井 進也

第13回 Motor Control 研究会 （東京大学 弥生講堂） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表

脳卒中患者における和音知覚の検討

今井 瑛子, 新藤 恵一郎, 土元 翔平, 新藤 悠子, 豊田 愛莉, 本多 栞, 今野 嶺, 菊池 優大, 松木 友理恵, サベジ パトリック, 藤井 進也

第13回 Motor Control 研究会 （東京大学 弥生講堂） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表

日本語版バルセロナ式音楽報酬質問紙を用いた音楽報酬の個人差及び文化差の検討

大石 夏生, 菊池 最愛, 本多 栞, サベジ パトリック, 藤井 進也

第13回 Motor Control 研究会 （東京大学 弥生講堂） , 

2019年08月

, 

ポスター発表

ストリートダンサーの歩行運動におけるリズム生成の安定性

山崎 稜一郎, 藤井 進也, 牛山 潤一

第13回 Motor Control 研究会 （東京大学 弥生講堂） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表

乳児身体運動の可聴化及び四肢運動の検出への取り組み

奥 絢介, 新屋 裕太, 渡辺 はま, 多賀 厳太郎, 藤井 進也

東京大学大学院教育学研究科附属発達保育実践政策学センター(Cedep)公開シンポジウム「発達と保育の本質の探究～人の育ちとそれを支える営みを見つめて～」 （安田講堂, 東京大学本郷キャンパス） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表, 東京大学大学院教育学研究科附属発達保育実践政策学センター(Cedep)

Automatic Comparison of Global Children’s and Adult Songs Supports a Sensorimotor Hypothesis of Scale Origin

Sato S, Fujii S, Savage PE

The 2019 Biennial Meeting of the Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC2019) （New York University, New York City, USA） , 

2019年08月

, 

口頭発表（一般）, Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC)

　概要を見る

Human music throughout the world uses diverse scales, but there are also some commonalities shared throughout much of the world’s scales (Savage et al., 2015, PNAS). Are there musical laws or biological constraints that underlie this diversity? The origin of scales have been based on perceptual theories involv- ing small integer ratio of interval since the time of Pythagoras (Bowling & Purves, 2015, PNAS). However, these theories are generally based on tunable instruments, and some are skeptical as to whether this theory applies to vocal song, recognized as the most ancient and universal instrument of human music. One al- ternative theory is that scales arise not from perceptual constraints regarding integer ratios but instead due to production constraints on how precisely the voice can generate pitches (Pfordresher & Brown, 2017, J. Cognitive Psychology). To investigate this theoretical dispute, we conducted automatic comparative analy- sis of 100 matched children’s and adult songs (n = 50 songs each) from around the world using automated pitch analysis (Six et al., 2013, J. New Music Research). We found that children’s songs tend to have more imprecise tuning and fewer scale degrees than adult songs (precision: t = 2.0, p = .009; scale degrees: t = 1.7, p = .007), consistent with motor constraints due to their earlier developmental stage. On the other hand, we also found that both adult and children songs throughout the world shares some common tuning intervals such as perfect 4th (4:3) and perfect 5th (3:2), consistent with sensory theories of integer-ratio preference. These results suggest that some universal aspects of musical scales may be caused by a combination of sensory and motor mechanisms, which we unify into a new sensorimotor hypothesis.

３ヶ月児の身体運動可聴化における心拍変動の個人差

新屋 裕太, 藤井 進也, 奥 絢介, 多賀 厳太郎, 渡辺 はま

「個性」創発脳第４回領域会議 （琴平, 香川） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表, 平成28年度採択新学術領域個性創発脳

Universal Constraints on Rhythm Revealed by Large-scale Cross-cultural Comparisons of Rhythm Priors

Jacoby N, Polak R, Grahn J, Cameron D, Fujii S, Savage PE, Lee KM, Jakubowski K, Clayton M, Margulis E, Wong P, Undurraga E, Godoy R, Huanca T, Thalwitzer T, Mungan E, Kaya E, Jure L, Rocamora M, Goldberg D, Holzapfel A, McDermott J

The 2019 Biennial Meeting of the Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC2019) （New York University, New York City, USA） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表, Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC)

　概要を見る

Music is present in every known culture, implying some biological basis. Yet the nature and extent of biological constraints have remained unclear, in part because cross-cultural comparisons have been limited. We measured a signature of mental representations of rhythm in over 500 participants from 13 countries on four continents, spanning modern societies and traditional indigenous populations belonging to 27 subgroups with varied musical expertise. Listeners were asked to reproduce random ‘‘seed’’ rhythms; their reproductions were fed back as the stimulus (as in the game of “telephone”), such that their biases (the prior) could be estimated from the distribution of reproductions (Jacoby and McDermott 2017). Every tested group showed priors with peaks. These peaks always overlapped with integer ratio rhythms, supporting the idea that rhythm “categories” at integer ratios are universal. However, the relative importance of different integer ratios varied considerably across cultures. Rhythmic prototypes in many cases reflected rhythms prevalent in the musical systems of a participant group’s culture. However, university students in non-Western countries tended to resemble Western participants, underrepresenting the variability evident across indigenous participant groups and highlighting the problematic over-reliance on student participants in cognitive science (Henrich et al. 2010). The results illustrate consistency in rhythm perception amid cultural variation, demonstrating biological constraints and their interaction with culture-specific traditions.

