Details of a Researcher - OSAWA Hirotaka

Papers - OSAWA Hirotaka

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Transformation of Relaxation Time: Proposal of Touch Care Using Tapping Robot

Minori Furusawa, Hirotaka Osawa

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Springer) 14685 75 - 90 2024.07

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Exploring Changes in Social Distance and Participant Discomfort with Virtual Robot Head and Visual Familiarity

Tomoya Minegishi, Hirotaka Osawa

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Springer) 14685 139 - 155 2024.07

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Analysis of discourse structure and idea support in SF prototyping

Hirotaka Osawa

ESTIDIA Conference Exploring Real-life, Fictional and Virtual Dialogue: Similarities, Differences and Complementarities 2024.06

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author

Proposing a Virtual Agent to Enhance Discussion through Idea Presentation

Tomoya Minegishi, Hirotaka Osawa

Annual conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2024.05

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Last author

Proposing a Virtual Agent to Enhance Discussion through Idea Presentation

Reo Fujiki, Tomoya Minegishi, Hirotaka Osawa

Annual conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2024.05

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Last author

Proposing a Virtual Agent to Enhance Discussion through Idea Presentation

Kazuhiro Kudo, Hirotaka Osawa, Tomoya Minegishi

Annual conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2024.05

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work

Representation of Openness to Experience Using a Large Language Model Chat System

Hibiki Harano, Hirotaka Osawa

HAI symposium 2024 2024.03

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Last author

Analysis of the risks of artificial intelligence as portrayed in science fiction works

Hibiki Harano, Hirotaka Osawa

HAI symposium 2024 2024.03

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Last author

Human interpersonal distance and impression analysis of a Virtual Robot Head

Misuzu Ando, Tomoya Minegishi, Hirotaka Osawa

HAI symposium 2024 2024.03

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Last author

Interactive interaction between agent and toddler in a make-believe experience

Kazuma Ichikawa, Hirotaka Osawa

HAI symposium 2024 2024.03

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Last author

Analysis of Implicit Signals in the Cooperative Card Game Hanabi

Kansei Miyata, Hirotaka Osawa

HAI symposium 2024 2024.03

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Last author

Metaverse Perspectives from Japan: A Participatory Speculative Design Case Study.

Michel Hohendanner, Chiara Ullstein, Dohjin Miyamoto, Emma Fukuwatari Huffman, Gudrun Socher, Jens Grossklags, Hirotaka Osawa

CoRR abs/2401.17428 2024

Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution), Joint Work, Last author

Access to Document (DOI)

Cooperative Principle in Cybernetic Avatar: Guideline for Merging Teleoperation with Multiple Users

Hirotaka Osawa, Taichi Sono

International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems 2023.12

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Impact on sense of agency of work sharing when multiple people successfully collaborate with constrained work

Taichi Sono, Hirotaka Osawa

International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems 2023.12

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Social Pressure in Co-Manipulation: From Verification of Refrains in Communication During Fusion Avatar Manipulation

Taichi Sono, Hirotaka Osawa

International Conference on Collaboration Technologies and Social Computing (Springer) 2023.08

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Comparative Study of Roadmapping and Sci-fi Prototyping Methods to Develop a Knowledge Management Framework

Miwa Nishinaka, Kunio Shirahada, Yusuke Kishita, Hisashi Masuda, Hideaki Takeda, Dohjin Miyamoto, Hirotaka Osawa

Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (IEEE) 2023.07

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Human-agent interaction as augmentation of social intelligence.

Hirotaka Osawa

Artificial Life and Robotics (Artificial Life and Robotics) 28 ( 2 ) 273 - 281 2023.05

Research paper (scientific journal), Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 14335298

Access to Document (DOI)

Analysis of Participants’ Discourse in a Workshop using Creating Writing: the Importance of Divergence and Discussion Procedures for Future Vision Formation

Tomoya MINEGISHI, Hirotaka OSAWA, Dohjin MIYAMOTO, Atsuya FUJIMOTO, Miwa NISHINAKA

Global Business Journal (Society of Global Business) 9 ( 1 ) 10 - 19 2023.02

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

Improvement of the Sense of Control Subjectivity during Environmental Interaction via a Teleoperation Presentation Correction Method Based on Nearest Neighbor Computation

Taichi Sono, Hirotaka Osawa

Transactions of Information Processing Society of Japan (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 64 ( 2 ) 430 - 446 2023.02

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

良い倫理的意思決定のための倫理綱領――研究・イノベーションと倫理

Kukita Minao

電子情報通信学会誌 106(3) 178 - 183 2023

Research paper (scientific journal)

AIWolfDial 2023: Summary of Natural Language Division of 5th International AIWolf Contest.

Yoshinobu Kano, Neo Watanabe, Kaito Kagaminuma, Claus Aranha, Jaewon Lee, Benedek Hauer, Hisaichi Shibata, Soichiro Miki, Yuta Nakamura, Takuya Okubo, Soga Shigemura, Rei Ito, Kazuki Takashima, Tomoki Fukuda, Masahiro Wakutani, Tomoya Hatanaka, Mami Uchida, Mikio Abe, Akihiro Mikami, Takashi Otsuki, Zhiyang Qi, Kei Harada, Michimasa Inaba, Daisuke Katagami, Hirotaka Osawa, Fujio Toriumi

INLG (Generation Challenges) 84 - 100 2023

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Accepted

Evaluating Sci-fi Readers’ Perspective: Correlation between Immersive Emotion and Speculative Factors

Yuuki Namba, Miwa Nishinaka, Sachiko Kiyokawa, Dohjin Miyamoto, Tomoya Minegishi, Ryu Miyata, Hirotaka Osawa

IIAI Letters on Informatics and Interdisciplinary Research (International Institute of Applied Informatics) 3 1 - 1 2023

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Interaction in remote peddling using avatar robot by people with disabilities

Takashi Kanetsuna, Kazuaki Takeuchi, Hiroaki Kato, Taichi Sono, Hirotaka Osawa, Kentaro Yoshifuji, Yoichi Yamazaki

International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction 2022.12

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work, Accepted

Social agents as catalysts: Social dynamics in the classroom with book introduction robot.

Hirotaka Osawa, Kohei Horino, Takuya Sato

Frontiers in Robotics and AI (Frontiers in Robotics and AI) 9 2022.11

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

One of the possible benefits of robot-mediated education is the effect of the robot becoming a catalyst between people and facilitating learning. In this study, the authors focused on an asynchronous active learning method mediated by robots. Active learning is believed to help students continue learning and develop the ability to think independently. Therefore, the authors improved the UGA (User Generated Agent) system that we have created for long-term active learning in COVID-19 to create an environment where children introduce books to each other via robots. The authors installed the robot in an elementary school and conducted an experiment lasting more than a year. As a result, it was confirmed that the robot could continue to be used without getting bored even over a long period of time. They also analyzed how the children created the contents by analyzing the contents that had a particularly high number of views. In particular, the authors observed changes in children’s behavior, such as spontaneous advertising activities, guidance from upperclassmen to lowerclassmen, collaboration with multiple people, and increased interest in technology, even under conditions where the new coronavirus was spreading and children’s social interaction was inhibited.

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レクチャーシリーズ：「AI 哲学マップ」〔第10 回〕SF から読み解く人工知能の可能性と課題

鈴木貴之, 大澤博隆, 清田陽司, 三宅陽一郎, 大内孝子

人工知能 (一般社団法人人工知能学会) 37 ( 5 ) 649 - 660 2022.09

Joint Work, ISSN 2188-2266

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SFプロトタイピングを手助けする多人数同時接続型Webアプリケーションの試作

峯岸朋弥, 宮本道人, 大澤博隆

研究報告グループウェアとネットワークサービス 2022-GN-11 ( 18 ) 1 - 4 2022.03

Joint Work, Last author

Visions of Artificial Intelligence and Robots in Science Fiction: a computational analysis

Hirotaka Osawa, Dohjin Miyamoto, Satoshi Hase, Reina Saijo, Kentaro Fukuchi, Yoichiro Miyake

International Journal of Social Robotics (Springer Science and Business Media LLC) 14 ( 10 ) 2123 - 2133 2022

Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 18754791

Abstract

Driven by the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) and anthropomorphic robotic systems, the various possibilities and risks of such technologies have become a topic of urgent discussion. Although science fiction (SF) works are often cited as references for visions of future developments, this framework of discourse may not be appropriate for serious discussions owing to technical inaccuracies resulting from its reliance on entertainment media. However, these science fiction works could help researchers understand how people might react to new AI and robotic systems. Hence, classifying depictions of artificial intelligence in science fiction may be expected to help researchers to communicate more clearly by identifying science fiction elements to which their works may be similar or dissimilar. In this study, we analyzed depictions of artificial intelligence in SF together with expert critics and writers. First, 115 AI systems described in SF were selected based on three criteria, including diversity of intelligence, social aspects, and extension of human intelligence. Nine elements representing their characteristics were analyzed using clustering and principal component analysis. The results suggest the prevalence of four distinctive categories, including human-like characters, intelligent machines, helpers such as vehicles and equipment, and infrastructure, which may be mapped to a two-dimensional space with axes representing intelligence and humanity. This research contributes to the public relations of AI and robotic technologies by analyzing shared imaginative visions of AI in society based on SF works.

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The Proposal of Cooperative Behavior Analysis using Cognitive Model in Hanabi Game

KAWAGOE Atsushi, OSAWA Hirotaka

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI2022 ( 0 ) 4I3OS26b04 - 4I3OS26b04 2022

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author

The cooperative game Hanabi is a suitable interactive subject for analyzing cooperative behavior based on implicit intention communication. In recent years, research has been conducted to analyze people's cooperative behavior by comparing the results of cooperating with several Hanabi agents that behave differently. However, these methods have problems such as large costs of experiment with human subjects and the inability to directly observe human's internal psychological states. One solution to these problems is to use models created on cognitive architectures, which are used to reproduce human behavior, and conduct simulations. In this study, we simulated the Hanabi game using model, developed on the cognitive architecture ACT-R, with and without risky actions. As a result, we found that the time spent per game changed similarly to that of the human Hanabi game. It was also suggested that having risky actions as options reduced the learning efficiency to improve scores and increased time required for action. In addition, memory retrieval was found to be a factor that increased the time required for action decisions in Hanabi play.

Value Awareness Support based on Visualized Clues for Group Discussion

Yoshizoe Mamoru, Hattori Hiromitsu, Ema Arisa, Osawa Hirotaka, Kanzaki Nobutsugu, Kukita Minao, Ogawa Yuki

The Transactions of Human Interface Society (Human Interface Society) 23 ( 4 ) 501 - 512 2021.11

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1344-7262

We are now faced with the wall of the diversity of values. We are often required to consider or respect the values of other people though, it is not easy to sense them since we tend to think within our scope of knowledge, experience, and imagination. We have worked on how to exchange values and achieve a synergetic effect among people. In this paper, we are presenting our prototype system, called AIR-VAS, aiming to support becoming aware of values in group discussion. AIR-VAS has been developed as the system which recognizes characteristic opinions of a group and shares them among all engaging groups on the discussion. The recognized and shared opinion is based on the values of the people of the group. Through the sharing of opinion, people can know the different viewpoints on the issue of the current discussion, so that AIR-VAS can provide stimulation to people for idea generation. We have developed AIR-VAS on the approach that visualizing statements, which are presented during a discussion, as the word co-occurrence network. We implemented opinion sharing as the process of the network re-construction including presented sub-network as an opinion of a certain group. According to the experimental usage of the developed system, we analyzed the relationship between discussion and visualized information, and discuss what information gives awareness.

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Accuracy of Interpersonal Distance and Line of Sight Between a Virtual Robot Head and Humans

Tomoya MINEGISHI, Hirotaka OSAWA

Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics (Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics) 33 ( 4 ) 757 - 767 2021.11

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted, ISSN 1347-7986

Access to Document (DOI)

Tele-Nininbaori: Intentional Harmonization in Cybernetic Avatar with Simultaneous Operation by Two-persons.

Hirotaka Osawa, Taichi Sono

HAI '21: International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction(HAI) (ACM) 235 - 240 2021.11

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Advances in technology have made it possible for people who could not participate in work due to difficulties in social participation to work. It is becoming easier for people who have lost their abilities due to the decline in their abilities as a result of aging or due to some kind of disability to enter work remotely. However, the lack of capacity of these people hinders the implementation of the task. In order to compensate for the lack of human ability and promote remote participation in society, the idea of supplementing a part of remote human ability has been proposed as in Cybernetic Avatar. However, it is not easy to automate the capabilities required at work. In this study, the authors propose a remote-controlled avatar method for people who lack the ability to temporarily borrow the ability of others. The study looked at the models needed for these avatars, and created a prototype to see what problems could arise when working. As a result of the verification, three gestures were observed: symbol gesture, motion gesture, and shape gesture. In addition, as the intention arbitration between the two is performed smoothly, it was observed that the intention arbitration changes from the motion gesture to the symbol gesture.

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Emergence of Cooperative Impression With Self-Estimation, Thinking Time, and Concordance of Risk Sensitivity in Playing Hanabi.

Hirotaka Osawa, Atsushi Kawagoe, Eisuke Sato, Takuya Kato

Frontiers in Robotics and AI (Frontiers in Robotics and AI) 8 658348 - 658348 2021.10

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

The authors evaluate the extent to which a user’s impression of an AI agent can be improved by giving the agent the ability of self-estimation, thinking time, and coordination of risk tendency. The authors modified the algorithm of an AI agent in the cooperative game Hanabi to have all of these traits, and investigated the change in the user’s impression by playing with the user. The authors used a self-estimation task to evaluate the effect that the ability to read the intention of a user had on an impression. The authors also show thinking time of an agent influences impression for an agent. The authors also investigated the relationship between the concordance of the risk-taking tendencies of players and agents, the player’s impression of agents, and the game experience. The results of the self-estimation task experiment showed that the more accurate the estimation of the agent’s self, the more likely it is that the partner will perceive humanity, affinity, intelligence, and communication skills in the agent. The authors also found that an agent that changes the length of thinking time according to the priority of action gives the impression that it is smarter than an agent with a normal thinking time when the player notices the difference in thinking time or an agent that randomly changes the thinking time. The result of the experiment regarding concordance of the risk-taking tendency shows that influence player’s impression toward agents. These results suggest that game agent designers can improve the player’s disposition toward an agent and the game experience by adjusting the agent’s self-estimation level, thinking time, and risk-taking tendency according to the player’s personality and inner state during the game.

