Details of a Researcher - Kawakubo, Shun

Papers - Kawakubo, Shun

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Maximizing worker potential: a comprehensive analysis of the workplace environment and personality factors that affect subjective productivity in simple tasks and creative activities

Arata S., Kawakubo S.

Intelligent Buildings International (Intelligent Buildings International) 15 ( 3 ) 93 - 108 2023.12

ISSN 17508975

The impact on productivity of working from home is unclear. This study explores how the residential environment and personal attributes influence subjective productivity during winter. Indoor temperature and relative humidity were measured, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to gather information on subjective productivity, work type, work style, and personality traits. Results from 198 respondents indicated that productivity in simple tasks increased with the frequency of working from home. In addition, workers in better residential environments were 1.76 times more likely to exhibit higher productivity in simple tasks compared with those in poorer residential environments. Therefore, improving the residential environment, including temperature and humidity control, is critical to enhance productivity in simple tasks. However, workers who worked from home every day had a 0.47 times lower probability of exhibiting greater creative productivity compared with those who went to the office at least once a week, suggesting a decline in creative productivity for fully remote workers. Thus, a combination of office and remote work would be expected to increase overall productivity. Subjective productivity also varied depending on personality traits. The findings suggest that to improve productivity, workplace policies should allow for flexibility in customizing work environments according to tasks and personalities.

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Economic benefits of the effects of office environment on perceived work efficiency and presenteeism

Arata S., Sugiuchi M., Ikaga T., Shiraishi Y., Hayashi T., Ando S., Kawakubo S.

Building and Environment (Building and Environment) 243 2023.09

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 03601323

s hubs of intellectual activity, offices are expected to promote work efficiency and support worker health. Many studies have analyzed the relationship of the office environment with work efficiency and the health of workers. However, few studies have compared the effects of various elements of the office environment on these outcomes and their economic benefits. To address this limitation, this study investigated the impact of various environmental elements on both work efficiency and health, and analyzed the economic benefits of optimizing these elements in office spaces. The impacts of each element of the office environment on work efficiency and worker health were analyzed for 1644 workers in 29 office buildings in Tokyo, Japan. Economic benefits were estimated by comparing perceived work efficiency to an ideal office and presenteeism to the absence of health-related barriers. The results showed that the office interior and furnishings provided the largest estimated economic benefits, followed by overall building sanitation and HVAC airflow. These elements produced economic benefits associated with high perceived work efficiency. The largest estimated economic benefits associated with low presenteeism was from desk lighting, which was the fourth largest economic benefit overall. The results suggest that healthy offices require not only improvements but also the removal of negative elements. These findings are expected to contribute to the realization of comfortable, healthy offices.

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Office thermal environment that maximizes workers’ thermal comfort and productivity

Kawakubo S., Sugiuchi M., Arata S.

Building and Environment (Building and Environment) 233 2023.04

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 03601323

Previous studies investigating the relationship between indoor environmental quality and worker productivity have suggested that thermal environment has a significant impact on worker productivity. Some of these studies reported that productivity was less than optimal when the environment was thermally neutral and comfortable (i.e., PMV = 0.0). However, the analyses in those studies did not consider personal attributes, and the data hierarchy resulting from the multiple responses of survey participants was also not considered. Thus, there is no consensus on the optimal temperature for worker productivity. In this study, a measurement survey and questionnaire survey were conducted to assess worker productivity in a thermally neutral and slightly cool environment while considering the personal attributes of workers. The survey was conducted with air conditioning set to PMV = 0.0 and −0.5 for 2 weeks during late spring in Tokyo, Japan. The results of a multilevel analysis considering data hierarchy revealed that the relationship between thermal sensation and productivity differed according to gender. Men were most productive when it was cooler than thermally neutral (thermal sensation = −0.61, between “−1. slightly cool” and “0. neutral”), while women were most productive when it was warmer than thermally neutral (thermal sensation = 0.23, between “0. neutral” and “1. slightly warm”). The relationship between thermal satisfaction and productivity suggests that there may be a difference in thermal sensation that maximizes productivity and thermal satisfaction. This study provides new knowledge regarding the office thermal environment that maximizes worker productivity and thermal satisfaction.

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VISUALIZATION OF INDOOR THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN A HIGHLY INSULATED APARTMENT HOUSE EQUIVALENT TO ZEH STANDARD BY UNSTEADY CFD ANALYSIS IN WINTER

荒田史朗, 川久保俊, 岩瀬静雄, 花多山隆士

AIJ Journal of Technology and Design (Architectural Institute of Japan) 28 ( 70 ) 1313 - 1318 2022.10

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1341-9463

In recent years, ZEH has been drawing attention as a house that achieves a net zero annual energy consumption. In the present study, an unsteady 48-hour CFD analysis in winter was conducted to visualize the thermal environment of Nearly ZEH-M. The results showed that Nearly ZEH-M had a good thermal environment, exceeding the recommended minimum temperature range of 18°C, even in rooms without air conditioner running. It was also found that even with high insulation performance, thermal environments differed slightly by dwelling unit locations.

