論文 - 星野　崇宏

Are partial workplace smoking bans as effective as complete smoking bans? A national population-based study of smoke-free policy among Japanese employees

Tabuchi T., Hoshino T., Nakayama T.

Nicotine & Tobacco Research. （Nicotine and Tobacco Research）  in press （ 5 ） 1265 - 1273 2015年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り,  ISSN  14622203

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© The Author 2015. Introduction: Although complete workplace smoking bans are generally recommended rather than partial bans, the latter are widespread in many countries, especially Japan. Our objective was to compare complete workplace smoking bans and partial bans for associations with employee smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS)-related discomfort/ill-health. We also evaluated complete bans versus no ban and partial bans versus no ban. Methods: Eleven thousand ninety eligible employees (weighted number: 34 353 241) aged 20-64 years in 2011 (response rate: 62.5%) were analyzed using a nationally-representative, population- based cross-sectional study. Adjusted prevalence ratios for self-reported current smoking and SHS-related discomfort/ill-health according to workplace smoke-free policies were calculated, using conventional regression and propensity score (PS) weighting (targeting population of average treatment effect among both treated [TET] and untreated [TEU]). Results: Both conventional regressions and PS weighting analyses showed complete bans were significantly associated with lower prevalence of current smoking and perceived SHS-related discomfort/ ill-health among nonsmokers than partial or no ban. In contrast, partial bans were not significantly associated with either outcome compared with no ban. Using several PS trimming levels, we found interesting differences between TET and TEU in a comparison between partial and no ban: that is, significant associations in TET estimations, but none in TEU estimations. Conclusions: Although complete smoking bans were associated with lower levels of employee smoking and SHS-related discomfort/ill-health compared with no smoking ban, partial bans were not. Findings from PS weighting of TEU suggest that partial workplace bans may not be any more effective for Japanese employees than no ban. Therefore, complete bans may be strongly recommended for future implementation, but careful interpretation of the data is necessary because of the cross-sectional study design.

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反復横断データから消費者セグメントの構成比の変化・生成・消滅を理解するための潜在クラスモデルと段階推定法

加藤　諒, 星野　崇宏, 堀江　尚之

マーケティング・サイエンス 23   35 - 59 2015年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 単著, 査読有り

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解釈レベルの操作を伴うコンジョイント測定法の開発：マーケティングリサーチに生じるバイアスの排除に関する実証分析

竹内　真登, 星野 崇宏

マーケティング・サイエンス 23   15 - 34 2015年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り

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Awareness and use of electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products in Japan

星野 崇宏

Addiction （Addiction）  in press （ 4 ） 706 - 713 2015年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り,  ISSN  09652140

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© 2016 Society for the Study of Addiction. Background and Aims: In addition to some electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), new heat-not-burn tobacco products Ploom and iQOS have recently begun to be sold by tobacco companies. These products are regulated differently in Japan, depending on whether the contents are liquid or tobacco leaf. Our objective was to estimate percentages of awareness and use of e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products among the Japanese population, including minors. Design and Setting: An internet survey (randomly sampled research agency panellists) with a propensity score adjustment for "being a respondent in an internet survey" using a nationally representative sample in Japan. Participants: A total of 8240 respondents aged 15-69 years in 2015 (4084 men and 4156 women). Measurements: Adjusted percentages of awareness and use of e-cigarettes (nicotine or non-nicotine e-cigarettes) and heat-not-burn products among total participants; product types and percentages ever used among e-cigarettes ever users. Findings: Of respondents in Japan, 48% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 47-49] were aware of e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products, 6.6% (95% CI = 6.1-7.1) had ever used, 1.3% (95% CI = 1.0-1.5) had used in the last 30 days and 1.3% (95% CI = 1.1-1.6) had experience of > 50 sessions. Seventy-two per cent (95% CI = 69-76) of ever users used non-nicotine e-cigarettes, while 33% (95% CI = 30-37) of them used nicotine e-cigarettes, which has the majority share world-wide; 7.8% (95% CI = 5.5-10.0) and 8.4% (95% CI = 6.1-10.7) of them used the new devices, Ploom and iQOS, respectively, with a relatively higher percentage among the younger population. Conclusions: Approximately half the respondents in a Japanese internet survey were aware of e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products, 6.6% had ever used. More than 70% of ever users used non-nicotine e-cigarettes, the sale of which is not legally prohibited, even to minors, in Japan, and 33% of them used nicotine e-cigarettes; 3.5% of never smoking men and 1.3% of never smoking women had ever used e-cigarettes. Corresponding figures for use in the last 30 days were 0.6% and 0.3%, predominantly non-nicotine e-cigarettes.