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Evaluation of Future Vision Creation Using SF Prototyping

Hirotaka Osawa, Dohjin Miyamoto, Atsuya Fujimoto, Hozuma Sekine

Interaction 2021 2021.03

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author

Negotiation in Hidden Identity: Designing Protocol for Werewolf Game

Osawa, Hirotaka, Otsuki, Takashi, Aranha, Claus de Castro, Toriumi, Fujio

In Twelfth International Workshop on Agent-based Complex Automated Negotiations (ACAN2019) (Studies in Computational Intelligence) 958 87 - 102 2021

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1860949X

The automation of complex negotiations is required to coordinate various AIs. In complex negotiations, the goals of each agent may not be shared because some agents may benefit from not disclosing their own information during negotiation. This uncooperative situation requires an agent to have the ability to infer the intention of the others from the communication, and also to persuade the others through communication. Such negotiation in hidden identity is a pioneering area on negotiation research. In the past, the authors have proposed an AI competition in the Werewolf game in order to research negotiation in hidden identity. To eliminate noise caused by the difficulty of handling natural language, it is necessary to create a model of communication between agents in such a competition. In this paper, we analyze the elements necessary for communication between agents in the Werewolf game and design the protocol between agents based on this analysis.

Concordance of Risk Tendency Increases User's Satisfaction: Verification of Agents in Cooperative Game Hanabi

Atsushi Kawagoe, Hirotaka Osawa

HAI 2020 - Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction (ACM) 140 - 148 2020.11

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

The game agents in cooperative game must be not only intelligent but also acceptable to the player to provide a good game experience. A particularly important factor in implementing an acceptable agent is to make the risk-taking tendency closer to the player. People tend to be attracted to people who has same preference and make similar behavior with themselves. Thus, it is estimated that people are also attracted to cooperative game agents who has same tendency. In this study, we implemented two agents with different risk-taking tendencies. Participants evaluated gameplay with each agent. As a result, Participants with a high-risk taking tendency perceived that agents with a high-risk taking tendency understood the rules of the game more. And vice versa. This suggests that it is possible to improve the player's game experience by making the agent's risk tendency similar to the player's one.

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HAI 2020 Chairs' Welcome

Mohammad Obaid, Omar Mubin, Yukie Nagai, Hirotaka Osawa, Yomna Abdelrahman, Morten Fjeld

HAI 2020 - Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction III - IV 2020.11

Joint Work

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Do You Move Unconsciously? Accuracy of Social Distance and Line of Sight between a Virtual Robot Head and Humans

Tomoya Minegishi, Hirotaka Osawa

29th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, RO-MAN 2020 (IEEE) 503 - 508 2020.08

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

In this paper, we examine the effectiveness of the social distance between a virtual agent and users, and the gaze instruction using a display that can be viewed stereoscopically without using any wearable devices. An actual robot cannot always maintain an appropriate interpersonal distance, through nonverbal gestures owing to its limited range of motion. Because large movements may harm humans, the nonverbal gestures of robots are limited in the real world. In this work, 14 participants were asked how far they wanted to move from a robot posing as a museum guide agent. They were also asked to identify the point at which they felt the agent was gazing. There was a significant distance between the initial position and the position to which the participants moved in the first task under two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) scenarios. The participants moved a significant distance in the first task. In the gaze estimation task, however, the error between the 3D and 2D evaluations was significantly lesser, at a point far from the agent.

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Social Glasses: Simulating Interactive Gaze for Visually Impaired People in Face-to-Face Communication

Shi Qiu, Jun Hu, Ting Han, Hirotaka Osawa, Matthias Rauterberg

International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC) 36 ( 9 ) 839 - 855 2020.05

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 10447318

Eye contact is crucial in social interactions, linking with sincerity and friendliness. However, blind people cannot see and make eye contact when they communicate with sighted people. It influences the involvement of blind people in blind-sighted conversations. Based on this context, we implemented Social glasses with an eye-tracking system, aiming to improve the communication quality between blind and sighted people in face-to-face conversations. Social glasses attempts to simulate the appropriate gaze for blind people, especially establishing the “eye contact” in blind-sighted conversations. To evaluate the impact of the interactive gaze displayed on the Social glasses, we performed dyadic-conversation tests under four experimental conditions (No Gaze, Constant Gaze, Random Gaze, and Interactive Gaze) for 40 participants. Quantitative results showed that the Interactive gaze has a positive impact on improving the communication quality between blind and sighted people, which were consistent with a qualitative analysis of the participants’ comments.

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ENVISIONING FUTURE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WITH SCIENCE FICTION

Hirotaka Osawa, Satoshi Hase, Dohjin Miyamoto, Reina Saijo, Kentaro Fukuchi, Yoichiro Miyake

Technologos (PNRPU Publishing House) 2020 ( 2 ) 42 - 52 2020.02

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2687-0266

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シンポジウム「Sai・Fi:Science and Fiction SFの想像力×科学技術」パネルセッション採録

上田早夕里, 劉慈欣, 藤井/太洋, 長谷敏司, 立原透耶, 大澤博隆, 山崎敬一

SFマガジン = SF magazine (東京 : 早川書房) 61 ( 1 ) 317 - 321 2020.02

講評会 : 山田胡瓜先生を囲んで

山田胡瓜, 中村裕美, 福地健太郎, 寺島裕貴, 大澤博隆, 加藤淳, 宮本道人, 米澤朋子, 江渡浩一郎, 塩見昌裕, 倉本到, 新山龍馬, 渡邊淳司, 宮本隆史, 前田太郎, 水野雄太, 櫻井翔

情報処理 : 情報処理学会誌 : IPSJ magazine (東京 : 情報処理学会 ; 1960-) 61 ( 1 ) 71 - 77 2020.01

ISSN 04478053

Editors' Introduction to "Diversity and AI Research Communities"

伊藤,貴之, 大澤,博隆, 清田,陽司, 坊農,真弓

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 35 ( 5 ) 598 - 601 2020

Joint Work, ISSN 2188-2266

Reducing Partner's Cognitive Load by Estimating the Level of Understanding in the Cooperative Game Hanabi.

Eisuke Sato, Hirotaka Osawa

Advances in Computer Games - 16th International Conference(ACG) (Springer) 12516 LNCS 11 - 23 2020

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted, ISSN 03029743

Hanabi is a cooperative game for ordering cards through information exchange, and has been studied from various cooperation aspects, such as self-estimation, psychology, and communication theory. Cooperation is achieved in terms of not only increased scores, but also reduced cognitive load for the players. Therefore, while evaluating AI agents playing a cooperative game, evaluation indexes other than scores must be considered. In this study, an agent algorithm was developed that follows the human thought process for guessing the AI’s strategy by utilizing the length of thinking time of the human player and changing the estimation reliability, and the influence of this agent on game scores, cognitive load, and human impressions of the agent was investigated. Thus, thinking time was used as an indicator of cognitive load, and the results showed that it is inversely proportional to the confidence of choice. Furthermore, it was found that the mean thinking time of the human player was shortened when the agent used the thinking time of the player, as compared with the estimation of the conventional agent, and this did not affect human impression. There was no significant difference in the achieved score and success rate of the estimation by changing the estimation reliability according to the thinking time. The above results suggest that the agent developed in this study could reduce the cognitive load of the players without influencing performance.

Challenges and Main Results of the Automated Negotiating Agents Competition (ANAC) 2019.

Reyhan Aydogan, Tim Baarslag, Katsuhide Fujita, Johnathan Mell, Jonathan Gratch, Dave de Jonge, Yasser Mohammad, Shinji Nakadai, Satoshi Morinaga, Hirotaka Osawa, Claus Aranha, Catholijn M. Jonker

7 th International Conference on Agreement Technologies (Springer) 12520 LNAI 366 - 381 2020

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 03029743

The Automated Negotiating Agents Competition (ANAC) is a yearly-organized international contest in which participants from all over the world develop intelligent negotiating agents for a variety of negotiation problems. To facilitate the research on agent-based negotiation, the organizers introduce new research challenges every year. ANAC 2019 posed five negotiation challenges: automated negotiation with partial preferences, repeated human-agent negotiation, negotiation in supply-chain management, negotiating in the strategic game of Diplomacy, and in the Werewolf game. This paper introduces the challenges and discusses the main findings and lessons learnt per league.

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An evaluation of a wearable assistive device for augmenting social interactions

Shi Qiu, Jun Hu, Ting Han, Hirotaka Osawa, Matthias Rauterberg

IEEE Access (IEEE Access) 8 164661 - 164677 2020

Joint Work, Accepted

Gaze behaviors contain rich information regarding a person's emotions and engagements. Reciprocal eye contact can invoke feelings of liking between two strangers. But blind people cannot perceive and establish the eye contact with sighted counterparts, causing their feelings of social isolation and low confidence in conversations. Thus, our research purpose is to let blind people perceive and react gaze behaviors in social interactions. A Social Glasses system has been implemented iteratively to deliver the multisensory feedback channels of the "eye contact", integrating both visual and tactile feedback. Specifically, the system consists of a Social Glasses device and a tactile wristband, which are worn by a blind person. The Social Glasses simulates the natural gaze for the blind person, aiming at establishing the "eye contact" between blind and sighted people. The tactile wristband enables the blind person to perceive the corresponding tactile feedback when an "eye contact" happens. To test the system, we conducted a user experiment with 40 participants, including 10 blind-sighted pairs (N = 20) and 10 blindfolded-sighted pairs (N = 20), to see how it could help increase the communication quality between blind and sighted people, as well as to suggest implications for its design. Our main findings demonstrated that both the simulated gaze and the tactile feedback were significantly effective to enhance the communication quality in blind-sighted conversations. Overall, we contribute (1) empirical research findings on how a Social Glasses system enhances the communication quality in blind-sighted conversations; and (2) design principles to inform future assistive wearable device for augmenting social interactions.

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Research of correlation between personality of humans and evaluation of the game agent in cooperative game Hanabi

KAWAGOE,Atsushi, OSAWA,Hirotaka

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2020 ( 0 ) 2F4OS20a03 - 2F4OS20a03 2020

Joint Work, Last author

When we meet a person for the first time, impression of the person is positively correlated with the similarity of the personality. In this paper, the authors researches on whether such a correlation appears even between human and game agent. The author uses AI plays cooperative card game Hanabi as the game agent. The author implemented two kinds of Hanabi agent which has difference on tendency to take risky plays. Participants of an experiment played Hanabi with both agents and evaluate them. As a result, there are some positive correlations between humans' points of view of risk and failure and their evaluation in similar agent. This suggests that we need to take difference of users' personality into account when we design cooperative AI.

AI Wolf Contest : After the International Contest and the Natural Language Contest

鳥海,不二夫, 狩野,芳伸, 大槻,恭士, 大澤,博隆, アランニャ,クラウス, 稲葉,通将, 片上,大輔

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 35 ( 3 ) 344 - 350 2020

Joint Work, ISSN 2188-2266

Consider the Implications of Integrating Gender into AI

藤堂,健世, 佐久間,洋司, 大澤,博隆

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 35 ( 5 ) 627 - 637 2020

Joint Work, Last author, ISSN 2188-2266

Research Trends on Hanabi Competition : Mutual Cooperation under Imperfect Information

大澤,博隆

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 35 ( 3 ) 385 - 389 2020

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

HAI '20: 8th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, Virtual Event, Australia, November 10-13, 2020

HAI (ACM) 2020

Joint Work

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How to Represent and Organize AI Researcher's Community

大澤, 博隆

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 35 ( 5 ) 613 - 617 2020

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

Discussion Issues on Social Implementation of Intelligent Agents From the Case of "AI Sakura-san"

藤堂,健世, 佐久間,洋司, 大澤,博隆, 清田,陽司

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 35 ( 5 ) 638 - 642 2020

Joint Work, ISSN 2188-2266

Analysis of Artificial Intelligence in Science Fiction

OSAWA Hirotaka, MIYAMOTO Dohjin, HASE Satoshi, SAIJO Reina, FUKUCHI Kentaro, MIYAKE Youichiro

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI2020 ( 0 ) 2Q5OS13b02 - 2Q5OS13b02 2020

The various possibilities and risks of artificial intelligence are currently being discussed as an urgent issue for rapid AI development for real-world applications. Even the media and researchers often cite science fiction as a vision of the future. But because of the technological inaccuracies of entertainment, it's not always appropriate to bring these AI in science fiction to serious discussion in the future. On the other hand, some science fiction themes play an active role in reminding people of new visions. To understand the mixed effects of science fiction in the field of AI, the authors analyzed how AI was described in science fiction with science fiction critics and writers. First, we selected 115 AI stories in science fiction based on three criteria: intellectual diversity, social dimensions, and expansion of human intelligence. Eleven factors representing AI characteristics were analyzed using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results suggest that there are four characteristic AI clusters in SF. They are people, machines, helpers, infrastructure, and mapped to two-dimensional space. They are intelligence and humanity.

ビデオ人狼での他者説得に見られる非言語情報の調査

Osawa Hirotaka

日本認知科学会第37回大会 2020 1010 - 1013 2020

Envisioning the Future : Lessons from "AI no Idenshi"：0. Foreword

福地, 健太郎, 大澤, 博隆, 宮本, 道人

情報処理 61 ( 1 ) 12 - 13 2019.12

Joint Work

Envisioning the Future : Lessons from "AI no Idenshi"：3. Review Meeting with Kyuri Yamada

山田, 胡瓜, 福地, 健太郎, 大澤, 博隆, 宮本, 道人, 江渡, 浩一郎, 倉本, 到, 渡邊, 淳司, 前田, 太郎, 中村, 裕美, 寺島, 裕貴, 加藤, 淳, 米澤, 朋子, 塩見, 昌裕, 新山, 龍馬, 宮本, 隆史, 水野, 雄太, 櫻井, 翔

情報処理 61 ( 1 ) 71 - 77 2019.12

Joint Work

研究者に，漫画家・山田胡瓜流のSF作劇手法を学んでもらった上でSF作品を書いてもらうという『情報処理』特集記事「『AIの遺電子』に学ぶ未来構想術」に寄せられた内の12作品を対象に，山田胡瓜氏を囲んで実施された講評会の様子を記す．各作品に対して，山田氏に加えて講評会に参加した研究らが，その意義や現実の社会に与えうるインパクトについての議論がなされた．議論の中で，『AIの遺電子』に描かれなかった設定についても山田氏本人から語られる場面があった．

書評テレンス・J・セイノフスキー著，銅谷賢治監訳：ディープラーニング革命，400 pp.，ニュートンプレス（2019）

大澤,博隆

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 34 ( 34 ) 948 - 949 2019.11

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

Cover Comment : A Future Design of AI and AI Society from a View of the World the Creators Made

大澤, 博隆, 三宅, 陽一郎, 大内, 孝子

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 34 ( 34 ) 950 - 957 2019.11

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

企画セッション虚構と技術は人をどう変えるか : 「未来社会の知能・虚構・リアリティ」レポート

大澤博隆

人工知能 : 人工知能学会誌 : journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (東京 : 人工知能学会 ; 2014-) 34 ( 6 ) 835 - 838 2019.11

ISSN 21882266

Power of looking together: an analysis of social facilitation by Agent's mutual gaze.

