Yamamoto, Isamu

写真a

Affiliation

Faculty of Business and Commerce （Mita）

Position

Professor

External Links
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Career 【 Display / hide 】

  • 1995.04
    -
    2007.02

    Bank of Japan

  • 2007.03
    -
    2014.03

    Keio University, Faculty of Business and Commerce, Associate Professor

  • 2014.04
    -
    Present

    Keio University, Faculty of Business and Commerce, Professor

  • 2018.04
    -
    Present

    慶應義塾大学, 経済学部経済研究所パネルデータ設計・解析センター, センター長

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Academic Background 【 Display / hide 】

  • 1993.03

    Keio University, Faculty of Commerce

    University, Graduated

  • 1995.03

    Keio University, Graduate School, Division of Commerce

    Graduate School, Completed, Master's course

  • 2003.05

    Brown University, Economics Department

    United States, Graduate School, Completed, Doctoral course

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Academic Degrees 【 Display / hide 】

  • Ph.D. in Economics, Brown University, Coursework, 2003.05

  • MA in Economics, Brown University, Coursework, 2000.05

  • Master of Business and Commerce, Keio University, Coursework, 1995.03

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Research Areas 【 Display / hide 】

  • Humanities & Social Sciences / Economic policy (Applied Economics)

  • Humanities & Social Sciences / Public economics and labor economics

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Research Keywords 【 Display / hide 】

  • labor market

  • labor market

  • Well-being

  • Mental health

  • work-life balance

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Books 【 Display / hide 】

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Papers 【 Display / hide 】

  • Potential benefits and determinants of remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Japanese Household Panel Data

    K Ishii, I Yamamoto, M Nakayama

    Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 70, 101285 （Journal of the Japanese and International Economies)  70 2023.12

    ISSN  08891583

    　View Summary

    This study examines the impact of remote work on subjective well-being, such as subjective productivity, work engagement, and health condition, during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also identifies the characteristics of workers and jobs that contribute to the continuous implementation of remote work, using data from the “Japan Household Panel Survey (JHPS)” and “JHPS Special Survey for COVID-19 (Waves 1 and 2).” As for the characteristics of remote work, multinomial logit models indicate that remote work tends to be continuously conducted in workplaces where performance rather than hours worked is valued, flexible work arrangements are allowed, and better management practices are conducted. In addition, workers with better IT skills, those exposed to new technologies, and those engaged in abstract tasks are more likely to work remotely after the state of emergency. Regarding the impact of remote work, we conjecture that the exogenous shift to remote work due to the pandemic had a heterogeneous impact on workers. The first difference models, where unobservable time-invariant worker heterogeneity has been removed, indicate a positive impact on subjective well-being for those who continued to work remotely after the state of emergency was lifted in 2020. Those who only worked remotely as a stopgap measure during the first state of emergency experienced negative impacts of remote work.

  • Intervention and information effects at the individual level during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

    MS Chang, I Yamamoto

    PloS one 18 (11), e0294189 （PLoS ONE)  18 （ 11 November ） e0294189 2023.11

    ISSN  1932-6203

    　View Summary

    This paper estimated the impact of intervention effects (state of emergency (SOE) or quasi-SOE requirements) and information effects (publicized increases in the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths and fear of infection) on preventive behaviors and telecommuting during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Japan Household Panel Survey. Our results indicated that SOEs and quasi-SOEs had positive effects on the adoption of preventive behaviors among individuals, including handwashing, which indicates that an SOE has a direct effect and an indirect effect. Although SOEs in Japan were less enforceable and more lenient than those in other countries, they still had a certain effect on people's adoption of preventive behaviors. However, the contribution of information effects was much larger than that of intervention effects, suggesting the importance of how and when information should be communicated to the public to prevent the spread of infection.