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Developmental Trajectories of Social Skills during Early Childhood and Links to Parenting Practices in a Japanese Sample

星野 崇宏

PLoS ONE （PLoS ONE）  10(8) （ e0135357 ） e0135357 2015年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り,  ISSN  1932-6203

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Copyright: © 2015 Takahashi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This study used data from a nationwide survey in Japan to model the developmental course of social skills during early childhood. The goals of this study were to identify longitudinal profiles of social skills between 2 and 5 years of age using a group-based trajectory approach, and to investigate whether and to what extent parenting practices at 2 years of age predicted developmental trajectories of social skills during the preschool period. A relatively large sample of boys and girls (N > 1,000) was assessed on three social skill dimensions (Cooperation, Self-control, and Assertion) at four time points (ages 2, 3, 4, and 5), and on four parenting practices (cognitive and emotional involvement, avoidance of restriction and punishment, social stimulation, and social support for parenting) at age 2. The results indicated that for each social skill dimension, group-based trajectory models identified three distinct trajectories: low, moderate, and high. Multinomial regression analysis revealed that parenting practice variables showed differential contributions to development of child social skills. Specifically, Cooperation and Assertion were promoted by cognitive and emotional involvement, Self-control by social stimulation, and Assertion by avoidance of restriction and punishment. Abundant social support for parenting was not associated with higher child social skills trajectories. We found heterogeneity in developmental profiles of social skills during the preschool ages, and we identified parenting practices that contributed to different patterns of social skills development. We discussed the implications of higher-quality parenting practices on the improvement of child social skills across early childhood.

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Long-term radiographic evaluation of risk factors related to implant treatment: suggestion for alternative statistical analysis of marginal bone loss

星野 崇宏

Clinical Oral Implants Research （Clinical Oral Implants Research）  in press （ 10 ） 1283 - 1289 2015年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り,  ISSN  09057161

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© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Objective: Secular change in marginal bone loss (MBL), which is the index adopted for implant success criteria, has often been used to evaluate risk factors. However, the need to revise these criteria has recently been indicated due to rapid developments in implant treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors by analyzing MBL with an alternative statistical method. Material and methods: The analyses were performed on the outcomes of 366 patients with 1,902 implants during an average follow-up period of 84.8 months (with a maximum follow-up of 258 months). Instead of evaluating annual MBL, time was calculated as one of the explanatory variables because the correlation between MBL and time was small (correlation coefficient of 0.09010). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for exploratory assessment of each factor, and multiple regression analysis was then utilized to identify risk factors. The multiple regression analysis was performed twice, once among all implants and another in which one implant per patient was randomly selected. Results: As a result of multiple regression analysis, smoking habits showed a significant effect on MBL. Age, sex, diabetes mellitus, implant positions, guided bone regeneration, and sinus floor elevation did not affect MBL. IMZ ® implants were associated with significantly higher MBL than were ANKYLOS ® and SPI ® implants. There was no significant difference between Straumann ® and other implants. Conclusion: Our results showed that another statistical process, which eliminated the effect of time rather than comparing annual MBL, could be applied to evaluate MBL because the correlation between MBL and time was small.

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Complete workplace indoor smoking ban and smoking behavior among male workers and female non-smoking workers' husbands: A pseudo-cohort study of Japanese public workers

Takahiro Tabuchi, Takahiro Hoshino, Hitomi Hama, Kayo Nakata (Yamada), Yuri Ito, Akiko Ioka, Akiko Ikeda, Tomio Nakayama, Isao Miyashiro, and Hideaki Tsukuma

BioMed Research International （BioMed Research International）  2014 （ Article ID 303917 ） 303917 2014年03月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り,  ISSN  23146133

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A pseudo cohort study using national cross-sections (2001, 2004, 2007, and 2010) was conducted to examine differences in smoking prevalence under different smoking ban policies such as a complete workplace indoor smoking ban (early or recent implementation) and a partial smoking ban among male public workers and husbands of female nonsmoking public workers. The effectiveness of smoking bans was estimated by difference-in-differences (DID) with age group stratification. The results varied considerably by age and implementation period. Although DID estimates (positive value of DID estimate represents smoking cessation percentage) for both smoking bans on total male smoking were not significant, the over-40 age group indicated a significant DID estimate of 5.0 (95% CI: 0.2, 9.8) for the recent smoking ban. For female workers' husbands' smoking, the over-40 age group indicated positive, but not significant, DID estimates for the early and recent smoking bans of 7.2 (-4.7, 19.2) and 8.4 (-2.0, 18.7), respectively. A complete indoor workplace smoking ban, particularly one recently implemented among public office workers aged over 40, may reduce male workers' smoking and female workers' husbands' smoking compared with a partial smoking ban, but the conclusion remains tentative because of methodological weaknesses in the study. © 2014 Takahiro Tabuchi et al.

