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Adaptive enterprise architecture process for global companies in a digital IT era

Masuda Y., Zimmermann A., Bass M., Nakamura O., Shirasaka S., Yamamoto S.

International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems （International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems） 17 （ 2 ） 21 - 43 2021年04月

共著, 査読有り, ISSN 15481115

Enterprise architecture (EA) is useful for promoting digital transformation in global companies and information societies. In this paper, the authors investigated and analyzed the process for digital transformation in global companies, together with related work in using and applying an enterprise architecture framework for the digital era named the adaptive integrated digital architecture framework (AIDAF). Moreover, they position the AIDAF framework for processing digital transformation in global companies. Based on this analysis, the authors propose and describe a new enterprise architecture process for promoting digital transformation in global companies. Furthermore, the authors propose an adaptive EA cycle-based architecture board framework on digital platforms, while verifying them with case studies in global companies. Finally, the authors clarify the challenges and critical success factors of the process and framework for digital transformation with architecture board reviews in the adaptive EA cycle to assist EA practitioners with its implementation.

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2.65 Gbps downlink communications with polarization multiplexing in X-band for small earth observation satellite

Kaneko T., Kawano N., Nagao Y., Murakami K., Watanabe H., Mita M., Tomoda T., Hirako K., Shirasaka S., Nakasuka S., Saito H., Hirose A.

IEICE Transactions on Communications （IEICE Transactions on Communications） E104B （ 1 ） 1 - 12 2021年01月

査読有り, ISSN 09168516

This paper reports our new communication components and downlink tests for realizing 2.65 Gbps by utilizing two circular polarizations. We have developed an on-board X-band transmitter, an on-board dual circularly polarized-wave antenna, and a ground station. In the onboard transmitter, we optimized the bias conditions of GaN High Power Amplifier (HPA) to linearize AM-AM performance. We have also designed and fabricated a dual circularly polarized-wave antenna for low-crosstalk polarization multiplexing. The antenna is composed of a corrugated horn antenna and a septum-type polarizer. The antenna achieves Cross Polarization Discrimination (XPD) of 37 - 43 dB in the target X-band. We also modify an existing 10 m ground station antenna by replacing its primary radiator and adding a polarizer. We put the polarizer and Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs) in a cryogenic chamber to reduce thermal noise. Total system noise temperature of the antenna is 58 K (maximum) for 18 K physical temperature when the angle of elevation is 90 on a fine winter day. The dual circularly polarized-wave ground station antenna has 39.0 dB/K of Gain - system-noise Temperature ratio (G/T) and an XPD higher than 37 dB. The downlinked signals are stored in a data recorder at the antenna site. Afterwards, we decoded the signals by using our non-real-time software demodulator. Our system has high frequency efficiency with a roll-off factor α = 0.05 and polarization multiplexing of 64APSK. The communication bits per hertz corresponds to 8.41 bit/Hz (2.65 Gbit/315 MHz). The system is demonstrated in orbit on board the RAPid Innovative payload demonstration Satellite (RAPIS-1). RAPIS-1 was launched from Uchinoura Space Center on January 19th, 2019. We decoded 10 bits of downlinked R- and L-channel signals and found that the downlinked binary data was error free. Consequently, we have achieved 2.65 Gbps communication speed in the X-band for earth observation satellites at 300 Mega symbols per second (Msps) and polarization multiplexing of 64APSK (coding rate: 4/5) for right- and left-hand circular polarizations. ◦ 10

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Internet of robotic things with digital platforms: Digitization of robotics enterprise

Masuda Y., Zimmermann A., Shirasaka S., Nakamura O.

Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies （Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies） 189 381 - 391 2021年

ISSN 9789811557835

Internet of Things (IoT) provides a strong platform for computer users to connect objects, devices, and people to the Internet for exchanging or sharing of information with each other. IoT is growing rapidly and is expected to adapt to disciplines such as manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, and robotics. Furthermore, the new concept of IoT is proposed and shown, especially for robotics areas as Internet of Robotics Things (IoRT). IoRT is a mixed structure of diverse technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. However, to promote and realize IoRT, digitization and digital transformation should be proceeded and implemented in the robotics enterprise. In this paper, we propose an architecture framework for IoRT-based digital platforms and verify it using a planned case in a global robotics enterprise. The associated challenges and future research directions in this field are also presented.