  • Japanese citizens' behavioral changes and preparedness against COVID-19: An online survey during the early phase of the pandemic

    Muto K, Yamamoto I, Nagasu M, Tanaka M, Wada K

    PLoS ONE （PLoS ONE)  15 （ 6 ） e0234292 2020.06

    Accepted,  ISSN  1932-6203

    　View Summary

    The Japanese government instituted countermeasures against COVID-19, a pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus, in January 2020. Seeking “people's behavioral changes,” in which the government called on the public to take precautionary measures or exercise self-restraint, was one of the important strategies. The purpose of this study is to investigate how and from when Japanese citizens have changed their precautionary behavior under circumstances in which the government has only requested their cooperation. This study uses micro data from a cross-sectional survey conducted on an online platform of an online research company, based on quota sampling that is representative of the Japanese population. By the end of March 2020, a total of 11,342 respondents, aged from 20 to 64 years, were recruited. About 85 percent reported practising the social distancing measures recommended by the government including more females than males and more older than younger participants. Frequent handwashing is conducted by 86 percent of all participants, 92 percent of female, and 87.9 percent of over-40 participants. The most important event influencing these precautionary actions was the infection aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship, which occurred in early February 2020 (23 percent). Information from the central and local governments, received by 60 percent of the participants, was deemed trustworthy by 50 percent. However, the results also showed that about 20 percent of the participants were reluctant to implement proper prevention measures. The statistical analysis indicated that the typical characteristics of those people were male, younger (under 30 years old), unmarried, from lower-income households, a drinking or smoking habit, and a higher extraversion score. To prevent the spread of infection in Japan, it is imperative to address these individuals and encourage their behavioural changes using various means to reach and influence them.

  • Job tasks and wages in the Japanese labor market: Evidence from wage functions

    Kobayashi T, Yamamoto I

    Journal of the Japanese and International Economies （Journal of the Japanese and International Economies)  58 2020.12

    Accepted,  ISSN  08891583

    　View Summary

    Based on the microdata from the Basic Survey on Wage Structure and the original survey, we estimate the Mincerian wage function, incorporating job tasks, to examine the importance of job task wage premiums as well as long-term changes in the Japanese labor market. In the estimation, we found that the association between abstract tasks and wages is positive and that a one standard deviation increase in the abstract task scores was associated with a 21.2% wage premium, while that of routine and manual task wage premiums are negative. We also found that the total explanatory power of three task scores (routine, abstract, and manual tasks) is higher than that of the education dummies or the major occupation group dummies. We also confirmed two testable implications from the Roy model regarding the workers’ self-selection into occupations in the Japanese labor market. These findings are similar to those obtained by Autor and Handel (2013). On the other hand, we found no major changes between 2005 and 2016 in the coefficients of routine, abstract, or manual task scores as well as their explanatory powers in the wage function. We then observed that demand for labor increased in many occupations involving many non-routine or manual tasks, but at the same time, the supply of labor to those occupations also increased. Therefore, we discussed that the change in labor demand and supply may be one of the reasons for the stable relationship between job tasks and wages.

  • Why Do People Overwork at the Risk of Impairing Mental Health?

    Kuroda S, Yamamoto I

    Journal of Happiness Studies （Journal of Happiness Studies)  20 （ 5 ） 1519 - 1538 2019.06

    Accepted,  ISSN  13894978

    　View Summary

    This study uses longitudinal data on Japanese workers to investigate the relationship between overwork and mental health. Conventional labor supply theory assumes that people allocate their hours of work and leisure to maximize personal utility. However, people sometimes overwork and underestimate the risks of its negative impact on their physical and/or mental health. We incorporate nonpecuniary factors into the conventional utility function. Empirical analysis reveals a nonlinear relationship between the number of hours worked and job satisfaction. We find that job satisfaction increases when people work more than 55 h per week. However, we also find that hours worked linearly erode workers’ mental health. These findings imply that people who overvalue job satisfaction work excessive hours, consequently damaging their mental health. People may hold incorrect beliefs and underestimate the mental health risks of overwork, which may lead them to work longer hours. Our findings imply that educational and regulatory interventions are needed for both workers and employers to reduce the detrimental impacts on mental health caused by overwork.