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階層ベイズ動的サンプル・セレクションモデルによるWebサイトへの誘導とサイト閲覧行動の同時分析

猪狩　良介, 星野　崇宏

日本統計学会誌 43 （ 2 ） 185 - 214 2014年03月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り

継続時間と離散選択の同時分析のための変量効果モデルとその選択バイアス補正: Webログデータからの潜在顧客への広告販促戦略立案

星野　崇宏

日本統計学会誌 43   41-58 2013年09月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 単著, 査読有り

Does removal of out-of-pocket costs for cervical and breast cancer screening work? A quasi-experimental study to evaluate the impact on attendance, attendance inequality and average cost per uptake of a Japanese government intervention

Takahiro Tabuchi, Takahiro Hoshino , Tomio Nakayama, Yuri Ito, Akiko Ioka, Isao Miyashiro, Hideaki Tsukuma

International Journal of Cancer （International Journal of Cancer）  133 （ 4 ） 972 - 983 2013年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り,  ISSN  00207136

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Reducing out-of-pocket costs is known to improve mammography attendance, but an evidence gap remains concerning Pap smear testing. The Japanese government implemented a politically determined intervention to remove out-of-pocket costs for Pap smear tests and mammography attendance, costing US$148 million, in 2009. It targeted women when they reached the first year of a 5-year age group (i.e., 20, 25, 30 years) with the aim of reducing attendance inequality. Our objective is to evaluate the intervention in terms of uptake and average cost per uptake for cancer screening attendance and to assess socioeconomic inequalities in cancer screening attendance pre- and postintervention. A quasi-experimental study utilizing national repeated cross sections, observed pre- and postintervention, which compared intervention and comparison groups by the Difference-in-Differences method, was conducted. Outcome measures were uptake of cancer screening attendance resulting from the intervention with average cost per uptake and broad inequality indicators for cancer screening attendance according to socioeconomic inequality. In total, 34,043 age-eligible, noninstitutionalized women were analyzed. Uptake among the overall population was 13.9% point in the age- and income-adjusted model for Pap smear and 9.8% point for mammography, with an average cost of US$139 per uptake. The intervention increased inequality indicators in Pap smear attendance (more than +100%) but decreased inequality in mammography attendance (ranging from -12.9 to -74.1%) within the intervention group. In conclusion, removing out-of-pocket costs improves female cancer screening uptake in Japan but may not be cost-saving. Although cost removal reduces inequalities in attendance for mammography, it appears to increase inequalities in Pap smear attendance. What's new? Out-of-pocket costs may be a barrier to cancer screening, though their removal in some countries has met with mixed results. Here, analysis of uptake, government expenditure, and socioeconomic inequalities associated with a cost-free breast and cervical cancer screening program introduced in Japan in 2009 indicates that while attendance increased for both types of screening, overall spending for the program was considerable. Furthermore, while inequalities in attendance decreased for breast cancer screening, they increased for cervical cancer screening. Copyright © 2013 UICC.

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Bias in Factor Score Regression and a Simple Solution

Takahiro Hoshino, Peter M Bentler

Analysis of Mixed Data : Methods & Applications (A.R. de Leon & K. C. C. Carriere,eds)    43 - 61 2013年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り

階層ベイズ動的モデルによるブランドスイッチングの分析: グレンジャー因果性検定の利用

宮崎　慧, 星野 崇宏

マーケティング・サイエンス 21 （ 1 ） 11 - 35 2013年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り

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Validity and Reliability of the Social Skill Scale (SSS) as an Index of Social Competence for Preschool Children

Tokie Anme, Ryoji, Yuka Sugisawa, Emiko Tanaka, Taeko Watanabe, Takahiro Hoshino

Journal of Health Sciences 3   5 - 11 2013年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り