Takuya Toyono, Hirotaka Osawa

IET Cyper-Phys. Syst.: Theory & Appl. (IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory and Applications) 4 ( 3 ) 204 - 208 2019.09

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

The authors investigated the effect of gaze tracking of humans by an agent. Psychological studies have shown that the presence of others facilitates task with implying partnership. This effect also occurs if the presence of others is replaced with a robot. Furthermore, the previous research showed that being touched by a robot motivates a person. However, direct contact such as the touch of a robot has a risk of disturbing human work. The authors used gaze tracking for social facilitation because gaze tracking can also facilitate human efforts and implemented a social facilitation robot agent by using gaze tracking. The agent projects its face on a surface to show quickly changing expressions, which is difficult to achieve with ordinary robots. The agent can also express gaze tracking by implementing eye trackers. The authors prepared three conditions with monotonous tasks to compare the effects of gaze tracking: The agent gazes at the instructed point moves its gaze randomly and traces the gaze point of a participant. The results showed that the participants' motivation increased if the agent is tracking gazed point by a human, even though there are no differences between the achievement scores of the task and the continuation time.

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Cover Comment : The New Landscape of Human and the Analyzer in Yamato 2202

高島雄哉, 大澤博隆, 聞き手:三宅陽一郎

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 34 ( 34 ) 749 - 754 2019.09

Joint Work, ISSN 2188-2266

欧州SATORIプロジェクトにおける研究開発倫理ガイドライン開発(1)背景と概要

大谷卓史, 大澤博隆, 久木田水生, 西條玲奈

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 119 ( 140 ) 333 - 340 2019.07

ISSN 09135685

Learning Ecosystem in Elementary School Using Modifiable Humanoid Robot.

Takuya Sato, Hirotaka Osawa

14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction(HRI) (IEEE) 2019-March 596 - 597 2019.03

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

In this research, the authors considered a method of generating an ecosystem of learning between classrooms using robots that children can edit themselves. A robot that allows children to choose faces and motions, as well as create user content and receive feedback on that content, was developed. This robot system was introduced and tested in an elementary school with 164 students. First, the 5th grades 18 children were taught how to set up the robot, and then they learned how to create usable content. From this, 19 robot contents were created. Next, the robot system was monitored for 2 months, and the teacher-created content was compared with the student-created content. It was found that the content created by the children was more interesting to the students than the teacher created content. Through an interview with the school librarian, the authors found that the classroom has enough learning ecosystem with elderly to younger children.

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Clarifying Privacy, Property, and Power: Case Study on Value Conflict Between Communities.

Arisa Ema, Hirotaka Osawa, Reina Saijo, Akinori Kubo, Takushi Otani, Hiromitsu Hattori, Naonori Akiya, Nobutsugu Kanzaki, Minao Kukita, Kazunori Komatani, Ryutaro Ichise

Proc. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)) 107 ( 3 ) 575 - 581 2019.03

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 00189219

This study analyzes the value conflict of a paper on fan fiction writing that used online fan fiction novels as a source to extract and filter sexual expressions from text. The boundaries of public and private information are ambiguous because users are not always aware of or have agreed to the fact that their content is to be used openly. The case was complicated by the fact that the use of these data by researchers violated an unconsciously infringed upon right of a vulnerable community with a weak legal position. This paper describes the debate on this topic among researchers from engineering and humanities fields on whether the purpose of the research was ethically acceptable; how the systems can be embedded in ethical values; and what ethical, legal, social, and educational lessons are appropriate for governance of artificial intelligence (AI). Our analysis aimed not only to clarify the abstract concept of privacy but also to make changes to the submission guidelines for authors. We hope that our analysis contributes to the governance of ethical AIs and AI ethics on handling sensitive aspects of online activities.

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Development and evaluation of the game agent to change confidence of estimating in Cooperative game Hanabi

SATO,Eisuke, OSAWA,Hirotaka

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2019 ( 0 ) 3F4OS14b01 - 3F4OS14b01 2019

Joint Work, Last author

AI agent for cooperation with human has to follow human thought. There are some research using cooperating game 'Hanabi' from various aspects such as self-estimation, psychology, and communication theory. In this research, we developed an agent's strategy for following human thought for guessing human understanding of AI's strategy to utilize the length of thinking time of the human player and changing the estimation reliability. As a result, the author found that this agent estimated more frequently to the good player of Hanabi than the conventional agent and there is a positive correlation between some evaluation to this agent and score. However, the agent that change estimation reliability depending on opponent's thinking time didn't affect human's impression compared to the conventional agent and there was no significant difference in the score and the success rate of the estimation by changing the reliability of the estimation according to the thinking time.

Overview of AIWolfDial 2019 Shared Task: Contest of automatic dialog agents to play the werewolf game through conversations

Kano Y, Aranha C, Inaba M, Toriumi F, Osawa H, Katagami D, Otsuki T, Tsunoda I, Nagayama S, Tellols D, Sugawara Y, Nakata Y

AIWolfDial 2019 - Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop of AI Werewolf and Dialog System, Proceedings of the Workshop (AIWolfDial 2019 - Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop of AI Werewolf and Dialog System, Proceedings of the Workshop) 1 - 5 2019

Joint Work, Accepted

The AIWolf project has been holding contests to play the Werewolf game (“Mafia”) by automatic agents for a couple of years. A difficulty of the Werewolf game is that the game is an imperfect information game, where a player’s role is hidden from other players. Players are required to infer the roles of other players through free conversations; players of a specific role should tell a lie, while others try to break through lies. We employ this werewolf game as a novel way of evaluations for dialog systems. Because the werewolf game forces players to deceive, persuade, and detect lies, neither inconsistent nor vague response are evaluated as “unnatural”, losing in the game. Our werewolf game competition and evaluation could be a new interesting evaluation criteria for dialog systems, but also for imperfect information game theories. In addition, the werewolf game allows any conversation, so the game includes both task-oriented and non-task-oriented conversations. This aspect would provide a handy intermediate goal rather than to create a general dialog system from scratch. In this AIWolfDial 2019 shared task, five participant agents played games in English and Japanese. We performed subjective evaluations on these game logs.

Analyzing Gestures in Real-World Werewolf Game

TAKAYAMA,Shutarou, OSAWA,Hirotaka

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2019 ( 0 ) 3F3OS14a01 - 3F3OS14a01 2019

Joint Work, Last author

人狼ゲームを対象とした研究は人間との高度なコミュニケーションをとるエージェントの実現などへの応用が期待できる。しかし、人狼ゲームを対象とした非言語コミュニケーションの分析はこれまでほとんどされてこなかった。本研究では、人狼ゲームをプレイする人間のジェスチャーとゲーム結果との関連性を調査する。ジェスチャーに関するいくつかの指標を設け、それを定式化することで、ゲーム中に見られるジェスチャーの定量的評価を試みた。これらの指標のいくつかで、人狼ゲーム中でのプレイヤーの役割が測定出来ることがわかった。例えば、ゲームの勝敗には占い師と狂人がそれぞれどの程度リーダーシップを取っているかに影響を受け、それをプレイヤーの両腕の開き具合で測ることが出来る。

Introduction

Yoshinobu Kano, Claus Aranha, Michimasa Inaba, Fujio Toriumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Daisuke Katagami, Takashi Otsuki

AIWolfDial 2019 - Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop of AI Werewolf and Dialog System, Proceedings of the Workshop III 2019

Joint Work, Accepted

Values Awareness Support

YOSHIZOE Mamoru, HATTORI Hiromitsu, EMA Arisa, OSAWA Hirotaka, KANZAKI Nobutsugu

Journal of Science and Technology Studies (Japan Society for Science and Technology Studies) 16 ( 0 ) 120 - 133 2018.12

Accepted, ISSN 13475843

The society is getting more globalized and complex with development of information technology. Accordingly, people are getting to have each diversified values, and to be required to understand it for preventing social troubles. We research what is needed to be aware of values, and aim to construct a system with the algorism. In this paper, we introduce a prototype system that support aware of values and idea generation (AIR-VAS). We speculate that knowing other community’s opinions in the discussion, is connected to the new idea generation and awareness of diversified values. We developed the system on the approach that visualizing discussion information as word frequency and word co-occurrence network, and we used the system in a workshop. Based on the result, we analyzed an association between discussion and visualized information, and evaluated an effectiveness of the system.

I Know You Better Than You Know Yourself: Estimation of Blind Self Improves Acceptance for an Agent.

Takuya Kato, Hirotaka Osawa

International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction (ACM) 144 - 152 2018.12

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

After analyzing almost all programs pertaining to winning complete information games, game study started to focus on the challenge of programming acceptable game players. A key factor required to create an acceptable player agent is the knowledge of the user’s internal state. People like those who want to know themselves, especially those who want to know their unconscious self-state, also called the “blind self.” This study proposes an approach to analyze an agent’s ability for estimating a user’s blind self as an improvement in human–agent interaction. The authors chose a card game called Hanabi as an evaluation of this type of recursive intelligence. Hanabi is a cooperative and an incomplete information card game in which each player’s cards are unknown to other players. A player decides whether to build a set of cards or discard them while providing hints to the other players. Previous research has demonstrated that the imitation of human behavior that corrects incomplete information increases the score in a Hanabi game between agents. The authors evaluated the agent’s function to modify incomplete information based on the behavior of the players in the game between a human and an agent. The authors experimented with humans and two types of agents. The latter differed according to the need to imitate and modify incomplete information as a cooperator among the experiment’s participants. Afterward, the game results were analyzed, and the impressions of the participants were evaluated. The results demonstrated that while the ability of estimation of the blind self is ineffective for increasing the score, the user developed a good impression of the agent when incomplete information was modified properly, resulting in a similar feeling in the case of a human collaborator.

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Power of Looking Together: Analysis of Social Facilitation by Agent's Mutual Gaze.

Takuya Toyono, Hirotaka Osawa

International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction (ACM) 380 - 382 2018.12

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

The authors investigated the effect of gaze tracking by agent for human. Psychological study has shown that presence of others facilitates efforts of working partner. This effect also occurs if the presence of others replaced to robot. Furthermore, previous research shows that the effects on a person being touched by a robot to motivate him or her. However, direct contact such as touch with robot has a risk of disturbing human work. The authors use gaze tracking for social facilitation, because gaze tracking can also facilitate human efforts. The authors implemented social facilitation robot agent by using gaze tracking. The agent projects its face on the surface to show quickly changing expression which is difficult for achieve by ordinally robots. The agent also can express gaze tracking by implemented eye trackers. The authors prepared three conditions with monotonous task for comparing the effect of gaze tracking, first: the agent gazes the aim of task, second: the agent moves its gaze randomly, third: the agent traces the gaze point of participant. The result showed that the participant raise motivation if the agent traces gazed point by human, even though there are no the different on achievement score of task and continuation time.

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Values Awareness Support : Visualization of the Discussion

吉添衛, 服部宏充, 江間有沙, 大澤博隆, 神崎宣次

科学技術社会論研究 (科学技術社会論学会) ( 16 ) 120 - 133 2018.12

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1347-5843

協力ゲーム Hanabi における相手の思考時間を戦略の指標に加えたエージェントの開発と評価

佐藤栄介, 加藤拓也, 大澤博隆

ゲームプログラミングワークショップ2018論文集 2018 30 - 34 2018.11

人間と協力して課題を達成するための人工知能は、人間の思考に合わせた行動をとる必要がある。協力ゲームの一つとしてカードゲーム「Hanabi」において、自己推定、心理学、コミュニケーション理論等さまざまな方面から研究が進められている。本研究では思考時間に関する仮説に基づき人間プレイヤーの思考時間の長短から人間側のAIの戦略に対する理解度を推測し、その結果に応じて自分の手札を推定する時の推定信頼度を変更する手法を用いたエージェントを開発した。また、開発したエージェントと従来のエージェントとの得点及び人間プレイヤーに与える印象の違いを調査した。結果、思考時間に応じて推定の信頼度を変えることにより得点や推定の成功率に有意差は見られなかったが、思考時間に関する仮説は妥当であることがわかった。また、思考時間に応じて推定の信頼度を変えるエージェントは従来のエージェントに比べてゲームに慣れておらず意思を持っていないという印象を人に与えることがわかった。

Telepresence Robot's Salutations to Trigger Informal Conversation with Teleworkers.

Hideaki Kuzuoka, Yuki Kodama, Jianfeng Xu, Emi Myodo, Etsuko T. Harada, Hirotaka Osawa

Companion of the 2018 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (ACM) 233 - 236 2018.10

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Surveys show that teleworkers tend to feel isolated due to the lack of informal communication. To solve this problem, we propose a telepresence robot system that triggers informal communication. Drawing on Kendon’s finding of greeting structure prior to interaction, we propose a system that presents two salutations, distance salutation and close salutation. Our experiment with a prototype system suggests that the proposed method is effective in inducing informal communication over the distance.

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How Engineers and Society Utilize Imagination of Science Fiction? : Report of Hal-con 2018 AI and SF Session

長谷,敏司, 藤崎,慎吾, 山川,宏, 宮本,道人, 大澤,博隆

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 33 ( 33 ) 679 - 690 2018.09

Joint Work, Last author, ISSN 2188-2266

Analysis of Agents' Information Sharing with Evolutionary Computation

WANG,Bohao, OSAWA,Hirotaka, SATOH,Ken

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2018 ( 0 ) 1H1OS13a05 - 1H1OS13a05 2018.07

Joint Work, Corresponding author

This paper introduced analysis of agents' information sharing with evolutionary computation. We focus on a method that human adds a hidden meaning to our word for sharing information only with cooperators in subgroup. In this paper, we defined 3 player version of werewolf game, and run a 10000 generations evolutionary computation. Then, we classified villager's strategies with label of "rational", "irrational" and "ambiguous". We suggested that when villager used an "irrational" strategy and won the game, seer and villager used the above information sharing method. As the result, the above method appeared in both case of wolf fixed and wolf evolved. In the case of wolf fixed, seer added hidden meaning to a fixed word in 99.2% of times to share information only with the villager. In the case of wolf evolved, in 26.4% of times, seer succeed to share information only with the villager by the above method and seer started to change word with hidden meaning for keeping avoid sharing information with the wolf.

