Okada, Mitsuhiro

写真a

Affiliation

Faculty of Letters Department of Philosophy (Mita)

Position

Professor Emeritus （Keio University）

Related Websites

External Links
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Profile 【 Display / hide 】

  • Towards clarifying logical thinking: An interdisciplinary,integrated research of logical reasoning Logic is one of the oldest forms of classical scholarship, and a great amount of research has been done since it was formulated by Aristotle in the 4th century BC. However, there are still a number of unresolved issues that remain in the study of logic and logical thinking in the 21st century. Through logic and logical research, I aim to clarify our understanding of how people think. In FY2013, I conducted multilateral logical research with a focus on philosopy, and from an intedisciplinary view including perspectives of mathematical logic, computational/informathion and cognitive science, neuroscience, and others. The main themes for the 2013 research were as found below. 1.Philosophical logic Presented a modern, re-evaluated perspectine of demonstration, computation theories, and philosophy of mathematics of such 20th century philosophers as Ludwig Wittgenstein and Edmund Husserl. 2.Cognitive science methods Began researching multi-attribute data design and presentathion(e.g.product catalogues)and decision-making by combining techniques from cognitive science(mainly eye tracking), social psychology and logical semantics. Moved foward with theoretical research and human subject research into diagrammatic reasoning and graphical reasoning theory. 3.Teoretical study of logical structure Researched basic logic theory known as linesr logic theory(a logic from which the distinction of the classical and intuitionistic logic emerges)with the aim of deconstructing it into a more basic set of logical inferences. 4.Behavioral genetics and logic, and decision-making Researched logical reasoning and rational decision-making through twin studies conducted with the behavioral genetics research group at Keio(the Ando lab). 5.Information logic and software science Researched logical methods of safety properties verification for software such as authentication(cryptographic communicathion) protocols. Much of the above research was conducted in the interdisciplinary research enviroment at the Global Research Center of Logic and Sensibility, for which I am currently serving as the head, as well as under the Next-Generation Research Projects program, the project of the Research Center for Thinking and Behavioral Judgement at Keio(Head:Prof.Ken Sekine), and the MEXT-funded research project, "Elucidation of the Neural Computation for Prediction and Decision Making". Finally, I cooperated with patner teams such as CNRS ans INRIA in France. My research in 2013 depended greatly on the help I received from collaborative partners both at Keio and beyond.

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Other Affiliation 【 Display / hide 】

  • Global Research Center for Logic and Sensibility, Keio University, センター共同研究員

  • Brain Science Research Institute,　Tamagawa University, Brain Research institute, Visiting Professor

  • IHPST, University Paris-1, institute of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, Associate Member

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Career 【 Display / hide 】

  • 2020.04
    -
    Present

    Keio University, Professor Emeritus

  • 1996.04
    -
    2020.03

    Keio University, Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Letters, Professor

  • 1998.04
    -
    2020.03

    Keio University, Graduate School of Letters, Graduate School Committee member

  • 1990.09
    -
    1996.03

    慶應義塾大学, 文学部, 助教授

  • 2017.03
    -
    Present

    University of Paris-1, Institute of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, Institute of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, Associate Member

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Academic Background 【 Display / hide 】

  • 1979.03

    The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Literature, 哲学科

    University, Graduated

  • 1983.03

    Keio University, Graduate School, Division of Letters

    Graduate School, Completed, Master's course

  • 1987.03

    Keio University, Graduate School, Division of Letters

    Graduate School, Completed, Doctoral course

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Academic Degrees 【 Display / hide 】

  • 文学　, Keio University, Coursework, 1987.03

    弱い含意に制限した論理について

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Research Areas 【 Display / hide 】

  • Humanities & Social Sciences / Philosophy and ethics (Philosophy/Ethics / Philosophy of logic, Philosophy of mathematics,Wittgenstein, Informatic ethics, Psychology of decision making and logic, informatic logic)

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Research Keywords 【 Display / hide 】

  • Computer security

  • Diagrammatic logic

  • Theoretical computer science

  • Philosophy of AI

  • Algorithmic ethics

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Proposed Theme of Joint Research 【 Display / hide 】

  • Logical reasoning, inference ability, decision making, logic and ethics of algorithm, decision making with diagrammatic-graphic representation by eyetracker and cognitive scientific measures

    Interested in joint research with other research organizations (including universities, etc.)