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A Proposal of Architecture Framework and Performance Indicator Derivation Model for Digitalization of Quality Management System

Miura K., Kobayashi N., Miyake T., Shirasaka S., Masuda Y.

Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies （Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies） 242 129 - 139 2021年

ISSN 21903018

Manufacturers of pharmaceuticals and medical devices are accountable for the quality and stable supply of their health-related products. In order to guarantee the provision of products that meet quality requirements, they have established and are operating quality management systems. On the other hand, as the risk of unstable supply increases due to pandemics and outsourcing of supply chains, there is a need to strengthen the monitoring capabilities for early detection of quality problems and countermeasures. Recently, with the advancement of digital technology, IoT, automation and block chain technologies are expected to be used in the field of quality management. Alternatively, quality management systems must continuously maintain their performance in the process of change. However, no method has been established to systematically promote the digitalization of quality management systems and to evaluate the performance of the transition process. In this paper, we propose an architecture framework and a model for deriving performance indicators to promote the digitalization of quality management systems and to evaluate the performance of the transition process. Issues and future plans in this field are also discussed.

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An Adaptive Enterprise Architecture Design for a Digital Healthcare Platform : TToward Digitized Society - Industry 4.0, Society 5.0

Masuda Y., Zimmermann A., Shepard D.S., Schmidt R., Shirasaka S.

Proceedings - IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Workshop, EDOCW （Proceedings - IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Workshop, EDOCW） 138 - 146 2021年

ISSN 15417719

Enterprises and information societies confront crucial challenges currently, while Industry 4.0 becomes important in the global manufacturing industry and Society 5.0 should contribute to a supersmart society, especially for healthcare. Physical activity monitoring digital platforms are architected to improve the healthcare status of patients with diabetes and other lifestyle-related diseases. Furthermore, digital platforms are expected to generate profits for health technology companies and help control costs in the healthcare ecosystem. However, current digital enterprise architecture approaches are not well-established, and the potentials have not yet been realized. Design thinking approach and agile software development methodologies can overcome these limitations, beginning with proof of concept and pilot projects and then scaling to the production environment. In this paper, we describe how that the adaptive integrated digital architecture framework (AIDAF) for Design Thinking approach is proposed and verified in a case of a university hospital in the Americas. In addition, challenges and future activities for this area are discussed that cover the directions for Society 5.0.

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Proposal of Assurance Case Description Method in Design for Environment (DfE) Process

Shibuya K., Kobayashi N., Shirasaka S.

Complex Systems Design and Management - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Complex Systems Design and Management Asia and of the 12th Conference on Complex Systems Design and Management, CSD and M 2021 （Complex Systems Design and Management - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Complex Systems Design and Management Asia and of the 12th Conference on Complex Systems Design and Management, CSD and M 2021） 357 - 369 2021年

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The Latest Status of Our Commercial Small Synthetic Aperture Radar Satellite Constellation

Obata T., Arai M., Asada S., Imaizumi T., Saito H., Shirasaka S.

International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) （International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)） 3578 - 3580 2020年09月

ISSN 9781728163741

Expectations for SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) satellites that can observe a target area through clouds and during nighttime are emerging, especially in Asia where high cloud cover rates prevent from the satellite monitoring with optical sensors. We will build a constellation of the small SAR satellites to realize short term revisits, shorter than one day to take advantage of SAR sensors that can acquire data regardless of weather and time in a day. We expect the constellation expands needs of the SAR data to business and private decision making, and develop a market for commercial use. We will launch the first demo satellite in 2020. We are already preparing to build the second satellite and will make six satellite constellation until 2022. Our final goal is to build a constellation of 25 satellites.