"It's Public, and also Private": An Analysis of Flaming Fan Studies

OSAWA,Hirotaka, OTANI,Takushi, EMA,Arisa, SAIJO,Rena, KUBO,Akinori, KANZAKI,Nobutsugu, KUKITA,Minao, ICHISE,Ryutaro, HATTORI,Hiromitsu, AKIYA,Naonori

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2018 ( 0 ) 3H2OS25b04 - 3H2OS25b04 2018.07

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author

Online services make users' communication activities and content public. This online information has contributed to accelerating the creation cycle of user-generated content. Moreover, these services also allow researchers to utilize these online texts as a public source for easily analyzing human activities, also referred to as social sensing studies. However, we need to realize that there exists a controversial problem of privacy especially in the sensitive areas of creation, even though the content is public. This study tries to create new guidelines for online study using the case of the flaming of a study of female fan-fiction, which attempted to extract and filter sexual expressions using online fan-fiction novels as source. Researchers from the fields of both engineering and humanities, including law and ethics, discussed the violations in this case, and extracted ethical, legal, and social issues according to their specific areas of expertise.

Increasing Agent's Impression with Estimation of Other's Viewpoint:

KATO,Takuya, OSAWA,Hirotaka

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2018 ( 0 ) 4J201 - 4J201 2018.07

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author

AI research on incomplete information games has aspects that imitate human intelligence. The author chose a card game called Hanabi as an evaluation of imitating human intelligence with AI. Hanabi is a cooperative and incomplete information card game, and this game has a unique feature that a player cannot observe his / her own cards. Player selects whether to build a set of cards or discard the card while providing hints of the card with the cooperator. In the previous research, it was shown that the imitation of human behavior that corrects incomplete information increases the score in Hanabi play between agents. The author evaluated agent's function to modify incomplete information based on behavior of cooperator in the game with human and agent. I experimented with human and two kinds of agents with a difference whether to imitate modify incomplete information as a cooperator of experiment participants and I analyzed the game results and impression evaluation of participants. The result is that while the imitation of reflex intelligence is not effective for increasing the score, the participant has a good impression on the agent when the agent modifies the incomplete informa

Annotating Expression of Roles and Exercise of Special Abilities to the Werewolf BBS

INABA,Michimasa, KANO,Yoshinobu, OSAWA,Hirotaka, OTSUKI,Takeshi, KATAGAMI,Daisuke, TORIUMI,Fujio

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2018 ( 0 ) 1H1OS13a01 - 1H1OS13a01 2018.07

Joint Work

本論文では，我々が構築した人狼BBSアノテーションコーパスについて述べる．本コーパスは「自分の役職の表明」，および「特殊能力を行使した結果の報告」に関する発話に対してアノテーションを行ったものである．本コーパスは，人狼ゲームにおける発話意味理解，発話生成のための言語資源とすることができるほか，人間のプレイヤーの戦略分析などへの応用が考えられる．アノテータはクラウドソーシングで募集し，現在までに300ゲームのアノテーションを行った．コーパスはGitHubで公開している．

Clarifying Privacy, Property, and Power: Case Study on Value Conflict of a Fan Fiction Research Paper

大澤, 博隆, Ema, Arisa, Saijo, Reina, Kubo, Akinori, Otani, Takushi, Hattori, Hiromitsu, Akiya, Naonori, Kanzaki, Nobutsugu, Kukita, Minao, Komatani, Kazunori, Ichise, Ryutaro

Proceedings of the IEEE 2018.07

Joint Work, Accepted

Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence/Robotics and Work/Employment

江間有沙, 服部宏充, 市瀬龍太郎, 小町守, 中澤篤志, 駒谷和範, 米澤朋子, 野田五十樹, 荒川豊, 馬場雪乃, 藤田卓仙, 秋谷直矩, 西條玲奈, 岩堀英明, 大澤博隆, 瀬戸崇志, 久保明教, 工藤郁子, 安部直子, Gal Danit, 大内伸哉, 大谷卓史, 多根悦子

Working Paper Series（情報理工） (立命館大学情報理工学部) 1 - 138 2018.07

Editors' Introduction to "AI and Society"

江間,有沙, 大澤,博隆

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 33 ( 33 ) 189 - 191 2018.03

Joint Work, Last author, ISSN 2188-2266

新コーナー：読者の見解〔第1回〕「読者の見解」スタートにあたって

大澤,博隆, 折田,奈甫, 高橋,恒一

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 33 ( 33 ) 102 - 103 2018.01

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

How Implicit Communication Emerges during Conversation Game.

Bohao Wang, Hirotaka Osawa, Ken Satoh

International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems Richland, SC, USA / ACM) 3 2118 - 2120 2018

Joint Work, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 15488403

HCI Design for People with Visual Disability in Social Interaction.

Shi Qiu, Ting Han, Hirotaka Osawa, Matthias Rauterberg, Jun Hu 0001

HCI International (Springer) 10921 LNCS 124 - 134 2018

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 03029743

In the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) field, it has been a long tradition of concern of accessing computer systems by people with visual impairments. It is important to develop high quality user interfaces, accessible, usable, and desirable for these people. In this paper, we first report a preliminary background review about HCI design for people with visual disability. The review of the problems in social interaction the blind people may encounter, are also presented. Further, we narrow down our research scope and focus on gaze and eye contact, which have important social meaning in face-to-face communication. We then identify our research objective that is to design gaze simulation for people with visual impairments. Finally, we report the prototypes of our research project and the progress made so far.

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Development of Real-World Agent System for Werewolf Game

Osawa, Hirotaka, Wang, Bohao, Toyono, takuya, Toriumi, Fujio, Katagami, Daisuke

International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY) 3 1838 - 1840 2018

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 15488403

Introduction to Research on Artificial Intelligence Based Werewolf

KATAGAMI,Daisuke, TORIUMI,Fujio, OSAWA,Hirotaka, KANO,Yoshinobu, INABA,Michimasa, OTSUKI,Takashi

Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics (Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics) 30 ( 5 ) 236 - 244 2018

Joint Work, ISSN 1347-7986

Envisioning Future of Artificial Intelligence with Science Fiction

OSAWA Hirotaka, HASE Satoshi, MIYAMOTO Dohjin, SAIJO Reina, FUKUCHI Kentaro, MIYAKE Yoichiro

JSAI Technical Report, Type 2 SIG (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2018 ( 10 ) 6 - 6 2018

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

We will investigate how science fiction (SF), which has drawn science and technology and the process of acceptance in the society in the form of a story, influences the development of artificial intelligence. The paper organizes and visualizes discuss the relationships between AI, SF and society with several examples. We want to propose a design method to the future society based on the recent possibilities and problems, and we hope to contribute to humankind about pioneering future technologies and societies.

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インターネット研究倫理の必要性とその課題 : 海外における展開と日本への導入

大谷卓史, 西條玲奈, 久保明教, 大澤博隆, 江間有沙, 神崎宣次, 服部宏充, 市瀬龍太郎, 秋谷直矩, 駒谷和範, 宮野公樹

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 117 ( 286 ) 51 - 55 2017.11

ISSN 09135685

Telepresence Robot with Merging Users' Emotions and Behaviors

Osawa, Hirotaka, Yonezu, Soji

RO-MAN 2017.10

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Generating human-like discussion by paraphrasing a translation by the AIWolf Protocol using Werewolf BBS Logs

大澤, 博隆, Nakamura, Hirofumi, Katagami, Daisuke, Toriumi, Fujio, Inaba, Michimasa, Shinoda, Kosuke, Kano, Yoshinobu

FUZZ-IEEE 2017.07

Joint Work, Accepted

児童がデザイン可能な図書紹介ロボットによる読書への興味促進

工藤佑介, 佐藤拓也, 栢野航, 大澤博隆

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 116 ( 461 ) 57 - 62 2017.02

ISSN 09135685

視線によるコミュニケーションを支援するウェアラブルデバイスの開発と評価

後藤, 豪臣, 汪, 博豪, 大澤, 博隆

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2017 ( 0 ) 2E22in2 - 2E22in2 2017

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author

対人コミュニケーションにおいて、非言語情報は互いの感情や意図を理解するうえで重要な要素であり、そのひとつに視線が挙げられる。本研究では、視線コミュニケーションを行うことが難しい人を対象とした視線コミュニケーション支援デバイスAgencyGlassを開発し、その評価を行う。AgencyGlassは他者の注視方向を内蔵されたセンサモジュールによって検知することで、液晶上の目の映像を制御する。

児童がデザインする図書紹介ロボットにおけるフィードバック手法の開発

佐藤, 拓也, 工藤, 佑介, 大澤, 博隆

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2017 ( 0 ) 3N25in1 - 3N25in1 2017

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author

本研究では、児童が読書の習慣をもつために本の紹介を行うロボット(UGA)を提案している。UGAの動きは児童自らがデザインし、フィードバックを与えてデザインの促進を図る。単に本の紹介を聞くだけでなく、児童自らが本の紹介方法を考えることで、読書に対する興味の向上と習慣づけを図る。UGAを達成するため、デザイナー側にユーザーの行動をフィードバックする必要があり、フィードバックAppを実装し実験を行った。

Development of Werewolf AI Match System that enable a player to experience a discussion among humans

NAKAMURA,Hirofumi, KATAGAMI,Daisuke, TORIUMI,Fujio, OSAWA,Hirotaka, INABA,Michimasa, SHINODA,Kosuke, KANO,Yoshinobu

Proceedings of the Fuzzy System Symposium (Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics) 33 ( 0 ) 383 - 386 2017

Joint Work, ISSN 1882-0212

人狼ゲームを演じるロボットエージェントシステムの作成

豊野, 拓也, 大澤, 博隆

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2017 ( 0 ) 1L23 - 1L23 2017

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author

人狼ゲームとは、相手の言動や表情などから他人の意図を推測し、相手の嘘を見抜き、説得する社会的な知能を要求されるゲームである。本研究では、頭部に球面スクリーンを用いて、表情や体の向きを変化させながら人狼ゲームを演じるロボットエージェントを作成した。このエージェントと、人狼ゲームをのアルゴリズムを用いることで、人とエージェントが人狼ゲームで対戦するシステムを提案する。

Analysis of robot hotel: Reconstruction of works with robots.

Hirotaka Osawa, Arisa Ema, Hiromitsu Hattori, Naonori Akiya, Nobutsugu Kanzaki, Akinori Kubo, Tora Koyama, Ryutaro Ichise

RO-MAN (IEEE) 219 - 223 2017

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Generating human-like discussion by paraphrasing a translation by the AIWolf protocol using werewolf BBS logs.

Hirofumi Nakamura, Daisuke Katagami, Fujio Toriumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Michimasa Inaba, Kosuke Shinoda, Yoshinobu Kano

IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.) 1 - 6 2017

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1098-7584

'Are you a werewolf?' is one of the most popular communication games and is played globally. The AIWolf Project developed an agent, named 'the AIWolf,' that can play 'Areyou a werewolf?'. An AIWolf utters its thoughts using an AIWolf Protocol. As it is difficult for humans to understand the AIWolf Protocol, translation into natural language is required when human players are involved. However, the conventional method of translation uses a word-to-word method, creating the impression that the utterances have been generated by a machine. This study aimed make the utterances of AIWolf sound more human. The authors set the target that a human player would be unable to distinguish human speech from that generated by AIWolves (the Turing test). The authors define the situation as the maximum value of humanity. The output of translated AIWolf Protocol was paraphrased using data from Werewolf BBS Logs. This study considers making the utterances of AIWolf sound more human using Werewolf BBS Logs and a possibility assignment equation with fuzzy sets. In this paper, an experiment was conducted to confirm whether paraphrasing the utterances of AIWolf using Werewolf BBS Logs for human-like speech is useful or not. It was shown that the experimental method produced slightly more human-like speech than the conventional method.

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Dear My Hand: Enhancement of Physical Exercise by Body Part Anthropomorphization.

Hirotaka Osawa, Daisuke Nakahara

Companion of the 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (ACM) 243 - 244 2017

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Breaking Down Silos: Involving Various Researchers for Driving HCI Research.

Arisa Ema, Hirotaka Osawa, Hiromitsu Hattori, Naonori Akiya, Nobutsugu Kanzaki, Ryutaro Ichise, Minao Kukita, Takushi Otani, Akinori Kubo, Kazunori Komatani, Reina Saijo, Mikihito Tanaka, Koziro Honda, Naoki Miyano, Yoshimi Yashiro, Go Yoshizawa

CHI (ACM) 837 - 847 2017

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Book Introduction Robot Designed by Children for Promoting Interest in Reading.

Takuya Sato, Yusuke Kudo, Hirotaka Osawa

Proceedings of international conference on Human-agent interaction (ACM) 17 - 25 2017

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Telepresence robot with behavior synchrony: Merging the emotions and behaviors of users.

Soji Yonezu, Hirotaka Osawa

26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication(RO-MAN) (IEEE) 213 - 218 2017

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

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テレプレゼンスロボットにおける同調動作の効果

米津, 壮二, 大澤, 博隆

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2017 ( 0 ) 3Q11in1 - 3Q11in1 2017

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author

遠隔対話を円滑にする目的で、発話者の言語的・非言語的動作を代替するテレプレゼンスロボットが開発されている。遠隔対話の質をより向上させるために、対話者のしぐさを真似ることで親近感が得られるとされる同調動作を利用することを考えた。そこで対話者の表情、視線、ジェスチャーを自動で追加するテレプレゼンスロボットを開発した。本研究ではテレプレゼンスロボットが行う同調動作が有用かを検証した。

Why Do We Need the Ethical Guideline for Internet Research? : The Development of Internet Research Ethics and Its Introduction to Japan

大谷卓史, 西條玲奈, 久保明教, 大澤博隆, 江間有沙, 神崎宣次, 服部宏充, 市瀬龍太郎, 秋谷直矩, 駒谷和範, 宮野公樹

信学技報, Vol.117, No.286, pp.51-55 (電子情報通信学会) 117 ( 285 ) 51 - 55 2017

Joint Work, ISSN 0913-5685

What is Real Risk and Benefit on Work with Robots?: From the Analysis of a Robot Hotel.

Hirotaka Osawa, Arisa Ema, Hiromitsu Hattori, Naonori Akiya, Nobutsugu Kanzaki, Akinori Kubo, Tora Koyama, Ryutaro Ichise

Companion of the 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (ACM) 241 - 242 2017

Joint Work, Lead author, Accepted

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Wearable social prosthetics: supporting joint attention during communication with artificial eyes.