非集計Webアクセスデータを用いたサイト普及モデル : 多時点・複数サイトの階層ベイズモデリング

猪狩 良介, 星野 崇宏

マーケティングサイエンス （日本マーケティング・サイエンス学会）  20 （ 1 ） 43 - 67 2012年

共著, 査読有り

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Conscientiousness mediates the relation between perceived parental socialization and self-rated health

Yusuke Takahashi, Robert W. Brent, Takahiro Hoshino

Psychology and Health （Psychology and Health）  24 （ 9 ） 1048 - 1061 2012年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り,  ISSN  08870446

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The pathways between parenting behaviours, personality and physical health have all been separately studied. Prior research has paid little attention to the indirect effects of personality in the path between parenting behaviours and better health. The purpose of this study was to explore the mediational effects of conscientiousness on the relationships between parental socialisation of responsibility and self-rated health, and to examine potential age differences in this mediational pathway. In total, 736 female and 749 male members across Japan participated in this study. They were divided into three groups by age category: younger-, middle-aged and older-aged. Conscientiousness and health were concurrently rated, while parental socialisation of responsibility was retrospectively assessed. Our analyses revealed that parental socialisation of responsibility is positively associated with conscientiousness and self-rated health, that conscientiousness is positively associated with self-rated health, and that conscientiousness fully mediated the effect of parental socialisation of responsibility on self-rated health. The mediational links were consistent across younger, middle-aged and older-aged cohorts. Our findings suggest that greater parental socialisation of responsibility relates to higher conscientiousness, and consequently healthier adults. These findings imply that parental behaviours could be a plausible target for intervention to foster the development of conscientiousness and better health. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

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[New trends in research on personality traits: contributions to economics and epidemiology].

Takahashi Y, Yamagata S, Hoshino T

Shinrigaku kenkyu : The Japanese journal of psychology 82 （ 1 ） 63 - 76 2011年04月

ISSN  0021-5236

New trends in research on personality traits: Contributions to economics and epidemiology

Takahashi Y., Yamagata S., Hoshino T.

Shinrigaku Kenkyu （Shinrigaku Kenkyu）  82 （ 1 ） 63 - 76 2011年04月

ISSN  00215236

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Research has shown that personality traits have strong predictive validity for economic variables (e.g., income, work attainment) and epidemiological variables (e.g., longevity, physical health), as well as for psychological variables such as problem behaviors, and mental disorders. Importantly, personality traits are predictive even after controlling for socioeconomic status and cognitive abilities. The authors believe that current personality research in Japan almost completely overlooks this perspective. In this article, the authors review these new trends in personality psychological research. They propose a model for research involving A (accurate assessments), B (big samples), C (controlling for covariates and confounders), D (developmental trajectories), and E (economic and epidemiological variables). They outline three future directions to embody personality psychology for prediction, prevention, public wealth, and population health.

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Neural correlates of foreign-language learning in childhood: A 3-year longitudinal ERP study

Ojima S., Nakamura N., Matsuba-Kurita H., Hoshino T., Hagiwara H.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience （Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience）  23 （ 1 ） 183 - 199 2011年01月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り,  ISSN  0898929X

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A foreign language (a language not spoken in one's community) is difficult to master completely. Early introduction of foreign-language (FL) education during childhood is becoming a standard in many countries. However, the neural process of child FL learning still remains largely unknown. We longitudinally followed 322 school-age children with diverse FL proficiency for three consecutive years, and acquired children's ERP responses to FL words that were semantically congruous or incongruous with the preceding picture context. As FL proficiency increased, various ERP components previously reported in mother-tongue (L1) acquisition (such as a broad negativity, an N400, and a late positive component) appeared sequentially, critically in an identical order to L1 acquisition. This finding was supported not only by cross-sectional analyses of children at different proficiency levels but also by longitudinal analyses of the same children over time. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that FL learning in childhood reproduces identical developmental stages in an identical order to L1 acquisition, suggesting that the nature of the child's brain itself may determine the normal course of FL learning. Future research should test the generalizability of the results in other aspects of language such as syntax. © 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Effect of Noncognitive Skills and Related Personality Traits to Productivity in Labor Market: A Review

Takahiro Hoshino

The Annual Report of Educational Psychology in Japan 50   164 - 175 2011年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 単著

パーソナリティ特性研究の新展開と疫学・経済学など他領域への貢献の可能性

高橋　雄介, 山形　伸二, 星野 崇宏

心理学研究 82 （ 1 ） 63 - 76 2011年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 単著, 査読有り