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Structural analysis between HR systems and HR outcomes to motivate employees based on Harvard Model

Sato Y., Kobayashi N., Shirasaka S.

Proceedings - 2020 9th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2020 （Proceedings - 2020 9th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2020） 570 - 575 2020年09月

Rapid economic changes have recently been requesting human resource departments in Japanese firms to transform their roles and services. However, Paul et al. state that the focus of work on HRM is oriented towards HRM Policy Choices and short-term HR outcomes in Harvard Model. Therefore, Sato et al. insisted that we need to consider long-term consequences. The goal of this paper is to discover a causal relationship between HR Systems which is HRM Policy Choices and HRM outcomes including short-term HR outcomes and long-term consequences based on the Harvard model, in order to increase HRM outcomes including short-term HR outcomes and long-term consequences. We made the questionnaire survey and collected 516 answers. After that, we performed exploratory analysis (Multiple regression analysis) and confirmatory analysis (Covariance structure analysis). As a result, we confirmed that "Expectation in the Recruiting"plays an important role in increasing HR Outcomes.

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Features of a good story for non-technical adults to learn emerging technologies

Seya K., Kobayashi N., Shirasaka S.

International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning （International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning） 15 （ 3 ） 15 - 33 2020年

ISSN 18688799

The need to learn emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence is increasingly important not only for technical people but also for nontechnical people. Previous studies showed the effectiveness of a story-based teaching method for both technical and non-technical people who want to learn emerging technologies. However, the difference between the story-building methods for technical people and non-technical people has not been revealed. The purpose of this research is to propose perspectives that reveal the differences in the stories used for emerging technology education and identify the effective story features suited for non-technical adult learners by comparing the different story-building methods used for technical people and non-technical people. In this study we classified the story types into two perspectives: "past to present" and "present to future" and compared the two story-building methods in these perspectives. The novelty of this research is that the proposal of perspectives that reveal the differences in the stories used for emerging technology education and that we have identified the features of one of the effective stories suited for nontechnical adult learners. We also examined the possibility of leveraging such differences in solving the issues that a class of non-technical people called conversational programmers is facing.

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A proposal for the work engagement development canvas contributing to the development of work engagement

Hamamoto A., Kobayashi N., Fujino H., Shirasaka S.

Communications in Computer and Information Science （Communications in Computer and Information Science） 1189 CCIS 84 - 105 2020年

ISSN 9789811531170

Employee engagement is positively and significantly related to their productivity, creativity, innovativeness, customer service as well as in-role and extra-role behaviors. The purpose of this study is to propose the Work Engagement Develop Canvas (WEDC), which aims to enhance employee work engagement. The evaluation method of this study is to check outputs where participants described the WEDC as well as to collect two types of questionnaires: A Pre-implementation questionnaire and a post-implementation questionnaire. Additionally, the evaluation is carried out by (1) Checking the output (2) Paired t-test, and (3) Open Coding. The novelty of this study is to focus on enhancing work engagement through the visualization of employees’ own thoughts.

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A Method to Enhance Self-Acceptance and Acceptance of Others through Collaborative Team's Role Recognition

Akaki M., Kobayashi N., Shirasaka S., Ioki M.

Proceedings - 2019 8th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2019 （Proceedings - 2019 8th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2019） 721 - 726 2019年07月

ISSN 9781728126272

It is necessary to enhance team performance by unleashing each member's abilities in order to achieve the goal in business collaboration situations. However, it is a problem when each member does not recognize its strength to demonstrate and the team performance is not enhanced. The purpose of this study is to enhance team performance by making each member able to recognize and unleash its strong points. We propose a method that aims to make individuals understand their situations through an advice sheet from the third person. In particular, the advice writer gives a description of advice to the whole team and individuals, based on the Pre-survey that individual members answered their role recognition of themselves and team members. The method is evaluated by the change in self-acceptance and acceptance of others. The result indicates that the examinees with low self-acceptance and acceptance of others, who are the target of this study, improved their level of acceptance. The analysis of the free descriptions identifies that it follows the process from the understanding of its character and role recognition to the acceptance of others.