Hirotaka Osawa, Takeomi Goto, Bohao Wang

Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers(ISWC) (ACM) 168 - 169 2017

Joint Work, Lead author

Access to Document (DOI)

Simulation of Bullying and Conforming in a Class Based on Socion Theory

Toshihiro Osumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN (WILEY-BLACKWELL) 99 ( 7 ) 12 - 24 2016.07

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1942-9533

Bullying is a serious problem, especially at elementary schools and junior high schools, and occurs all over the world with some variations. As a countermeasure against bullying, many interventions and preventive programs have been proposed (e.g., counseling, dispatch of advisers, group work, suspension orders) and there have been many investigations presenting analyses of bullying along with intervention and prevention strategies. However, numerous samples and long times are required for the analysis of strategies in the real world. We believe that simulations of bullying and countermeasures are effective in providing quick and easy analysis. In this investigation, we developed a simulation model of school bullying "within-group" or "within-class" that is based on "socion theory". The primary feature of socion theory is that each agent has an imagined personal relationship. We implemented a strategy called the "conforming strategy" to simulate bullying caused by conforming behavior of students. Student agents who implement the conforming strategy watch the human relationships around them and update their own imagined relationships. They then conform to the behavior of other students to achieve better social standing or to maintain their position on the basis of simulation results based on their own imagined relationships. The results of the experiments show that the conforming strategy increases the probability of bullying and the number of victims, and that conforming behavior increases the probability of bullying in the real world. We also describe a situation in which teachers underestimate or cannot perceive bullying when it occurs, and many teachers underestimate or cannot perceive bullying in the real world. Overall, we show that socion theory has sufficient expressiveness to be used as a foundation for bullying simulation. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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機能説明エージェントの実世界拡張トリガーによるMFP機能説明改善

豊野拓也, 栢野航, 大澤博隆, 遠藤航, 三浦友博

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 116 ( 106 ) 1 - 6 2016.06

ISSN 09135685

機能説明エージェントの実世界拡張トリガによる機能説明改善

大澤博隆, 栢野航, 遠藤航, 三浦友博, 丹波正登, 守谷友里, 結城明, 長野正

情報処理学会論文誌 57 ( 4 ) 1128 - 1136 2016.04

Accepted, ISSN 18827764

技術の発達によって機器の機能が増加している．増加した機能をユーザに分かりやすく伝える手法として，擬人化エージェントを用いた機能説明が提案されてきた．本研究では擬人化エージェントを実世界に拡張させる演出を用いて，複合機（Multi-Function Printer，MFP）の操作説明を行い，人間のインタラクションがどのように変化するか検証した．検証結果として，スクリーン上のエージェントの説明を実世界に拡張することにより，その後のユーザの操作時間が有意に短くなることを確認した．また，ユーザの発話量が有意に増加すること，説明後に学習への興味が向上することが評価結果から示唆された．

プロジェクタロボットを用いた運転支援システムにおけるエージェントの振る舞いの研究

堀元見, 長谷川孔明, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

第78回全国大会講演論文集 2016 ( 1 ) 223 - 224 2016.03

本研究では、運転支援システムにおけるエージェントの振る舞いを扱う。従来のカーナビゲーションシステムのような単調で一方的な情報提示ではなく、運転手の視線や発言、および周囲の状況に応じた情報提示を行うシステムを作成し、このようなシステムの中で、エージェントのどのような振る舞いのが必要なのかを探る。運転手がエージェントと快適なインタラクションを行うためには、運転手の動きに対する反応の速さが不可欠である。本研究では、速い反応性を実現するためにプロジェクタロボットを用いた。プロジェクタロボットは、半球状のスクリーンに内部のプロジェクタから顔の画像を投影するロボットであり、動かすためにモータの動きを必要としない。したがって従来のロボットよりも速い反応を実現することが容易である。このような速い反応を活かしたインタラクションのための振る舞いを実装し、その効果について研究した。

Design of Ambient Intelligent System for Supporting Human's Natural Adaption(<Special Issue>Cognitive Interaction Design)

IMAI Michita, ONO Tetsuo, SHINOZAWA Kazuhiko, OSAWA Hirotaka, IIZUKA Hiroyuki, SUZURIKAWA Jun

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 31 ( 1 ) 43 - 49 2016.01

ISSN 21882266

３者間人狼における戦略の検討

大澤, 博隆, 佐藤, 健

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2016 ( 0 ) 2F43 - 2F43 2016

Joint Work, Lead author

感情労働代替デバイスが与えるタスク処理時間と心理的負荷への影響

後藤, 豪臣, 大澤, 博隆

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2016 ( 0 ) 2N5OS29b4 - 2N5OS29b4 2016

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author

人狼知能大会における統計分析とSVMを用いた人狼推定を行うエージェントの設計

梶原, 健吾, 鳥海, 不二夫, 稲葉, 通将, 大澤, 博隆, 片上, 大輔, 篠田, 孝祐, 松原, 仁, 狩野, 芳伸

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2016 ( 0 ) 2F41 - 2F41 2016

Joint Work

AI Wolf Contest - Development of Game AI Using Collective Intelligence -.

Fujio Toriumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Michimasa Inaba, Daisuke Katagami, Kosuke Shinoda, Hitoshi Matsubara

Communications in Computer and Information Science (Springer Verlag) 705 101 - 115 2016

Joint Work, Lead author, Accepted, ISSN 1865-0929

In this study, we specify the design of an artificial intelligence (AI) player for a communication game called “Are You a Werewolf?” (AI Wolf). We present the Werewolf game as a standard game problem in the AI field. It is similar to game problems such as Chess, Shogi, Go, and Poker. The Werewolf game is a communication game that requires several AI technologies such as multi-agent coordination, intentional reading, and understanding of the theory of mind. Analyzing and solving the Werewolf game as a standard problem will provide useful results for our research field and its applications. Similar to the RoboCup project, the goal of this project is to determine new themes while creating a communicative AI player that can play the Werewolf game with humans. As an initial step, we designed a platform to develop a game-playing AI for a compe tition. First, we discuss the essential factors in Werewolf with reference to other studies. We then develop a platform for an AI game competition that uses simpli fied rules to support the development of AIs that can play Werewolf. The paper reports the process and analysis of the results of the competition.

Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Human Agent Interaction, HAI 2016, Biopolis, Singapore, October 4-7, 2016

HAI (ACM) 2016

Joint Work

Access to Document (DOI)

Model-Driven Gaze Simulation for the Blind Person in Face-to-Face Communication.

Shi Qiu, Siti Aisyah Anas, Hirotaka Osawa, Matthias Rauterberg, Jun Hu 0001

Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Human Agent Interaction(HAI) (ACM) 59 - 62 2016

Joint Work

Access to Document (DOI)

Future Relations between Humans and Artificial Intelligence: A Stakeholder Opinion Survey in Japan.

Arisa Ema, Naonori Akiya, Hirotaka Osawa, Hiromitsu Hattori, Shinya Oie, Ryutaro Ichise, Nobutsugu Kanzaki, Minao Kukita, Reina Saijo, Takushi Otani, Naoki Miyano, Yoshimi Yashiro

IEEE Technol. Soc. Mag. 35 ( 4 ) 68 - 75 2016

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0278-0097

Access to Document (DOI)

Evaluation of a Substitution Device for Emotional Labor by using Task-Processing Time and Cognitive Load.

Takeomi Goto, Hirotaka Osawa

Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Human Agent Interaction(HAI) (ACM) 359 - 362 2016

Joint Work, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Effect of Information Presentations on Consumer Emotions to Induce Power Saving Actions

Tomonori Nakayama, Hirotaka Osawa, Shinichiro Okushima, Hirohisa Aki

IEEE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SMART CITIES CONFERENCE (ISC2 2016) (IEEE) 821 - 826 2016

Joint Work, Accepted

A demand response method that does not inconvenience consumer lifestyles is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and ensure power supply stability. In general, electric power conservation is motivated by monetary incentives or environmental concerns such as carbon dioxide emissions reductions and power failure probabilities. In this study, methods that induce consumers' power conservation actions were developed by presenting anthropomorphized/visualized information. This study involved improving experimental interfaces involving methods that closely replicate the actual way in which electric appliances are used in consumers' daily lives. Moreover, a small community model such as a micro grid was built to calculate the total amount of consumption power and CO2 emissions of each electric appliance. The experiment involved twenty participants to test power saving behaviors by using the developed interface. The experimental results indicated that the method of presenting visualized information strongly induced users' electric power saving behaviors when compared with other methods.

Access to Document (DOI)

E-Gaze Glasses: Simulating Natural Gazes for Blind People.

Shi Qiu, Siti Aisyah Anas, Hirotaka Osawa, Matthias Rauterberg, Jun Hu 0001

PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY CONFERENCE ON TANGIBLE EMBEDDED AND EMBODIED INTERACTION (TEI16) (ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY) 563 - 569 2016

Joint Work, Accepted

Gaze and eye contact are frequently in social occasions used among sighted people. Gaze is considered as a predictor of attention and engagement between interlocutors in conversations. However, gaze signals from the sighted are not accessible for the blind person in face-to-face communication. In this paper, we present functional work-in-progress prototype, E-Gaze glasses, an assistive device based on an eye tracking system. E-Gaze simulates natural gaze for blind people, especially establishing the "eye contact" between blind and sighted people to enhance their engagement in face-to-face conversations. The gaze behavior is designed based on a turn-taking model, which interprets the corresponding relationship between the conclusive gaze behavior and the interlocutors' conversation flow.

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Constructing a Human-like agent for the Werewolf Game using a psychological model based multiple perspectives.

Noritsugu Nakamura, Michimasa Inaba, Kenichi Takahashi, Fujio Toriumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Daisuke Katagami, Kousuke Shinoda

PROCEEDINGS OF 2016 IEEE SYMPOSIUM SERIES ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE (SSCI) (IEEE) 1 - 8 2016

Joint Work

In this paper, we focus on the Werewolf Game. The Werewolf Game is an advanced communication-game in which winning or losing is directly linked to one's success or failure in communication. Therefore, we expect exponential developments in artificial intelligence by studying the Werewolf Game. In this current study, we propose a psychological model that considers multiple perspectives to model the play of a human such as inferring the intention of the other side. As one of the psychological models, we constructed a "one's self model" that models the role of others as viewed from their own viewpoint. In addition, to determine whether one's opinion is reliable after inferring other's intentions, we also constructed an "others model" that models the role of others as viewed from their viewpoints. Combining these models, we showed through experimentation that a combined approach achieved better results, i.e., higher win percentages.

Access to Document (DOI)

Constructing a Human-like agent for the Werewolf Game using a psychological model based multiple perspectives

Noritsugu Nakamura, Michimasa Inaba, Kenichi Takahashi, Fujio Toriumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Daisuke Katagami, Kousuke Shinoda

PROCEEDINGS OF 2016 IEEE SYMPOSIUM SERIES ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE (SSCI) (IEEE) 2016

Joint Work, Accepted

AI達は物語を生み出すか

鳥海, 不二夫, 大澤, 博隆

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2016 ( 0 ) 2F45 - 2F45 2016

Joint Work, Last author

User Generated Agent: Designable Book Recommendation Robot Programmed by Children.

Yusuke Kudo, Wataru Kayano, Takuya Sato, Hirotaka Osawa

Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Human Agent Interaction(HAI) (ACM) 67 - 70 2016

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Development of Game AI by using Collective Intelligence:-Analysis of Agents in AI Wolf Contest-

鳥海, 不二夫, 稲葉, 通将, Osawa, Hirotaka, 片上, 大輔, 篠田, 孝祐, 松原, 仁

Journal of Digital Games Research (Digital Games Research Association Japan) 9 ( 1 ) 1 - 11 2016

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1882-0913

The communication game "Are you a Werewolf?"can be next-generation standard problem for artificial intelligence which comes after Chess, Go or Shogi and so on. Our goal is to find "How can people enjoy playing the games with AI". For the purpose, we employ the collective intelligence method to develop AI which can play Werewolf. In this paper, we introduce the AIWolf project and game platform which designed to play Werewolf by artificial intelligence agents. Number of participated agents are 38, and 15 of them became finalists. Also, we describe about the First AIWolf contest and analyze the result of the contest. From the analysis, we found that the winner agent has significantly higher winning rate. Also, we found the relationships between roles and winning rates which are important information to develop agents.

Werewolf Game Modeling Using Action Probabilities Based on Play Log Analysis.

Yuya Hirata, Michimasa Inaba, Kenichi Takahashi, Fujio Toriumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Daisuke Katagami, Kousuke Shinoda

Computers and Games - 9th International Conference (Springer) 103 - 114 2016

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Increase of Agent’s Internal Complexities in Mutual Trading by Delayed Reward

Osawa Hirotaka

Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 31 ( 6 ) AG-H_1 - 8 2016

ISSN 13460714

Social brain theory hypothesizes that the human brain becomes larger through evolution mainly because of reading others’ intentions in society. Reading opponents’ intentions and cooperating with them or outsmarting them results in an intelligence arms race. The authors discuss the evolution of such an arms race, represented as finite state automatons, under three distinct payoff schemes and the implications of these results, which suggest that agents increase complexity of their strategies. The analyses of the high-ranking agents’ automata suggests the process to acquire complex strategy in delayed reward condition.

Automated driving, nursing, disaster prevention: How far we could entrust Artificial Intelligence?: A questionnaire survey on various stakeholders

EMA Arisa, AKIYA Naonori, OSAWA Hirotaka, HATTORI Hiromitsu, OIE Shinya, ICHISE Ryutaro, KANZAKI Nobutsugu, KUKITA Minao, SAIJO Reina, OTANI Takushi, MIYANO Naoki, YASHIRO Yoshimi

Journal of Information Processing and Management (Japan Science and Technology Agency) 59 ( 5 ) 322 - 330 2016

Accepted, ISSN 00217298

Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) on Artificial Intelligence (AI) requires various stakeholders to discuss Human-Machine relations in the near future. Therefore, we conducted questionnaire surveys twice in December 2015 and February 2016. The first survey was for researchers on AI, social sciences and humanities (SSH) researchers, policy makers, SF (science fiction) writers and the public. The second survey was for AI researchers working at private industries, media, and other specialties such as law and religion. The results indicate that respondents were positive about introducing AI that requires social consensus such as driving, disaster prevention and military activities scenarios compared to others. On the other hand, scenarios that requires personal decision making such as life events tended to answer that humans take the initiatives and use AI as a tool. Being aware of the differences will enhance the implementation of AI in a variety of scenarios.