    　View Message

    特に次のテーマに関して応用面に興味を持っている。１．論理推論の教育デザイン、論理推論略評価法、評価課題集などを開発してきた。
    ２．図的・グラフィック情報提示に基づく意思決定・論理推論の研究地球蓄積を持ち、社会心理学的消費者行動意思決定への応用研究に関わる研究を進めている。

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Books 【 Display / hide 】

  • Wittgenstein’s Struggle with Intuitionism

    Marion M., Okada M., Wittgenstein's Philosophy in 1929, 2023.01

    　View Summary

    In this chapter, we study the emergence of Wittgenstein’s critical stance toward intuitionism within MS 105–107. We assume in accordance with elementary hermeneutics that in 1929, it is not the later Wittgenstein who struggled to understand but the author of the Tractatus, which formed the background to his reaction to Brouwer and Weyl. We shall argue that Wittgenstein was quite receptive to some aspects, notably the priority of mathematics over logic and the law of excluded middle, but for his own different reasons and that although he had a genuine understanding of some aspects of intuitionism, he made at least one important mistake.

  • Wittgenstein and Goodstein on Uniqueness of Primitive recursive arithmetic, in "Wittgenstein in the 1930s:Investigations to Philosophical Investigations" (ed. by David Stern)

    Mathieu Marion and Mitsuhiro Okada, Cambridge University Press, 2018.11

    Scope: Chapter authors

  • A Report of Reserch Center for Thinkingand and Behavioral Judgement

    Mitsuhiro Okada, Tatsuya Kashiwabata, Hisanori Tsuge, Juko Ando, Jun ichi Yamamoto, Takayuki Sakagami, Satoshi Umeda, Masao Ogaki, Hideo Akabayashi, Noburu Notomi, and Keiko Fujisawa., Research Centre for Thinking and Behavioral Judgment, Keio University, 2014.12

  • Effects of Representation Patterns in Multi-Attribute Decision-Making: An Eye-Tracking Study

    Masahiro Morii, Takashi Ideno, Shigetaka Okubo, and Mitsuhiro Okada, Research Centre for Thinking and Behavioral Judgment, Keio University, 2014.12

  • Eye-Tracking Study of Decision-Making with Graphically Represented Multi-Attribute Tables.

    Okubo,S.& Okada,M., Report of the Reserch Center for Thinking and Behavioral Judgement(ed.M.Okada et al.),Keio University, 2014

    Scope: 17-23

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Papers 【 Display / hide 】

  • Assessing Large Language Models with NeuBAROCO: Syllogistic Reasoning Ability and Biases,

    Risako Ando, Hirohiko Abe, Takanobu Morishita, Koji Mineshima, Mitsuhiro Okada

    ric. NAPTURAL LOGIC MEETS MACHINE LEARNING, June, 2023 (IWCS, LOGIC MEETS MACHINE LEARNING,)  4 2023.06

    Last author, Accepted

  • Wittgenstein’s Struggle with Intuitionism, in Wittgenstein’s Philosophy in 1929

    Mathieu Marion and Mitsuhir Okada

    Studies in Twentieth-Century Philosophy) H 230 (Routledge)  230   1 - 16 2023.02

    Part of collection (book), Joint Work, Corresponding author

  • A Semantics for “Typically” in First-Order Default Reasoning

    Bana G., Okada M.

    Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics))  12758 LNAI   3 - 20 2021

    ISSN  03029743

    　View Summary

    We present a new semantics for first-order conditional logic, which is a generalization of that of Friedman, Halpern and Koller [7]. We utilize Fitting’s embedding of first-order classical logic in first-order S4 to define our semantics. We explain our semantics by showing how it works on the connective expressing “typically implies”. We argue that it has a number of good properties, in particular, it is more adjustable to special situations than that of [7]. For example, we can make sense of nested conditional implications even when a conditional implication does not necessarily hold on the entire set of possible worlds, but where-ever it is satisfied, the conclusion is typically satisfied.

  • A Simplified Application of Howard’s Vector Notation System to Termination Proofs for Typed Lambda-Calculus Systems

    Okada M., Takahashi Y.

    Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics))  12328 LNCS   136 - 155 2020

    ISSN  9783030635947

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    There have been some important methods of combining a recursive path ordering and Tait-Girard’s computability argument to provide an ordering for termination proofs of higher-order rewrite systems. The higher-order recursive path ordering HORPO by Jouannaud and Rubio and the computability path ordering CPO by Blanqui, Jouannaud and Rubio are examples of such an ordering. In this paper, we give a case study of yet another direction of such extension of recursive path ordering, avoiding Tait-Girard’s computability method plugged in the above mentioned works. This motivation comes from Lévy’s question in the RTA open problem 19, which asks for a reasonably straightforward interpretation of simply typed λ -calculus λ in a certain well founded ordering. As in the cases of HORPO and CPO, the addition of λ -abstraction and application into path orderings might be considered as one solution, but the following question still remains; can the termination of λ be proved by an interpretation in a first-order well founded ordering in the sense that λ -abstraction/application are not directly built in the ordering? Reconsidering one of Howard’s works on proof-theoretic studies, we introduce the path ordering with Howard algebra as a case study towards further studies on Lévy’s question. → →

  • On Effects of Changing Multi-attribute Table Design on Decision Making: An Eye-Tracking Study

    Ideno T., Morii M., Takemura K., Okada M.

    Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics))  12169 LNAI   365 - 381 2020

    ISSN  9783030542481

    　View Summary

    Information tables are often used for decision making. This study considers multi-attribute table designs from a diagrammatic perspective. We used two experiments to show how the decision-making strategies and performance are changed based on table design changes, using the eye-tracking method. We employed a multi-attribute catalog table with alternatives presented along the horizontal axis and attributes along the vertical axis in Experiment 1 and the opposite layout in Experiment 2. In each experiment, we used four different types of representations of the attribute values, and these values were restricted to two levels for comparison with previous works. The four types used were: (i) numerical representations, (ii) textual representations, (iii) black-and-white representations with black representing better values, and (iv) black-and-while representations with white representing better values. Our results suggest, among others, that (1) placing the alternatives along the vertical axis makes the table easier to decide in comparison to the opposite layout, and that (2) the two-stage decision strategy is taken with numerical representations and textual representations, while a single stage strategy is taken with the black-and-white representations. We also showed how the graphic black-and-white representations made decision-making easier, and how the order changes of alternatives and of attributes of a table influenced decision makers’ decision.

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Papers, etc., Registered in KOARA 【 Display / hide 】

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Reviews, Commentaries, etc. 【 Display / hide 】

  • Corrigendum to “Inductive-data-type systems” [Theoret. Comput. Sci. 272 (1–2) (2002) 41–68] (Theoretical Computer Science (2002) 272(1–2) (41–68), (S0304397500003479), (10.1016/S0304-3975(00)00347-9))

    Blanqui F., Jouannaud J.P., Okada M.

    Theoretical Computer Science (Theoretical Computer Science)  817   81 - 82 2020.05

    ISSN  03043975

    　View Summary

    © 2000 Elsevier B.V. In a previous work (Abstract data type systems, Theoret. Comput. Sci. 173 (2) (1997)), the last two authors presented a combined language made of a (strongly normalizing) algebraic rewrite system and a typed lambda-calculus enriched by pattern-matching definitions following a certain format, called the “General Schema”, which generalizes the usual recursor definitions for natural numbers and similar “basic inductive types”. This combined language was shown to be strongly normalizing. The purpose of this paper is to reformulate and extend the General Schema in order to make it easily extensible, to capture a more general class of inductive types, called “strictly positive”, and to ease the strong normalization proof of the resulting system. This result provides a computation model for the combination of an algebraic specification language based on abstract data types and of a strongly typed functional language with strictly positive inductive types.

  • Preface

    Nigam V., Kirigin T.B., Talcott C., Guttman J., Kuznetsov S., Loo B.T., Okada M.

    Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics))  12300 LNCS   vii - viii 2020

    ISSN  03029743

  • FATALIS: Real Time Processes as Linear Logic Specifications

    Koji Hasebe, V. Cremet, Jean-Pierre Jouannaud, Antonie Kremer, and Mitsuhiro Okada

    International Workshop on Automated Verification of Infinite-State Systems  2003

    Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (other), Joint Work

  • 歪んだ真珠(バロック)---音楽における規則性vs反規則性、または ロゴスvsパトス---

    岡田 光弘

    藝文研究  ( 9 )  2003

    Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (other), Single Work

  • 大会ワークショップ「フォーマルオントロジーの工学と哲学」報告

    日本科学哲学会　  2002

    Other, Single Work

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Presentations 【 Display / hide 】

  • Societal impacts of cybersecurity including elements relative to ethics, integrity, deontology and law

    Mitsuhiro Okada, Panelist

    The 5th France-Japan Workshop on Cybersecurity (Kyoto University) , 

    2019.04
    , 

    Symposium, workshop panel (nominated), Keio University, NICT, French Embassy in Japan, INRIA, CNRS

  • normativity and rules

    OKADA MITSUHIRO

    French-Japanese Meeting on Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics, "rule, Normativity and Disagreement" (Keio University) , 

    2019.01
    , 

    Symposium, workshop panel (nominated), French-japanese CNRA-Keio U Project

  • Formal language and logic

    Mitsuhiro Okada

    "Logic, Language and Ontology" Workshop (Keio University) , 

    2018.11
    , 

    Oral presentation (invited, special), "Logic, Language and Ontology" Workshop Organizing Committ

  • Why "formal" is needed for algorithmic ethics?