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Effectiveness of Story-based Visual and Agile Teaching Method for Non-technical Adult Learners Who Want to Understand Artificial Intelligence

Seya K., Kobayashi N., Shirasaka S.

ISSN 9781728126272

This study proposes and evaluates an effective teaching method for non-technical adults who want to understand artificial intelligence (AI). As the number of non-technical business professionals who want to improve their participation in technical discussions is increasing, it becomes important to find effective teaching methods for non-technical adults who need to understand core technical concepts in which they are involved reasonably. The proposed teaching method utilizes the active use of visual feedback and agile practices to overcome the challenges the adult learners face. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed teaching method by the open coding method to analyze the free-form responses and by the paired t-test over the responses to the questions asked to the participants before and after the lecture. We found that this teaching method effectively supported the learners to understand the basic technical concepts of AI within one or two-day time frame. We also confirmed the non-technical adult learners had significantly changed their attitude toward understanding AI from initially negative to positive with a good expectation of success in understanding AI, which is one of the important outcomes for the learners as the expectancy-value theory predicts their future performance on understanding AI.

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A Proposal of Leader Identity Development Canvas for Contributing to Developing Leaders' Identity

Hamamoto A., Kobayashi N., Nakada M., Shirasaka S.

ISSN 9781728126272

Proactive employees who have leadership skills are desirable to companies. According to previous studies, the process of effectively developing leadership competencies involves connecting the individual to context, relationships, culture, meanings of leadership, and an understanding of one's leader identity. In other words, the understanding of leader identity leads to the process of effectively developing leadership. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose the Leader Identity Development Campus (LIDC), which aims to understand and develop leader identity in order to foster leadership in the younger generation. The LIDC was designed with two perspectives. One is related to the concept of leader identity and the other is related to the three levels of a leader's self-concept - individual level, relational level, and collective level. A description of the methodology for incorporating leader identity into the LIDC is presented. In order to analyze the outcomes of the LIDC, the criteria for measuring its effectiveness was defined. These criteria served as a basis for analyzing participants' eligibility to describe the LIDC. The analysis of the outcomes of this study demonstrates that the LIDC is effective in raising the three levels of leader identity.

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A Proposal of Information Security Policy Agreement Method for Merger and Acquisition Using Assurance Case and ISO 27001

Kobayashi N., Nakamoto A., Kawase M., Ioki M., Shirasaka S.

ISSN 9781728126272

This study proposes an assurance case description method, based on the framework of Information Security Management System (ISMS; ISO 27001), for agreeing to information security policies through co-creation of values between a parent company and its subsidiary or subsidiaries which are merged or acquired. Information security policy varies among companies. Parent companies need to agree with their merged or acquired companies on the information security policies in order to maintain the existing business of the subsidiaries while the parent companies continue to use the current IT infrastructure and network. This study first structuralizes ISO 27001 by using an assurance case. We then show the items that a parent company and its subsidiary do not agree to information security policies based on each company's policy. As a result, this study will: 1) Clarify the range of agreement and disagreement between the two companies' information security policies; and 2) show how two companies mutually conclude a final agreement for the entire range using the assurance case created. We asked them how three experts in information security evaluate the Understanding, Utility and Effectiveness of the proposed assurance case description method, which the studied participants used to create the assurance case.

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A Proposal of HR System's Visualization Based on Harvard Model, Life Cycle, and Organization Strategy and Management Type

Sato Y., Kobayashi N., Shirasaka S.