Interdisciplinary studies on pareidolia

Takahashi Kohske, Kitamura Miho, Kaji Yuichi, Tomonaga Masaki, Nishio Yoshiyuki, Osawa Hirotaka, Kitagawa Norimichi

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association (The Japanese Psychological Association) 79 ( 0 ) SS-101 - SS-101 2015.09

コミュニケーションゲーム「人狼」を演じるロボットエージェントの作成

栢野航, 工藤佑介, 大澤博隆, 片上大輔, 鳥海不二夫, 稲葉通将, 篠田考祐

エンタテインメントコンピューティングシンポジウム2015論文集 2015 538 - 539 2015.09

コミュニケーションゲーム人狼は，相手の意図を推理し，相手を説得するという社会的な知能を要請される課題である．人狼をプレイするのではなく，人間同士が演じているのを観戦するという楽しみ方もある．本研究では，人狼をロボットエージェント同士で演じるために必要な振る舞いを，人狼の特徴から検討した．あわせて，人狼における動作を再現するためのエージェントのプロトタイプを作成した．

コミュニケーションゲーム「人狼」を達成するロボットエージェントの設計要件

大澤博隆, 栢野航, 片上大輔

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 115 ( 118 ) 11 - 14 2015.06

ISSN 09135685

実空間と仮想空間を移動する擬人化エージェントを用いた複合機の機能説明

栢野,航, 大澤,博隆, 遠藤,航, 丹波,正登, 守谷,友里, 結城,明, 長野,正

インタラクション２０１５ 2015.03

Joint Work

橙色の屋根のお家: 発達障害を持つ子ども向けのデジタルプレイセラピーの提案

渡辺柚佳子, 樫村健人, 岡田佳子, 大澤博隆, 菅谷みどり

IPSJ SIG technical reports (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 2015 ( 24 ) 1 - 8 2015.02

ISSN 09196072

Children who are suffering on learning and developmental disabilities need daily trainings for social skills. However, such daily training is not provided occasionally because it requires interactive helps from therapists. In this paper, we propose a digital dollhouse that extended the traditional psychological play therapy equipped with digital sensors and computer graphics. This device aimed at raising the communication skills even if the superintendent of training is not a therapist. We have developed proposed digital play therapy device. Our device's CG function reproduces the reality. Abstract image is visualized by using our device. Based on the device, we discussed the usefulness of the device with the therapist, and the policy and metrics for the evaluation of the functionalities that are expected for the skill's training.

知能が育む社会・社会が育む知能(<特集>編集委員会企画-社会とAIの羅針盤2015-)

大澤,博隆

journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 30 ( 1 ) 18 - 19 2015.01

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

Project AI Wolf

KATAGAMI Daisuke, TORIUMI Fujio, OSAWA Hirotaka, INABA Michimasa, SHINODA Kosuke, MATSUBARA Hitoshi, Daisuke Katagami, Fujio Toriumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Michimasa Inaba, Kosuke Shinoda, Hitoshi Matsubara

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 30 ( 1 ) 65 - 73 2015.01

Joint Work, ISSN 2188-2266

Announcement about the Renewal of the Cover Design of "Artificial Intelligence" with Summarizing Opinions and Arguments of the Cover Design(Article)

OSAWA Hirotaka, Hirotaka Osawa

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 30 ( 1 ) 2 - 6 2015.01

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

Spirits in nature and machines -interdisciplinary approach for animism-

Ban Midori, Takahashi Hideyuki, Ikeuchi Hiromi, Osawa Hirotaka, Okuno Katsumi, Kasaki Masaki, Kozima Hideki

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association (The Japanese Psychological Association) 79 ( 0 ) SS - 065-SS-065 2015

Joint Work

Being Provocative for Cognitive Science

Osawa Hirotaka

Cognitive Studies (Japanese Cognitive Science Society) 22 ( 4 ) 545 - 546 2015

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 1341-7924

Estimation of Own State by Opponent's Behavior in Cooperative Game Hanabi

大澤,博隆

人工知能学会全国大会 (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 29 ( 0 ) 1 - 4 2015

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 1347-9881

本研究では人工知能応用の一つとして、自分のカードが見えない状況下で相手と協力しカードを順番に揃える協力ゲームHanabiを解く。本ゲームでは相手に教えられる情報に制限があり、プレイヤは限られた情報から相手の意図を理解し、自己のカード推測と行動決定を行う。本研究ではHanabiの代表戦略をいくつか検討し、計算機上でシミュレートすることで、エージェント間でどのように協調行動が起きうるか分析した。

プレイログから獲得した行動選択確率を用いた人狼ゲームのシミュレーション

平田, 佑也, 稲葉, 通将, 高橋, 健一, 鳥海, 不二夫, 大澤, 博隆, 片上, 大輔, 篠田, 孝祐

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2015 ( 0 ) 1F21 - 1F21 2015

Joint Work, ISSN 13479881

本研究ではコミュニケーションゲームとして知られる「人狼」をプレイできるエージェントの構築を目指している．人間同士での人狼プレイログから，プレイヤー自身がどのように振る舞うか，他プレイヤーに対してどのような判断を下すのかといった情報を取得し，任意のゲーム状況における行動の選択確率を求めた．これを用いて人狼エージェントを作成し，人間同士でのゲーム結果と似たものとなるか，シミュレーションを行った．

Realizing atmosphere of discussion of werewolf by AI werewolf

Katagami,Daisuke, Kobayashi,Yu, Toriumi,Fujio, Osawa,Hirotaka, Inaba,Michimasa, Shinoda,Kosuke

Proceedings of the Fuzzy System Symposium (Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics) 31 ( 0 ) 370 - 374 2015

Joint Work, ISSN 1882-0212

In this paper, we aim to acquire advanced skill in conversation by playing werewolf mediated with lifelike agents. The space of discussion between humans mediated with lifelike agents is realized. We developed the system which makes us play Werewolf with AI werewolves. We conducted experiments that a subject plays werewolf with AI werewolves and identifies AI werewolves in the game. As the result, we confirmed the importance of non-verbal information in the conversation space of werewolf.

Animacy Perception of agents: Their effects on users behavior and variability between age groups

Riko Hasegawa, Etsuko T. Harada, Wataru Kayano, Hirotaka Osawa

2015 24TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ROBOT AND HUMAN INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION (RO-MAN) (IEEE) 106 - 111 2015

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Autonomous agents and/or robot embodiments are frequently introduced to a complex system in expectation of eliciting user behavior similar to human-human interaction with the target system. The current study examines the process and factors involved in this type of interaction. As a first step, we conducted a psychological experiment to examine animacy perception of the agent and its effects on user interaction with the system, here a microwave oven, comparing among three conditions: an embodied condition (with anthropomorphic robot features called agent triggers), a voice agent condition, and a control condition (no-agent condition). Additionally, we investigated differences between responses by age groups. Results showed two types of animacy, lifelikeness and intelligence; older and younger adults responded quite differently to the two agents conditions, which indicated that older adults placed more values on embodied agents. Hypothetical models of animacy perception in younger and older adults and their behaviors in interaction with the system implied the importance of perceived individuality of an agent and background knowledge an agent's function and abilities.

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, HAI 2015, Daegu, Kyungpook, Republic of Korea, October 21-24, 2015

HAI (ACM) 2015

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Movement design of a life-like agent for the werewolf game.

Daisuke Katagami, Masashi Kanazawa, Fujio Toriumi, Hirotaka Osawa, Michimasa Inaba, Kousuke Shinoda

2015 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems(FUZZ-IEEE) (IEEE) 1 - 7 2015

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

How are interaction between human and an autonomous agent affected by embodiments and voice?: Investigation with age groups comparison.

Etsuko T. Harada, Riko Hasegawa, Wataru Kayano, Hirotaka Osawa

Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society(CogSci) (cognitivesciencesociety.org) 2015

Joint Work, Accepted

Gestures for Manually Controlling a Helping Hand Robot.

Mahisorn Wongphati, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Int. J. Soc. Robotics (SPRINGER) 7 ( 5 ) 731 - 742 2015

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1875-4791

Helping hand robots have been the focus of a number of studies and have high potential in modern manufacturing processes and for use in daily living. As helping hand robots interact closely with users, it is important to find natural and intuitive user interfaces for interacting with the robots in various situations. This study describes a set of gestures for interacting with and controlling helping hand robots in situations in which users need to manually control the robot but both hands are not available, for example, when users are holding tools or objects in their hands. The gestures are derived from an experimental study that asked participants for gestures suitable for controlling primitive robot motions. The selected gestures can be used to control translation and orientation of an end effector of a helping hand robot when one or both hands are engaged with tasks. As an example for validating the proposed gestures, we implemented a helping hand robot system to perform a soldering task.

Ethics and Social Responsibility: Case Study of a Journal Cover Design Under Fire.

Arisa Ema, Hirotaka Osawa, Hiromitsu Hattori, Naonori Akiya

Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (ACM) 935 - 940 2015

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

E-Gaze: Create Gaze Communication for People with Visual Disability.

Shi Qiu, Hirotaka Osawa, Jun Hu 0001, Matthias Rauterberg

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction(HAI) (ACM) 199 - 202 2015

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Animacy perception of agents: Their effects on users behavior and variability between age groups.

Riko Hasegawa, Etsuko T. Harada, Wataru Kayano, Hirotaka Osawa

2015 24TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ROBOT AND HUMAN INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION (RO-MAN) (IEEE) 106 - 111 2015

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Responsive Mouth: Enhancing Your Emotional Skill with Partial Agency.

Hirotaka Osawa

Proceedings of the Tenth Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (ACM) 299 - 299 2015

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Animacy perception of systems with agency

Hasegawa,Riko, Harada,Etsuko T, Kayano,wataru, Osawa,Hirotaka

Proceedings of the Japanese Society for Cognitive Psychology (The Japanese Society for Cognitive Psychology) 2015 ( 0 ) 5 - 5 2015

Joint Work, Last author, Accepted

Embodied agents quipped to the information systems make communication between users and agents more smoothly, which in turn lead users to more high order usage. We have a hypothesis that human-like interaction with agents may be based on user's perceptions of animacy to the agent. In order to investigate whether users perceiving animacy to the agents or not, and also to know how those animacy perception will be affected by the physical embodiment of agent, we executed an experiment to compare three agent conditions with a microwave oven: the embodied condition equipped with the antheropomorphization robots shaped eyes and arms, the voice_only condition equipped with the agent's voice, and the control condition without agent. Each of 36 participants who were older adults (aged over 65) and younger adults (undergrad students) executed the usability test of the oven and evaluated the subjective perceptions of its animacy. The result showed two type of animacy; lifelikeness and intelligence. Older adults showed increasing with both types of animacy when the agent had the embodiment, whereas younger adults decreased evaluation of intelligence with the physical embodiment. Based on the d

User-defined gestures for controlling primitive motions of an end effector.

Mahisorn Wongphati, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Adv. Robotics (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD) 29 ( 4 ) 225 - 238 2015

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0169-1864

In designing and developing a gesture recognition system, it is crucial to know the characteristics of a gesture selected to control, for example, an end effector of a robot arm. We conducted an experiment to collect a set of user-defined gestures and investigate characteristics of the gestures for controlling primitive motions of an end effector in human-robot collaboration. We recorded 152 gestures from 19 volunteers by presenting virtual robotic arm movements to the participants, and then asked the participants to think about and perform gestures that would cause the motions. It was found that the hands were the parts of the body used most often for gesture articulation even when the participants were holding tools and objects with both hands: a number of participants used one- and two-handed gestures interchangeably, gestures were consistently performed by the participants across all pairs of reversible gestures, and the participants expected better recognition performance for gestures that were easy to think of and perform. These findings are expected to be useful as guidelines in creating a gesture set for controlling robotic arms according to natural user behaviors.

Access to Document (DOI)

Solving Hanabi: Estimating Hands by Opponent's Actions in Cooperative Game with Incomplete Information.

Hirotaka Osawa

AAAI workshop: Computer Poker and Imperfect Information (AAAI Press) 37 - 43 2015

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

人の適応性を支える環境知能システムの構築

IMAI MICHITA

人工知能 31 43 - 39 2015

Development of Werewolf Match System for Human Players Mediated with Lifelike Agents

Yu Kobayashi, Hirotaka Osawa, Michimasa Inaba, Kousuke Shinoda, Fujio Toriumi, Daisuke Katagami

Proceedings of the second international conference on Human-agent interaction(HAI) (ACM) 2014 ( 2014 ) 133 - 134 2014.10

Joint Work

本研究では,若者の対話教育のための対話支援環境として,擬人化エージェントを用いた人狼対戦システムを提案した.他者の推測と信頼を得る発話が必要となる対話ゲーム「人狼」を使い,人間とエージェントが混在する多人数環境で,1対多の説得技法を学ぶ.人狼知能エージェントの開発とその成果を通して,会話能力を鍛え,自らの意見を論理的に組み立て,発信する若者を育てる教育方法を開発することを本研究の目的とする.

人狼知能サーバの構築

鳥海不二夫, 梶原健吾, 大澤博隆, 稲葉通将, 片上大輔, 篠田孝祐

ゲームプログラミングワークショップ2014論文集 2014 127 - 132 2014.10

人工知能を用いたゲームをプレイするエージェントは数多く開発されているが，現在までに，人工知能が人間に勝利しているテーブルゲームの多くは全ての情報が公開されている完全情報ゲームである．それに対して，ゲームの中には情報が完全には公開されておらず，情報の被均一性がゲーム性を演出する不完全情報ゲームや，ゲームの本質がプレイヤ同士の自由対話や交渉によって実現されるコミュニケーションゲームがある．本研究では，不完全情報コミュニケーションゲームである人狼ゲームをエージェントがプレイするサーバを構築し，人とエージェント，エージェントとエージェントがそれぞれゲームをプレイする環境を整える．

議論の構造に着目した人狼ゲームの分析

稲葉通将, 大澤博隆, 片上大輔, 篠田孝祐, 鳥海不二夫

ゲームプログラミングワークショップ2014論文集 2014 61 - 66 2014.10

人狼ゲームのプレイヤーは，相手から自分がどう見られるのかを考慮しつつ，他のプレイヤーの思惑を推理し，交渉・説得を行っていく必要がある．本研究では，人間らしく振る舞う人狼ゲームエージェント実現に役立つ知識の獲得のため，実際に人間同士で行われた人狼ゲームにおける議論の構造に着目した分析を行う．議論の構造を踏まえた分析を行うため，まず各発話に対してタグ付与を行う．次に，そのタグ間の関係を捉えることで，提示された意見に対する「同調」と「反駁」という観点から議論の分析を行う．

人狼知能達成におけるエージェントの推論モデル

大澤博隆, 鳥海不二夫, 稲葉通将, 片上大輔, 梶原健吾, 篠田孝祐

ゲームプログラミングワークショップ2014論文集 2014 157 - 161 2014.10

著者らは人工知能によって人狼というゲームを解くことを目標としている。人狼ゲームを解くためには、他者の意図を記述し、自己や他者の心的モデルを記述し、扱えるような手法が必要となる。本研究では BDI 論理を用いたエージェントの推論記述法を提案した。また、実際の人狼プレイログを用いて、このような BDI 論理でどのような記述が可能となるか検証した。

Evaluating Tip Shape of Robotic Arm for Anthropomorphic Explanation of Home-appliances

KAYANO Wataru, OSAWA Hirotaka, HASEGAWA Riko, HARADA Etsuko

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. CNR, クラウドネットワークロボット (The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) 114 ( 227 ) 11 - 14 2014.09

Joint Work, ISSN 0913-5685

橙色の屋根のお家：楽しみながら訓練できるデジタルセラピーデバイス

渡辺柚佳子, 岡田佳子, 大澤博隆, 河合広至, 菅谷みどり

エンタテインメントコンピューティングシンポジウム2014論文集 2014 225 - 228 2014.09

子どもの学習障害，発達障害は，学習面のみならず，対人関係や運動面においても生じる様々な困難を緩和するために日常的に社会的なスキルを育成するための訓練を行う必要がある．従来訓練は，専門知識を持ったセラピストの同席，高価な機材が必要とされることが多く，頻繁に行えない問題がある．本研究では，伝統的なプレイセラピーをセンサとCGの連携によりデジタルデバイスとして拡張し，楽しみながら訓練に取り組める新しい訓練デバイスを提案する．本デバイスは，コミュニケーションの中でも特に話すこと聞くことを子どもに自然に促し，専門家でなくても話す聞くスキルを育成しやくすることを目的とした．本論文では，事前に開発した教材のプロトタイプを示し，専門家とのデバイスの機能の評価の指針と方法を議論した内容を述べた.