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Influence of residential performance on residents' health status (part II): Nationwide survey of environmental performance of apartment buildings and residents' health status

Kawakubo S., Kamata T., Murakami S., Ikaga T., Hoshi T., Ando S.

Japan Architectural Review (Wiley) 5 ( 4 ) 576 - 591 2022.10

Research paper (scientific journal)

The residential environment clearly affects health. For example, a previous study has established relationships between specific environmental factors and the health status of residents in detached houses. However, studies focused on apartment buildings are still insufficient. Therefore, in this study, a large nationwide questionnaire survey of residents of apartments was conducted. The residential environment was subjectively evaluated using a Japanese Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) tool: the CASBEE Health Checklist. The results showed that residents living in apartments who score higher on the checklist tend to have a lower prevalence of various diseases, indicating that residential environment may be an important determinant of health. Furthermore, the odds ratios for residents living in apartment buildings were lower for diabetes mellitus, hypertensive diseases, heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases, and inflammatory polyarthropathies compared with residents living in detached houses. These findings support the general link between the residential environment and residents' health and suggest that housing typology is an important factor.

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Exploring the role of local governments as intermediaries to facilitate partnerships for the Sustainable Development Goals

Masuda H., Kawakubo S., Okitasari M., Morita K.

Sustainable Cities and Society (Elsevier) 82 2022.07

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 22106707

Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires localization and multi-stakeholder partnerships, and local governments have the best potential to act as intermediaries to facilitate partnerships. This study examines how local governments have facilitated partnerships for the SDGs, especially partnerships with private sectors. It focuses on how local governments conducted their intermediary roles from the perspective of sustainable transitions and analyzes Japanese cases. The results of our analysis provide the following suggestions for local governments to enhance their intermediary roles to facilitate partnerships for the SDGs. First, the SDGs should be recognized as a driver of sustainable transitions. Second, there needs a balance in terms of the level of the public sector's involvement in partnerships, so that local governments can maximize the benefits of informal networks in relation to SDG localization. Third, new intermediaries can be created by local governments. The findings of this study contribute to the growing body of literature on SDG localization and partnerships by identifying possible roles and suggestions that local governments can adopt as transition intermediaries.

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Study on productivity of office workers and power consumption of air conditioners in a mixed-mode ventilation building during springtime

Arata S., Kawakubo S.

Building and Environment (Elsevier) 214 2022.04

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 03601323

The thermal environment in offices affects the productivity of workers; thus, it is important to adjust the thermal environment appropriately with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. However, there is an urgent need to reduce the amount of energy used in the building sector for cooling, which has been rising. Mixed-mode ventilation has attracted attention as a means of decreasing air conditioning power consumption and improving the satisfaction of office workers. In the present study, a measurement survey and a questionnaire survey were conducted during springtime to investigate air conditioning power consumption during mixed-mode ventilation and to elucidate the relationship between the use of mixed-mode ventilation and productivity. The power consumption on the mixed-mode ventilation floors was less than that on the mechanical ventilation floors in the measurement period when the average outdoor air temperature was 21 °C, with savings ranging from 3.1% to 70.6%, although it varied widely with the weather conditions. The relationship between the use of mixed-mode ventilation and productivity was analyzed using multilevel analysis (hierarchical linear model), a method that considers the data hierarchy. Mixed-mode ventilation improved the productivity of male participants by about 9.1%, suggesting that mixed-mode ventilation could both decrease air conditioning power consumption and improve productivity during springtime. However, the increase in productivity of female participants was about 0.5%, indicating that there may be differences depending on gender. The present study has practical implications for promoting mixed-mode ventilation as a means to reduce air conditioning power consumption in offices and improve productivity.

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Quantitative Evaluation of the Contributions of Improved Housing Performances Toward Delivering Sustainable Development Goals by a Building Energy Simulation Tool

Serikawa M., Satoh M., Umishio W., Kawakubo S., Nakano J., Akimoto T., Ikaga T., Murakami S.