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Papers, etc., Registered in KOARA 【 Display / hide 】

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Reviews, Commentaries, etc. 【 Display / hide 】

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Research Projects of Competitive Funds, etc. 【 Display / hide 】

  • Structure and change of broader inequality since the COVID-19 crisis: Economics research based on household panel data

    2022.04
    -
    2027.03

    MEXT,JSPS, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Principal investigator

    　View Summary

    本研究では、コロナ危機で露呈した柔軟な働き方や社会関係資本、危機管理などのショックに対するレジリエンスや、健康や生活、住環境などのウェルビーイングといった非金銭的な側面での格差も含めた従来よりも広範な格差概念を研究対象とする。その上で、コロナ危機によって幅広い側面での格差がどのように顕現化し、中長期的にどのように変容しうるか、また、新しいテクノロジーの進展や少子高齢化などのメガトレンドや各種の制度・政策が、格差への影響度合いも含めて中長期的にどう変化するかについて、国際比較可能な家計パネルデータを共通インフラとして構築し、応用ミクロ経済学やマクロ経済学の幅広い経済学分野からの解明を図る。

  • An internationally comparable individual longitudinal experimental study of intertemporal and interindividual variability in trust, reciprocity, and altruism

    2021.07
    -
    2024.03

    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Pioneering), No Setting

    　View Summary

    本研究では国際的に比較可能なオンライン実験プラットフォームとアンケート調査を用いて、信頼・応報性・利他性がどのように変動し、その変動が互いに、また所得や就業などの他の経済変数の変動とどのように関係しているかを調べる。対象者は住民基本台帳に基づいて代表性のある個人追跡アンケート調査を行っている慶應義塾大学パネルデータ設計・解析センターの日本家計パネル調査（JHPS/KHPS）の調査協力者を対象に招待状を送って、協力してくださる方々とする。さらにJHPS/KHPSの本調査でもアンケート質問によって毎年、信頼・応報性・利他性を測る。

  • The economic and social impact of COVID-19 mitigation policies: A cross-country analysis of macro events

    2021.04
    -
    2025.03

    National Institute of Health, USA, Aging Research: 1R01AG07 1649-01, Coinvestigator(s)

  • 長時間労働是正の政策評価および健康と人的資本への影響

    2019.04
    -
    2023.03

    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), No Setting

    　View Summary

    働き方改革関連法の施行によって、日本の労働市場は大きな転換点を迎えている。本研究は、働き方改革のうち、特に長時間労働是正に焦点を充て、その施策が意図したとおりの効果をもたらしているかを政策評価する。具体的には、長時間労働が実際に是正されるのか、その弊害として労働強度が上昇していないか、労働強度の上昇を通じた健康の悪化や人的資本投資の減少といった副作用が生じていないのか等を、データを用いて検証する。
    2年目にあたる2020年度においては、主として3つの分析を行った。第一は、コロナ禍で急速に普及したテレワークが従業員の働き方や労働時間、そして生産性やメンタルヘルス等に与える影響について多角的に検証した。一部上場企業（製造業4社）の全従業員を対象とした大規模アンケート調査を用い、同一企業内における部署間や部署内のテレワーク率の違いが働き方にもたらした影響を分析したほか、職種別にテレワークにおける生産性が低下する要因の特定化などを行った。研究の成果は、Covid-Economics（Vetted Journal）に採択された（"Working from home: its effects on productivity and mental health"）。このほか、コロナ禍の一般労働者の働き方に関する論文（"Psychosocial impact of COVID‐19 for general workers"、査読付き英文雑誌Journal of Occupational Healthに採択）等、コロナ禍における働き方の変化と従業員への影響に関する分析を実施した。第二は、一部上場企業（小売業）から取得したデータをもとに、従業員のメンタルヘルスと生産性との関係を明らかにする分析を行い、論文を執筆した。第3に、コロナ禍における新しい働き方の下でどのように健康を維持すべきかを明らかにするため、一部上場企業（製造業2社）の従業員を対象に健康施策プロジェクトを実施した。このうち、一企業のデータは2020年度末にデータを入手できたためデータの解析に着手し、暫定的な結果を得た。第二、三の研究は次年度以降にさらに分析を深め、論文の執筆・改訂を行う予定である。
    研究はおおむね順調に進展している。
    2年目は、初年度から働きかけを行ってきた複数の企業から健康関連の個票データを入手できたため、それらのデータを用いた分析に着手した。3年目以降は、さらに分析のブラッシュアップを図り、学術誌への投稿を予定している。