舞台演出手法を取り入れた Mixed Reality アプリケーション開発環境の提案

樫村健人, 大澤博隆, 菅谷みどり

エンタテインメントコンピューティングシンポジウム2014論文集 2014 118 - 122 2014.09

Mixed Reality は，Augmented Reality(拡張現実)，Virtual Reality (仮想現実)を組み合わせた表現により，没入感を促進することでゲームや教育に応用される事が期待されている. ただし，アプリケーション開発では，物理情報と仮想情報の対応を統合的に行う抽象モデルと，それを具体化するための共通基盤となるライブラリが十分存在せず，新規開発が困難である問題がある．本研究では舞台演出の概念を取り入れる事により，統合的なモデル化が容易になると考え，それに基づく開発環境の提案を目的とした．論文では，提案するモデルについて述べる．

Round-table Talk on SF and AI

TOHNO Tsukasa, MORIOKA Hiroyuki, HAYASHI Kenji, MATSUBARA Hitoshi, OSAWA Hirotaka, KURIHARA Satoshi, YAMASHITA Tomohisa

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 29 ( 5 ) 534 - 541 2014.09

ISSN 21882266

Enhancing Empathy toward an Agent by Immersive Learning

Hirotaka,Osawa, Michita,Imai

The 1st International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction 2014.08

Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

橙色の屋根のお家 : コミュニケーションに障害を持つ児童向けのデジタル教材(「ユビキタスコンピューティング技術とサービスコンピューティング」及び一般)

渡辺, 柚佳子, 岡田, 佳子, 大澤, 博隆, 菅谷, みどり

IEICE technical report. SC, Services Computing (The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) 114 ( 157 ) 43 - 48 2014.07

Joint Work, ISSN 0913-5685

Children who are suffering on learning and developmental disabilities need daily trainings for social skills. However, such daily training is not provided occasionally because it requires interactive helps from therapists. In this paper, we propose a digital dollhouse that extended the traditional psychological play therapy equipped with digital sensors and computer graphics. This device aimed at raising especially the speaking and hearing skills also in communication even if the superintendent of training is not a therapist. We have developed proposed digital play therapy device. Based on the device, we discussed the usefulness of the device with the therapist, and the policy and metrics for the evaluation of the functionalities that are expected for the skill's training.

橙色の屋根のお家:コミュニケーションに障害を持つ児童向けのデジタル教材

渡辺, 柚佳子, 岡田, 佳子, 大澤, 博隆, 菅谷, みどり

情報処理学会研究報告. UBI, [ユビキタスコンピューティングシステム] (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 2014 ( 8 ) 1 - 6 2014.07

Joint Work, ISSN 0919-6072

Children who are suffering on learning and developmental disabilities need daily trainings for social skills. However, such daily training is not provided occasionally because it requires interactive helps from therapists. In this paper, we propose a digital dollhouse that extended the traditional psychological play therapy equipped with digital sensors and computer graphics. This device aimed at raising especially the speaking and hearing skills also in communication even if the superintendent of training is not a therapist. We have developed proposed digital play therapy device. Based on the device, we discussed the usefulness of the device with the therapist, and the policy and metrics for the evaluation of the functionalities that are expected for the skill's training.

Partial Automation of Social Behavior with Anthropomorphization of a User

OSAWA Hirotaka

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. CNR, クラウドネットワークロボット (The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) 114 ( 85 ) 27 - 32 2014.06

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 0913-5685

We propose the notion of an emotional cyborg as a new application proposal in the human-agent interaction (HAI) field. We summarize what kind of human processes maintain emotional labor and how such kind of social labor is supported by HAI technologies. We implemented AgencyGlass, a prototype application, as a tool for realizing an emotional cyborg. The device is attached on a user's face and displays the user's eye gestures. The authors implemented a prototype application for supporting emotional labor with AgencyGlass and presented this as a video. The authors analyzed reactions from media and online feedback on the prototype and illustrate the future of HAI applications.

人狼人工知能プロジェクトの概要と展望

鳥海, 不二夫, 稲葉, 通将, 大澤, 博隆, 片上, 大輔, 篠田, 孝祐, 松原, 仁

情報処理学会研究報告. GI, [ゲーム情報学] (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 2014 ( 5 ) 1 - 1 2014.06

Joint Work, ISSN 0919-6072

物体を擬人化するロボット

大澤,博隆

ロボコンマガジン 2014.05

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author

Sustainable Relationship with a Product using Anthropomorphization Influence of Anthropomorphization

Hirotaka,Osawa

Human-Agent Interaction Design and Models workshop at AAMAS 2014.05

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author

強化学習を用いた人狼における最適戦略の抽出

梶原健吾, 鳥海不二夫, 大橋弘忠, 大澤博隆, 片上大輔, 稲葉通将, 篠田孝祐, 西野順二

第76回全国大会講演論文集 2014 ( 1 ) 597 - 598 2014.03

近年の人工知能の技術の発展により、チェスや将棋等の完全情報ゲームでは人工知能が人間のプロを相手に勝利するようになった。一方で、不完全情報ゲームについての研究は多くはない。そこでコミュニケーションゲーム“人狼”に着目し、人工知能が目指すべき新たな目標として設定する。本研究ではこのゲーム内で使用される主な言葉をプロトコル化し、各エージェントがそのプロトコルで会話をすることでゲームが進行される。過去の会話内容やプレイヤー数等を環境とし、発言内容や能力者の行動等の戦略をQ学習により学習させ、最適戦略を解析する。

How Artificial Intelligence should be Anthropomorphized?: Findings and Applications of Human Anthropomorphic Attitude

大澤,博隆

Journal of Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 29 ( 2 ) 182 - 189 2014.03

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

Process of Enlarging Complexity of Agent using Delayed Reward Game

大澤,博隆

人工知能学会全国大会 (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 28 ( 0 ) 1 - 3 2014

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 1347-9881

汎用人工知能の標準問題としての人狼ゲーム

篠田, 孝祐, 鳥海, 不二夫, 片上, 大輔, 大澤, 博隆, 稲葉, 通将

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2014 ( 0 ) 2C4OS22a3 - 2C4OS22a3 2014

Joint Work, ISSN 13479881

同調と反駁に着目した人狼ゲームの分析

稲葉, 通将, 鳥海, 不二夫, 大澤, 博隆, 片上, 大輔, 篠田, 孝祐, 西野, 順二

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2014 ( 0 ) 1E4OS23a1 - 1E4OS23a1 2014

Joint Work, ISSN 13479881

我々は，コミュニケーションゲーム「人狼ゲーム」を行う人狼ゲームエージェントの実現を目指している．人狼ゲームでは，プレイヤーは自分の真の意図を隠しつつ意見を述べる必要がある．本研究では，人間らしく振る舞う人狼ゲームエージェントの実現に有用な知識獲得を目指し，出された意見に対するプレイヤーの行動を同調・反駁という観点から分析を行う．

Attachable robotic arm for anthropomorphized explanation by pointing.

Hirotaka Osawa, Wataru Kayano

2014 ASIA-PACIFIC SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING ASSOCIATION ANNUAL SUMMIT AND CONFERENCE (APSIPA) (IEEE) 1 - 4 2014

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Our daily household activities are supported by many complicated home appliances whose functions are difficult to learn. In order to clearly explain the functions of home appliances to users, we design attachable agential triggers to render home appliances as explanatory agents. We detail how our application helps explain the use of home appliances to users. Our proposed robotic arms are easier to use than previously used attachable arms in order to point to a home appliance.

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Investigation of the effects of nonverbal information on werewolf.

Daisuke Katagami, Shono Takaku, Michimasa Inaba, Hirotaka Osawa, Kousuke Shinoda, Junji Nishino, Fujio Toriumi

2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUZZY SYSTEMS (FUZZ-IEEE) (IEEE) 982 - 987 2014

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1544-5615

Werewolf is one of the popular communication games all over the world. It treats ambiguity of human discussion including the utterances, gestures and facial expressions in a broad sense. In this research, we pay attention to this imperfect information game werewolf. The purpose of the research is to develop an intelligent agent "AI werewolf" which is enabled to naturally play werewolf with human. This paper aims to investigate how behavior contribute to victory of own-side players by using machine learning as a first step. As the results of investigation and analysis of the playing movie, we found that nonverbal information in the game of werewolf has importance to winning or losing the game.

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Intelligence arms race: delayed reward increases complexity of agent strategies.

Hirotaka Osawa

International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (IFAAMAS/ACM) 789 - 796 2014

Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

FAN-14-019 Learning on "Are You a Werewolf?"

TORIUMI Fujio, INABA Michimasa, OSAWA Hirotaka, KATAGAMI Daisuke, SHINODA Kosuke

FAN Symposium : Intelligent System Symposium-fuzzy, AI, neural network applications technologies (The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) 2014 ( 24 ) 86 - 91 2014

Joint Work

FAN-14-018 Quantification of the Inuence of Roles in Werewolf Game

INABA Michimasa, TORIUMI Fujio, OSAWA Hirotaka, KATAGAMI Daisuke, SHINODA Kousuke

FAN Symposium : Intelligent System Symposium-fuzzy, AI, neural network applications technologies (The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) 2014 ( 24 ) 82 - 85 2014

Joint Work

FAN-14-017 Designing Protocol of Werewolf Game : Protocol for Inference and Persuasion

OSAWA Hirotaka, TORIUMI Fujio, KATAGAMI Daisuke, SHINODA Kosuke, INABA Michimasa

FAN Symposium : Intelligent System Symposium-fuzzy, AI, neural network applications technologies (The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) 2014 ( 24 ) 78 - 81 2014

Joint Work

FAN-14-016 A proposal of Ai Werewolf Game Challenge for Standard AI Problem

Shinoda Kosuke, Toriumi Fujio, Inaba Masamichi, Osawa Hirotaka, Katagami Daisuke

FAN Symposium : Intelligent System Symposium-fuzzy, AI, neural network applications technologies (The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) 2014 ( 24 ) 74 - 77 2014

Joint Work

Emotional cyborg: human extension with agency for emotional labor.

Hirotaka Osawa

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction(HRI) (ACM) 108 - 108 2014

Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Emotional cyborg: complementing emotional labor with human-agent interaction technology.

Hirotaka Osawa

Proceedings of the second international conference on Human-agent interaction(HAI) (ACM) 51 - 57 2014

Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Digital play therapy for children with learning disabilities.

Yukako Watanabe, Yoshiko Okada, Hirotaka Osawa, Midori Sugaya

Proceedings of the second international conference on Human-agent interaction(HAI) (ACM) 185 - 188 2014

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Sustainable relationship with product by implementing intentional interaction.

Hirotaka Osawa

International conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems(AAMAS) (IFAAMAS/ACM) 1677 - 1678 2014

Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, Accepted

The Simulation of Bullying and Conforming at a Class Based on Socion Theory

Osumi Toshihiro, Osawa Hirotaka, Imai Michita

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems (The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan) 134 ( 4 ) 560 - 570 2014

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0385-4221

Bullying is a serious problem, especially at elementary school and junior high school and occurs all over the world with some differences. As a countermeasure against bullying, many interventions and preventive programs were proposed (e.g., counseling, dispatch of advisers, group work, suspension order) and there are many researches about analysis of bullying and intervention and preservation strategies. However, a lot of samples and long times are required for analysis of the strategies in the real world. And we believe simulations of the bullying and the countermeasures are effective as a quick and easy analysis. In this paper, we developed a simulation model of school bullying "within-group" or "within-class" that is based on "Socion theory". The primary feature of "Socion theory" is that each agent has an imagined personal relationship. We implemented a strategy named conforming strategy to simulate the bullying caused by conforming behaviors of students. The student agents who implement the conforming strategy watch the human relationship around them and update their own imagined relationships. Then they conform to other students to get good positions or keep their grounds on the basis of simulation results based on their own imagined relationships. The result of the experiment shows the conforming strategy increases the probability of bullying and the number of victims, and conforming behaviors increase the probability of bullying in the real world. We also show a state that a teacher underestimates or cannot perceive bullying when it occurred, and many teachers underestimate or cannot perceive bullying in the real world. Totally, we show that "Socion theory" has expressiveness to use as a foundation of bullying simulation.

Function Learning by Self-explanatory Interface

OSAWA Hirotaka

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. CNR, クラウドネットワークロボット (The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) 113 ( 84 ) 9 - 12 2013.06

Single Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 0913-5685

Self-explanatory interface helps self-learning process of learner without third person explainer between learner and learned appliance. The learner need not to conscious about explainer during the learning process. This method sustains self-respect of each learner and continues motivation for learning. In this study, we proposes self-explanatory interface that changes the level of appearance according to user's attribute. We implemented several hardware to control anthropomorphic presence of home-appliance for supporting self-explanatory learning method.

触知覚伝達は人とロボットに一体感をもたらすか?