Sustainable Cities and Society (Elsevier) 79 2022.04

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 22106707

In 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) was adopted by all United Nations Member States. The indoor environment of residences affects the health of occupants regarding SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being). Meanwhile, a vast amount of energy is used to supply power to houses worldwide, which emit sufficient volumes of CO2 and affect climate change regarding SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). A key step to delivering on these SDGs is improving the thermal insulation of houses and housing equipment performance to reduce energy consumption and protect the health of the occupants by improving the indoor environment. This study presents an evaluation method for quantifying the contribution of improving housing performance toward delivering the SDGs. The proposed approach is primarily based on the results of heat load simulations. Meanwhile, blood pressure is predicted as an indicator of health by using the interior environment obtained by the simulation. A case study was performed, and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of improving the housing performance of newly constructed houses compared to heating and retrofit. The proposed method is versatile and can be adjusted for application to alternative locations, house designs, and lifestyles.

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Study on residential environment and workers’ personality traits on productivity while working from home

Kawakubo S., Arata S.

Building and Environment (Elsevier) 212 2022.03

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 03601323

Working from home has drawn more attention with the development of information and communications technology and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Although studies on working from home have been conducted in various academic fields, few have focused on residential environment and personality traits. In the present study, air temperature and humidity of the home workplace were measured and a questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the relationship between residential environment and personality traits and at-home work productivity. The results suggest that comprehensive productivity while working from home improved. However, when examining individual aspects of productivity, the productivity of information processing improved while that of knowledge processing and knowledge creation deteriorated. The results also suggest the importance of improving the residential environment when working from home because productivity while working from home rather than from the office improved with high evaluation of the residential environment. Moreover, productivity decreased for workers with high neuroticism and increased for those with high openness or perseverance and passion, suggesting that some personality traits are more or less suitable for working from home. To improve the productivity of all workers, these findings have practical implications for promoting appropriate maintenance of the residential environment and introducing flexible work styles that account for personality traits.

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A natural language processing model for supporting sustainable development goals: translating semantics, visualizing nexus, and connecting stakeholders

Matsui T., Suzuki K., Ando K., Kitai Y., Haga C., Masuhara N., Kawakubo S.

Sustainability Science (Springer Nature) 17 ( 3 ) 969 - 985 2022.02

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 18624065

Sharing successful practices with other stakeholders is important for achieving SDGs. In this study, with a deep-learning natural language processing model, bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), the authors aimed to build (1) a classifier that enables semantic mapping of practices and issues in the SDGs context, (2) a visualizing method of SDGs nexus based on co-occurrence of goals (3) a matchmaking process between local issues and initiatives that may embody solutions. A data frame was built using documents published by official organizations and multi-labels corresponding to SDGs. A pretrained Japanese BERT model was fine-tuned on a multi-label text classification task, while nested cross-validation was conducted to optimize the hyperparameters and estimate cross-validation accuracy. A system was then developed to visualize the co-occurrence of SDGs and to couple the stakeholders by evaluating embedded vectors of local challenges and solutions. The paper concludes with a discussion of four future perspectives to improve the natural language processing system. This intelligent information system is expected to help stakeholders take action to achieve the sustainable development goals.

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集合住宅の環境性能における消費者の重要度評価 : CASBEE評価基準に対する消費者意識分析

髙田秀之, 吉田好邦, 川久保俊

日本不動産学会誌 (公益社団法人日本不動産学会) 35 ( 3 ) 74 - 80 2021.12

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Last author, Accepted, ISSN 09113576

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SDGs mainstreaming at the local level: case studies from Japan

Masuda H., Okitasari M., Morita K., Katramiz T., Shimizu H., Kawakubo S., Kataoka Y.

Sustainability Science (Springer Nature) 16 ( 5 ) 1539 - 1562 2021.09

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 18624065

There has been increasing interest in local-level implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite the emergence of various initiatives undertaken by local governments, studies on the process of mainstreaming the 2030 Agenda within local contexts remain limited. This study is aimed at identifying possible approaches for supporting local governments in successfully mainstreaming the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs. We developed an analytical framework covering key components for local-level mainstreaming of the SDGs based on our review of recent policy guidelines for implementing the SDGs and the policy integration and coherence literature. Subsequently, we applied this framework within case studies of two designated municipalities under the Japanese government’s “SDGs Future Cities” initiative aimed at localizing the SDGs. The analysis demonstrated how local governments could develop and apply key components of the SDGs mainstreaming process. Our findings suggest that the following approaches can facilitate local governments’ efforts to mainstream the SDGs: first, municipalities can foster local ownership to address the challenges they face. Second, existing policy resources can be linked with formal procedures. Third, multi-stakeholder partnerships can be developed. Fourth, vertical communication channels can be established with international and national-level organizations. Overall, the article contributes to a growing literature on SDGs implementation at the local level by identifying key components required for their mainstreaming, introducing perspectives derived from Japanese case studies.