    Mitsuhiro Okada

    French-Japanese Meeting for Algorithmic Fairness, 

    2018.10
    , 

    Oral presentation (general)

  • A system of quasi-ordinal diagrams

    OKADA, MITSUHIRO-Takahashi,Yuta

    The 20th International Workshop on Computation with Terms and Graphs (Oxford) , 

    2018.07
    , 

    Symposium, workshop panel (public), TermGraph2 018 Program Committee

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Research Projects of Competitive Funds, etc. 【 Display / hide 】

  • Interdisciplinary studies on philosophy of logic: Toward the development of philosophy of proof and demonstration

    2021.04
    -
    2026.03

    MEXT,JSPS, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Principal investigator

  • 論証・証明の哲学の深化に向けた学際的「論理の哲学」研究

    2021.04
    -
    2026.03

    JSPS, 科学研究費　, Mitsuhiro Okada, Koji Mineshima, Ryo Ito, 基盤研究(B), No Setting

  • 論理的「不一致」の解明

    2020.01
    -
    2024.03

    MEXT,JSPS, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Home-Returning Researcher Development Research (B)), Principal investigator

  • A New Development of "Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics" from the view point of "Philosophy of Proofs"

    2017.04
    -
    2022.03

    JSPS, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Mitsuhiro OKADA, Research grant, Principal investigator

    　View Summary

    We give new view points and new solutions to the fundamental issues in philosophy of logic and philosophy of mathematics

  • Information security research based on logical-formal methods-cruptographic protocols quantitative information flow analysys

    2016.04
    -
    2019.03

    JSPS, AYAME-Program (JSPS-INRIA), Mitsuhiro OKADA, Commissioned ｒesearch, Principal investigator

    　View Summary

    Weare developing theory and techniques of "provabl" secure cryptographic protocols, by which security properties are logically-formally provable.

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Works 【 Display / hide 】

  • 飯田「ウィトゲンシュタイン」書評

    2000
    -
    Present
    , 

    Other, Single

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    左記図書の書評

  • 公と私（石黒ひで氏との対談）

    1999.05
    -
    Present
    , 

    Other, Single

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    左記テーマでの対談

  • 「脳と心のモデル（安西他著）」書評

    1994
    -
    Present
    , 

    Other, Single

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    左記図書の書評

  • 大出「論理学入門」について

    1992.11
    -
    Present
    , 

    Other, Single

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    左記図書についての書評

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Other 【 Display / hide 】

  • 　View Details

    ＜書評＞ウィトゲンシュタイン：言語の限界 飯田隆著, 講談社, 1997年. 哲學, 104:77-83, 1999年12月.

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Courses Taught 【 Display / hide 】

  • CONTEMPORARY LOGIC ISSUES 2

    2022

  • CONTEMPORARY LOGIC ISSUES 1

    2022

  • COMPUTATIONAL LOGIC

    2022

  • ADVANCED STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS 2I

    2022

  • ADVANCED STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS 1I

    2022

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Social Activities 【 Display / hide 】

  • 三田哲学会誌「哲学」

    1997.04
    -
    2000.03
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Memberships in Academic Societies 【 Display / hide 】

  • Takeuti Symposium, 

    2003.12

  • Consciousness Meeting, 

    2003.12
    -
    Present

  • Workshop "Logic and Philosopy of Math", 

    2003.12

  • 「ヒルベルト・ワークショップ」, 

    2002.01
    -
    Present

  • 日仏情報学ワークショップ（フランス外務省主催）, 

    2001.12
    -
    Present

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Committee Experiences 【 Display / hide 】

  • 2020.04
    -
    Present

    Director of International Exchanges, Japan Association for Philosophy of Science

  • 2019.04
    -
    Present

    Chair of the Editorial Board, Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

  • 2019.01
    -
    Present

    大会実行委員会委員長, 日本科学哲学会

    　View Remarks

    2018年大会委員長内定

  • 2017.04
    -
    2020.03

    理事会理事, 日本科学基礎論学会

  • 2017.04
    -
    Present

    理事会理事, 日本科学哲学会

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