ISSN 9781728126272

Rapid economic changes have recently been requesting human resource departments in Japanese firms to transform their roles and services. [1] No paper refers a method to map the themes they talk about and to discuss these issues explicitly by using the Harvard Model and Organization Strategy and Management Type. In this paper, we propose a method using the Harvard Model and Organization Strategy and Management Type. The method is divided into Visualization Map of HR Systems based on Life Cycle and Organization Strategy and Management Type. We asked employees of Human Resource Departments to use worksheets of 'visualization map of HR systems based on life cycle' and 'Organization Strategy and Management Type'. Then, we evaluated the two points on whether they thought the HR System of their company was appropriate and whether they could write down and explain the HR System to other people. As a result, we confirmed that we achieved the goal of identifying issues of the firm and facilitating discussions with management and HR employees of other companies. In addition, this method could play a role in a training program for people who have a little experience as employees of Human Resource Departments.

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Proposal of an Assurance Case Description Method Considering External Environment of Systems: Application to Operation of an Ice-Skating Rink

Nobuyuki Kobayashi, Aki Nakamoto, Seiko Shirasaka

Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research 8 （ 3 ） 87 - 95 2019年

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著

A vision for open healthcare platform 2030

Masuda Y., Yamamoto S., Shirasaka S.

Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies （Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies） 98 175 - 185 2019年

ISSN 9783319922300

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019. Internets of Things (IoT) applications and services have spread and are rapidly being deployed in the information services of the healthcare and financial industries, etc. However, the previous paper suggested that the current IoT services were individually developed, therefore, the open platform and architecture for the above IoT services of the healthcare industries should be deemed necessary. An open healthcare platform is expected to promote and implement the digital IT applications for healthcare communities efficiently. In this paper, we suggest that the open platform for healthcare related IoT services will be proposed and verified by the research initiative named “Open Healthcare Platform 2030 – OHP2030”. In addition, the vision for the OHP2030 research initiative is expressed.

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Development of small satellite for X-Band compact synthetic aperture radar

Hirako K., Shirasaka S., Obata T., Nakasuka S., Saito H., Nakamura S., Tohara T.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series （Journal of Physics: Conference Series） 1130 （ 1 ） 2018年11月

ISSN 17426588

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. JAXA/ISAS, University of Tokyo, and Keio University have been developing an X-band compact synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system and carrying out satellite system design. Many SAR satellites are operating on orbit. Generally, weight of SAR satellites vary from three hundred to a few thousand kilograms. Compact SAR satellite has several issues. For example, high power management during mission operation, thermal management of high power amplifier, EMC related with high power consumption and target pointing with high accuracy. Considering above issues, we carried out system design of the X band compact SAR satellite and have obtained feasibility of the system. Engineering model or flight equivalent model of x band compact SAR equipment such as an antenna, a high power amplifier, a mission data recorder and a x band data transmitter have been developing and there characteristics are measured. Integration and testing of a demonstration satellite will start from the beginning of 2019 and first demonstration satellite will be launched within 2019.

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安全解析手法STAMP/STPA の要件定義工程への適用評価

山口晋一, 小林延至, 白坂成功

安全工学 57 （ 5 ） 370 - 379 2018年10月

研究論文（学術雑誌）, 共著, 査読有り

Managing a Monolithic System or a System-of-Systems? An Assurance Case Approach to Reach Intra-organizational Consensus

Kobayashi N., Nakamoto A., Kawase M., Sussan F., Ioki M., Shirasaka S.

Proceedings - 2018 7th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2018 （Proceedings - 2018 7th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2018） 688 - 693 2018年07月

ISSN 9781538674475

© 2018 IEEE. This study proposes an assurance case description method to reduce misunderstanding caused by the difference of grasping the objects managed in various departments as a monolithic system or a System-of-Systems (SoS). The assurance case method describes various misunderstandings and the classification of patterns of how misunderstanding occurs. We derived steps from the classification of patterns to eliminate the differences in grasping the managed objects. Six researchers in systems engineering confirmed the validity and necessity of the proposed approach for grasping the objects managed in various departments as a monolithic system or a SoS, and the five steps needed to reduce the four patterns of misunderstanding. In addition, this study verified through interviewing experts Understanding, Utility, and Effectiveness of the proposed assurance case description method. This study concludes with future research topics.

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