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Economic impact of environmental efficiency on sales price and used transaction price of apartment buildings empirical analysis using the assessment data of CASBEE Yokohama

Takada H., Yoshida Y., Kawakubo S., Yamaguchi A.

Japan Architectural Review (Japan Architectural Review) 4 ( 2 ) 313 - 319 2021.04

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 24758876

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of environmental efficiency of buildings on real estate prices. Therefore, based on the Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) of the local government, we investigated 485 apartment buildings assessed by CASBEE Yokohama. The analysis results revealed the following three points: <jats:list> <jats:list-item><jats:p>When the Built Environment Efficiency (BEE) value increased by one point, the average unit price increased by 5.5%.</jats:p></jats:list-item> <jats:list-item><jats:p>A one‐point increase in the BEE value has a positive impact of 1.63% on the annual rate of change of used transaction price.</jats:p></jats:list-item> <jats:list-item><jats:p>It is economically advantageous to purchase an apartment building with a high BEE value when considering future sales.

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環境性能が集合住宅の販売価格及び中古取引価格に与える影響　CASBEE横浜の評価結果を用いた実証分析

高田秀之, 吉田好邦, 川久保俊, 山口歩太

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (一般社団法人日本建築学会) ( 767 ) 89 - 95 2020.01

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

CFD ANALYSIS CONSIDERING REGIONAL TOPOGRAPHY AND MEASUREMENT OF THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN GASSHO-STYLE HOUSES IN SHIRAKAWA VILLAGE

Yuki Ogawa, Kiyotaka Deguchi, Shun Kawakubo, Tsubasa Okaze

AIJ Journal of Technology and Design (Architectural Institute of Japan) 84 ( 763 ) 865 - 872 2019.09

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1348-0685

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RESEARCH ON IMPLEMENTATION LEVEL OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGs) IN JAPANESE LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

Shun Kawakubo, Shuzo Murakami, Akiko Chujo

AIJ Journal of Technology and Design (Architectural Institute of Japan) 24 ( 58 ) 1125 - 1128 2018.10

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1341-9463

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Influence of residential performance on residents’ health status: Nationwide survey of environmental performance of detached houses and residents’ health status

Shun Kawakubo, Toshiharu Ikaga, Shuzo Murakami, Tanji Hoshi, Shintaro Ando

International Journal of Japan Architectural Review for Engineering and Design (JAR) (Wiley) 1 ( 2 ) 271 - 279 2018.01

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Accepted, ISSN 2475-8876

Sustainability assessment of cities: SDGs and GHG emissions

Shun Kawakubo, Shuzo Murakami, Toshiharu Ikaga, Yasushi Asami

Building Research and Information (Taylor & Francis ) 46 ( 5 ) 528 - 539 2017.08

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Accepted, ISSN 1466-4321

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Resilience Assessment of Major Japanese Cities Based on Public Statistical Information

川久保俊、田中充、馬場健司

環境科学会誌 (日本環境学会) 30 ( 3 ) 215 - 224 2017.05

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Accepted, ISSN 18845029

災害や各種リスクに対応し得るレジリエントな都市の実現を目指すにあたり，目標達成に向けた進捗状況の把握，課題の発見は極めて重要なプロセスである。この際に適切な指標を設定し，公開されている統計情報に基づきながら都市のレジリエンス性を推計することができれば，人的，物的，時間的コストを抑えつつ，実態の把握が可能となることからその有用性は高い。そこで，本研究では都市のレジリエンス性を測るための指標群（都市レジリエンス性評価指標）を開発し，その適用可能性の検証を行うことを目的として，日本の大都市のレジリエンス性の評価を実施した。都市レジリエンス性評価指標の開発に際して，はじめに各省庁の基幹統計や大都市比較統計年表等の公開統計情報の精査を行いつつ，都市のレジリエンス性を測定し得る指標の候補をリストアップした。続いて，①データの収集容易性，②データの信頼性，③指標の代表性，④地域普遍性，⑤政策適用性等の基準を全て満たす指標のみを残し，最終的に18個の指標を都市レジリエンス性評価指標として選定した。さらに東京都区部および政令指定都市に関する公開統計情報を収集した上で検証的主成分分析を実施し，その結果に基づいて18個の都市レジリエンス性評価指標を統合し，各都市の予防力，順応力，転換力を評価するための統合評価指標を開発した。そして三つの統合評価指標を用いて日本の大都市のレジリエンス性評価を実施し，各都市の実態や特徴を明らかにした。

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学生の着座位置と講義中の心理状態に関する時空間統計解析 -階段教室における温熱環境が学生の心理と集中力に及ぼす影響その2-

佐藤直哉, 川久保俊, 出口清孝

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (日本建築学会) 81 ( 729 ) 961 - 969 2016.11

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1348-0685

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