  • Optimal internal labor market of Japan: Empirical research on work reform and health management

    2018.04
    -
    2022.03

    MEXT,JSPS, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, 山本 勲, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Principal investigator

    　View Summary

    本研究では、産官学連携で得られた企業や労働者のさまざまなデータを用いて「働き方改革」や「健康経営」の費用対効果などのエビデンスを導出するとともに、それらのエビデンスをもとに、今後の日本の望ましい内部労働市場のあり方を検討し、労働市場政策や企業における人事・労務管理・経営施策への含意を示すことを目指している。
    ３年目の研究実績として、労働者個人を追跡したパネルデータ（「日本家計パネル調査」の個票データ）を用いて、働き方とメンタルヘルスの関係を動学的に検証した研究を進め、査読付き学術雑誌へ掲載した。さらに、女性活躍推進に関連し、労働者のパネルデータを用いて地域の育児支援策が女性の雇用やウェルビーイングに与える影響を検証した研究や、企業のパネルデータを用いて女性活躍推進と企業業績の関係を情報開示の有無に焦点を当てて検証した研究も進め、いずれも査読付き学術雑誌へ掲載した。また、AIなどの新しいテクノロジーの雇用・賃金への影響を把握するうえで重要な切り口となるタスク（業務）の分布や賃金との関係を明らかにした研究についても査読付き学術雑誌へ掲載した。さらに、企業データをもとに健康経営が企業業績に与える影響を検証する研究を査読付き学術図書（日本経済学会機関図書）に掲載した。
    加えて、新型コロナウイルス感染症の流行を踏まえ、一般労働者にどのような影響が生じうるかを議論する研究や、どのような個人が「3密」回避などの行動変容を率先して起こしたかを検証する研究、新型コロナウイルス感染症に関する不安と労働者のメンタルヘルスの関係を検証する研究を進め、いずれも査読付き学術雑誌へ掲載した。
    いずれの研究からも、働き方改革や健康経営のあり方の制度設計を検討する上で有用なエビデンスや知見が導出できたといえる。
    研究期間の3年目までに計34本の論文（書籍の分担執筆も含む）を完成させ、うち12本を査読付学術雑誌に掲載した。働き方改革や健康経営に関するエビデンスや政策的・人事施策的な含意の導出を多く行うことに成功している。さらに、新型コロナウイルス感染症のパンデミックを踏まえて、当初計画にはないものの、個人や労働者への影響についても研究を進めることができた。
    今後も研究目的に沿った検証を実施するための各種データを収集・作成するために、企業や政府、調査研究機関と連携を強めていく。また、研究論文のクオリティ向上を目指し、内外の専門家への意見聴取を進めていく。

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Courses Taught 【 Display / hide 】

  • SEMINAR

    2023

  • JOINT SEMINAR: ECONOMETRICS

    2023

  • FUNDAMENTALS OF ECONOMICS 2

    2023

  • ECONOMICS(MACROECONOMICS)

    2023

  • ECONOMICS 2

    2023

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Courses Previously Taught 【 Display / hide 】

  • SPECIAL RESEARCH TOPICS IN BUSINESS AND COMMERCE (S)

    Keio University

    2022.04
    -
    2023.03

  • ECONOMICS(MACROECONOMICS)

    Keio University

    2022.04
    -
    2023.03

  • ECONOMICS 2

    Keio University

    2022.04
    -
    2023.03

  • SPECIAL RESEARCH TOPICS IN BUSINESS AND COMMERCE (S)

    Keio University

    2022.04
    -
    2023.03

  • SEMINAR (QA)

    Keio University

    2021.04
    -
    2022.03

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