Evaluating Effects of Electrical Muscle Stimulation in Time Duration Reproduction

Konno R, Anzai R, Honda K, Savage PE, Lopes P, Fujii S

The 2019 Biennial Meeting of the Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC2019) （New York University, New York City, USA） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表, Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC)

　概要を見る

Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) is a technique that allows actuating muscles by means of electrical impulses. This technique has been used for rehabilitation for stroke patients [Hummelsheim, et al., 1997]. More recently, EMS has been used not only for clinical cases but also in interactive systems that stimulate the user’s muscles for a variety of tasks, such as how to operate everyday objects [Lopes et al., 2015] or to practice drumming patterns [Ebisu et al., 2017]. The latter, opens up interesting research questions that remain unanswered: Does the use of EMS improve the performance of rhythmic tasks? In this study, we set out to explore how EMS affects memorization of time intervals. So far, auditory stimulation has been the major method by which researchers explore how we memorize time intervals. However, we argue that stimulating also the subject’s proprioception may reveal some benefits. We compared auditory and EMS conditions using tasks of a previous study by Mioni et al. (2014). After a time duration of 1, 4, 9, 14, 18 sec (inter-stimulus interval: ISI), participants were asked to memorize for either the intervals of 0, 5, and 15 sec (memory interval: MI), then reproduce the ISI. We recruited five participants (3 female, age = 21~23). By analyzing the difference between the time reproduction and target duration (absolute error), the ratio between time reproduction and target duration (RATIO) using repeated measures ANOVA, we found that there were no significant interactions between ISI × conditions and MI × conditions nor significant main effect of condition in both absolute error and RATIO. We further conducted an additional experiment of detecting small changes in the target duration to assess the ability of time duration perception, which showed that there was no difference between EMS and auditory conditions. These results suggest that EMS may not have positive effect on time duration perception and reproduction.

How Electrical Muscle Stimulation Assists in Rapid Drumming Training

Anzai R, Konno R, Honda K, Savage PE, Lopes P, Fujii S

The 2019 Biennial Meeting of the Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC2019) （New York University, New York City, USA） , 

2019年08月

, 

ポスター発表, Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC)

　概要を見る

Expert drummers exhibit virtuoso skills such as rapid tapping with a drumstick. As a reference, the winner of a contest to find the world’s fastest drummer (WFD) performed a record of about 1200 taps with hands in a single minute [Fujii, et al., Neurosci. Lett., 2009], which equals 10 Hz movement with each hand over the 60 sec. Acquiring such very rapid drumming skill is laborious for untrained individuals and beginner-level drummers. While previous studies showed augmented feedback modalities (such as auditory feedback [Fujii, et al., Front. Neurosci., 2016]) can boost the motor learning experience; we believe that an active approach, i.e., one that stimulates directly the learner’s muscles, can provide even more benefits. As such, we turned to Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) as a means to assist in learning very rapid drumming. We present an exploratory study, where we trained three participants that were new to drumming. One participant was trained using an EMS system we developed that contracted the participant’s wrist flexor at 10 Hz (same speed as WFD); while the other participants formed our control group that performed an unassisted training. In the first day prior to the start of the study, we measured participants’ drumming speed using the standard 60s drumming task (same as the official WFD contest). Then, participants trained for 3 days, performing 48 trials in a day. In each day, participants practiced by alternating hands, one hand at a time for 10s (15s rest). At the last day, we measured their drumming speed for the 60s task. Our results show both in feedback and non-feedback, individuals improved their drumming speed. In particular, we found that the participants who trained with EMS improved their ability to perform: (1) more symmetrical drumming between hands and (2) more stable inter-tap interval compared to the control group.

Music and Cooperation: Disentangling Causal Mechanisms

Yamauchi M, Hamaguchi M, Kato A, Kitayama Y, Fujii S, Savage PE

The 2019 Biennial Meeting of the Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC2019) （New York University, New York City, USA） , 

2019年08月

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ポスター発表, Society for Music Perception and Cognition (SMPC)

　概要を見る

Throughout human history, music has been used to boost cohesiveness of groups. From sacred songs in religious rituals, to marching in armies, to dancing at rock concerts, music has been used to bring a sense of unity to diverse groups. Several previous experimental studies have suggested that rhythmic synchronization is the key mechanism by which music facilitates cooperation (Wiltermuth & Heath, 2009, Psychological Science; Reddish et al., 2013, PLOS ONE; Mogan et al., 2017, J. Experimental Social Psychology). However, these experiments were not preregistered, had small effects, and did not dissociate the effects of rhythm, melody, lyrics, and movement. Thus, if and how music has a causal effect on cooperation remains poorly understood. We performed a (non-preregistered) pilot study tentatively confirming that music (singing “Twinkle Twinkle Little Star” in pairs) can cause a slight increase in cooperation as measured through an economic task, relative to a null control (n =103 participants, t = 2.1, p = .03). By SMPC we plan to perform additional pilot experiments using a more nuanced paradigm comparing a null control against the sequential addition of 1) lyrics, 2) rhythm, 3) melody, 4) movement, and 5) large groups We predict that each of these factors will result in a sequential increase in cooperation, but that the increase will be strongest for rhythm. Based on these pilot experiments and feedback from SMPC we plan to conduct a full preregistered experiment to disentangle the multidimensional mechanisms by which music may facilitate cooperation.