金井祐輔, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 113 ( 84 ) 19 - 23 2013.06

ISSN 09135685

Research Trends on Human-Agent Interaction(<Special Issue>Agent Technology)

OSAWA Hirotaka, Hirotaka Osawa

Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 28 ( 3 ) 405 - 411 2013.05

Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 0912-8085

Merging Viewpoints of User and Avatar in Telecommunication Using Image and Sound Projector

大澤,博隆, 野田,誠人, 大村,廉, 今井,倫太

情報処理学会論文誌 54 ( 4 ) 1413 - 1421 2013.04

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1882-7764

本論文では，仮想的な身体を持つアバタを投影する遠隔コミュニケーションシステムPROT AVATARにおけるアバタ操作手法に関する実験をもとに，得られた知見について議論する．PROT AVATARによるコミュニケーションでは，アバタの操作者の映像を遠隔地に投影するため，表情により感情を伝えることができる．さらに，アバタの操作者にとっては明確ではない，アバタの投影に適切な位置をシステムが自動で計算するため，アバタの操作者は投影位置を考えることなく遠隔の環境内を指し示すことができる．しかし，アバタの操作者が採用する視点はアバタの視点とは異なることがあるため，アバタの操作者の発話がアバタとの対話者にとっては自然ではない場合がある．本論文では，アバタの操作手法として，自動操作手法と半自動操作手法の2つの手法を設計・実装し，比較実験を行った．実験の結果，半自動操作手法のほうが自動操作手法よりも，アバタとの対話者にとって自然な発話を引き出すことが示された．また，実験を通して得られた遠隔コミュニケーションシステム関する知見をまとめる．This paper discusses the findings of the viewpoint of an avatar-controlling user on the basis of experimentation with an implemented telecommunication system named PROT AVATAR. Communication using an avatar with facial expressions is useful when a user wants to express emotions. On top of this feature, our system supports avatar movement toward nearest visible location to the target, which is not obvious for the avatar controller. With our system, the avatar controller can easily refer to something remotely. However, sometimes, the words of an avatar controller may not be intuitive for an avatar viewer, because the avatar controller does not necessarily share the viewpoint of the avatar. We designed automatic and semi-automatic methods for controlling the avatar, and we conducted an experiment to compare the two methods. The results showed that semi-automatic control brought more intuitive utterances for an avatar viewer than fully automatic control, and they have design implications for telecommunication systems.

Merging Viewpoints of User and Avatar in Telecommunication Using Image and Sound Projector

石井,健太郎, 谷口,祐司, 大澤,博隆, 中臺,一博, 今井,倫太

Journal of information processing 54 ( 4 ) 1413 - 1421 2013.04

Joint Work, Accepted

全方位台車を用いたロボットアバタシステム

中谷慶太, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 112 ( 436 ) 27 - 30 2013.02

ISSN 09135685

Collecting Task between Human and Empty-box using Behaviors with Two-axis Actuators

大澤,博隆, 飛田,国星, 桑山,裕基, 今井,倫太, 山田,誠二

The transaction of Human Interface Society (ヒュ-マンインタフェ-ス学会) 15 ( 1 ) 39 - 50 2013.02

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1344-7262

In this paper, we propose to make intention drawing from system to human and collecting task between human and empty-box just by behaviors with two axis actuators. First, we extracted elements of minimum interaction model between user and empty-box using immersion discovering method based on Wizard of Oz method. Next, we designed three-state model based on findings. Third, we implemented three-state model by motion capture system, and confirms how collecting task was achieved. Last, we evaluated these models are indistinguishable from human manipulation using Turing-test based evaluation.

分離した身体を持つロボットによるインタラクション戦略の生成

大澤, 博隆, Wongphati, Mahisorn, 今井, 倫太

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2013 3J1OS20a2 - 3J1OS20a2 2013

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author

著者らは、人間と異なるロボットの意図伝達戦略を発見する手法として、人間の操作者がロボットに成り代わりながらインタラクション戦略を発見する没入型発見法を提案している。本研究では没入型発見法を使用し、回転台とロボットアームという複数のロボットを操作者が自分の身体として操り、積み木の組み立て方を参加者に対し教える実験を行った。分析結果を通して、参加者がどのように意図を理解したか検討する。

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交代取引ゲームにおける他者識別規則の進化

大澤, 博隆, 今井, 倫太

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2013 4H13 - 4H13 2013

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author

交代取引ゲームは反復囚人のジレンマゲームの一種であり、相互協調よりも協調、裏切りの順番を交代する際に両者の最終利得が高くなる。本研究では交代取引ゲームを人工生命によるシミュレーションと人間集団同士の交代取引ゲームの両者から調べた。結果、交代取引ゲームにおいて初手の交渉結果をシグナルとして固有の信号を発信し、交渉に価する他エージェントを識別する他者信頼能力が発達していくことがわかった。

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Blended Realityにより遠隔コミュニケーションを支援するアバターの設計

金井, 祐輔, 大澤, 博隆, 今井, 倫太

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 2013 1M4OS18b4 - 1M4OS18b4 2013

Joint Work

本稿ではblended realityにより遠隔地に居る人とのコミュニケーションを支援するアバターを提案する。Blended realityとは実世界空間と仮想空間を連続的に繋げ、両空間間でのインタラクションを可能にする技術をいう。Blended reality空間でインタラクションすることで実世界空間インタラクションと仮想空間インタラクションの両方の利点を生かしたインタラクションを可能にする。

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Pygmy: A ring-shaped robotic device for storytelling

Ogata, M., Sugiura, Y., Osawa, H., Imai, M.

International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control 9 ( 12 ) 2013

Joint Work, Accepted

Morphing agency: deconstruction of an agent with transformative agential triggers.

Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Annual conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) (ACM) 2237 - 2246 2013

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Interaction with an agent in blended reality.

Yusuke Kanai, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8TH ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTION (HRI 2013) (IEEE) 153 - 154 2013

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 2167-2121

This paper proposes a Blended Reality Agent called "BReA" that can exist in both the real and virtual world and has communicative advantages that is more than simply the sum of those of a robotic agent and an on-screen agent. BReA can seamlessly transfer between the real world and virtual world and users can communicate with BReA without interruption during the transference. We conducted a field test and showed that users can recognize when it points from the virtual world to a real world object after it moves from the real world to virtual world. This result supports a hypothesis that communicating with BReA helps users recognize the link between real world and virtual world objects and virtual world information.

Interaction with an agent in Blended Reality

Yusuke Kanai, Hirotaka Ohsawa, Michita Imai

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction 153 - 154 2013

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 2167-2148

This paper proposes a Blended Reality Agent called 'BReA' that can exist in both the real and virtual world and has communicative advantages that is more than simply the sum of those of a robotic agent and an on-screen agent. BReA can seamlessly transfer between the real world and virtual world and users can communicate with BReA without interruption during the transference. We conducted a field test and showed that users can recognize when it points from the virtual world to a real world object after it moves from the real world to virtual world. This result supports a hypothesis that communicating with BReA helps users recognize the link between real world and virtual world objects and virtual world information. © 2013 IEEE.

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FlashTouch: data communication through touchscreens.

Masayasu Ogata, Yuta Sugiura, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings (ACM) 2321 - 2324 2013

Joint Work, Accepted

FlashTouch is a new technology that enables data communication between touchscreen-based mobile devices and digital peripheral devices. Touchscreen can be used as communication media using visible light and capacitive touch. In this paper, we designed a stylus prototype to describe the concept of FlashTouch. With this prototype, users can easily transfer data from one mobile device to another. It eliminates the complexity associated with data sharing among mobile users, which is currently achieved by online data sharing services or wireless connections for data sharing that need a pairing operation to establish connections between devices. Therefore, it can prove to be of particular significance to people who are not adept at current software services and hardware functions. Finally, we demonstrate the valuable applications in online settlements via mobile device, and data communication for mobile robots. Copyright © 2013 ACM.

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Evolution of Mutual Trust Protocol in Human-based Multi-Agent Simulation.

Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Proceedings of the Twelfth European Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems: Advances in Artificial Life(ECAL) (MIT Press) 692 - 697 2013

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

BReA: Potentials of combining reality and virtual communications using a blended reality agent.

Yusuke Kanai, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication(RO-MAN) (IEEE) 604 - 609 2013

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Immersive Discovery Method for Exploring Interaction Strategies of an Agent:Changing Interaction Strategy by Different Degree of Freedom

Osawa Hirotaka, Imai Michita

Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 28 ( 2 ) 160 - 169 2013

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1346-0714

We propose an alternative approach to find each robotic agent's unique interaction strategies, called Immersing Discovery Method. In this approach, the human manipulator behaves as if she/he becomes the robot and finds efficient interaction strategies based on each robot's shape and modalities. We implement the system including a reconfigurable body robot, an easier manipulation system, and a recording system to evaluate the validity of our method. We evaluate a block-assembling task by the system by turning on and off the modality of the robot's head. Subsequently, the robot's motion during player's motion significantly increases whereas the ratio of confirmatory behavior significantly decreases in the head-fixed design. This result suggests that the robot leads the users and the user follows the robot in head-fixed condition not as in a normal turn-taking interaction style of the head-free condition.

Agency in Artifacts and Artificial System from the Viewpoint of Human-Agent Interaction

Osawa Hirotaka

Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan (The Robotics Society of Japan) 31 ( 9 ) 868 - 873 2013

Joint Work, Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author, ISSN 0289-1824

Simulation of Human-Agent Interaction based on Socion

今井, 倫太, 大隅, 俊宏, 大澤, 博隆, 村川, 賀彦

Proc. of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 27 ( 0 ) 1 - 3 2013

Joint Work, ISSN 1347-9881

iRing : 赤外線反射を用いてジェスチャ認識する指輪型インタフェース

尾形正泰, 杉浦裕太, 大澤博隆

日本バーチャルリアリティ学会大会論文集 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan annual conference ([東京] : [日本バーチャルリアリティ学会]) 17 11 - 14 2012.09

ISSN 13495062

ユーザの状態を考慮した能動的情報提示システムIPSODAの検証

大西樹, 北出卓也, 大澤博隆

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 112 ( 105 ) 17 - 21 2012.06

ISSN 09135685

チューリングテストを用いたロボットの自律的振る舞い改善

飛田国星, 大澤博隆, 山田誠二

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 111 ( 446 ) 25 - 28 2012.02

ISSN 09135685

ロボットハードウェア構成を考慮したアプリケーション選定クラウドシステムの提案

加賀美崇紘, 尾形正泰, 大澤博隆

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 111 ( 446 ) 19 - 23 2012.02

ISSN 09135685

Examination of the possibility of the non-language Turing test with the robot of 2 axes

飛田国星, 大澤博隆, 山田誠二

人工知能学会全国大会論文集 (人工知能学会) 26 1 - 4 2012

Joint Work, ISSN 1347-9881

Behavioral Turing test using two-axis actuators.

Hirotaka Osawa, Kunitoshi Tobita, Yuki Kuwayama, Michita Imai, Seiji Yamada

Proceedings - IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (IEEE) 328 - 333 2012

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

The Turing test is an imitation game for determining the intelligence of an agent. In spite of its simplified setting, the use of natural language between two agents in the test is still too high a hurdle for achieving fruitful results in the field of artificial intelligence. In this paper, the authors propose a variation of the Turing test with a restricted communication method. This modified test uses behaviors generated by two-axis actuators for communication instead of the natural language dialogue used in the normal Turing test. This reduction of scope reveals what kinds of features are essential for an imitation game, and broaden the application brought by Turing test. When we learn what sorts of communication become possible with restricted actuation, we can apply this knowledge to any kind of robot or device in the real world. First, we tried to determine what elements are critical for communication between a user and a robot through a preliminary experiment involving human-human communication. A human manipulator received a video image as input and controlled a "robot box" with two actuators in a way that would lead a user to put other objects into the box. The results indicated what kinds of behavior are required to show the intention of the manipulator to the user. Second, we analyzed the result of the preliminary experiment, organized a behavioral model from the result, and programmed the robot box to run the model. The behavior of the robot was programmed according to the user's head and hand locations as identified by a motion captures system. The robot automatically interact with a human without human manipulation with this program. Third, we conducted a behavioral Turing test in a communication task whereby the human collected items according to the instructions of the robot box. In this test, two actuators on the box is controlled both by human manipulator and our program. The answers of users suggests that the users could not identify which is controlled by a human manipulator or the program. This result indicates that the Turing test succeed in a restricted behavioral level. © 2012 IEEE.

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Pygmy: a ring-like anthropomorphic device that animates the human hand.

Masayasu Ogata, Yuta Sugiura, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings (ACM) 1003 - 1006 2012

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Possessed Robot: How to Find Original Nonverbal Communication Style in Human-robot Interaction.

Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

ICAART: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGENTS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, VOL 1 (SCITEPRESS) 632 - 641 2012

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

We propose an alternative approach called the Possessed Robot method to find each robots unique communication strategies. In this approach, the human manipulator behaves as if she:he possesses the robot and finds the optimal communication strategies based on each robot's shape and modalities. We implement the Possessed Robot system (PoRoS) including a reconfigurable body robot, an easier manipulation system, and a recording system to evaluate the validity of our method. We evaluate a block-assembling task by PoRoS by turning on and off the modality of the robot's head. Subsequently, the robot's motion during player's motion significantly increases whereas the ratio of confirmatory behaviour significantly decreases in the head-fixed design. Based on the results, we find an example case for the optimal communication strategy in the head-fixed design. In this case, the robot leads the users and the user follows the robot as in the turn-taking communication style of the humanlike condition. This result shows the feasibility of the Possessed Robot method to make appropriate strategy adjustments based on the robot design.

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Partially Disembodied Robot: Social Interactions with a Robot's Virtual Body.

Hirotaka Osawa, Thibault Voisin, Michita Imai

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) (Springer) 7621 438 - 447 2012

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 0302-9743

We propose a novel social robot called partially disembodied robot. This system has the advantages of real-world robots and virtual agents, guaranteeing a high social presence without sacrificing space efficiency. The robot consists of body parts that mimic human hands and eyes in order to give the user visual feedback, and is able to react to human contact through 3D detection, thus allowing the possibility for the user to interact through touching the robot. We evaluated how our system regulates users' behaviors during the solving process of the Tower of Hanoi problem. First, the users solve a Tower of Hanoi problem while being helped by the robot, but without having defined its body. In the second phase, the users were asked to define the robot's body and to play with it using the different interactions implemented. Finally, they were asked to solve the Tower of Hanoi problem once again, this time with the robot's body they defined. We could observe that the presence of the robot was perceived much more clearly by the user after they defined the robot's body, and when they were able to physically interact with it. Users' social response to the robot also seemed to be mediated by their feelings about its social presence. Finally, we found that the shyness of the users can impact the size of the robot's body that they define. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

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iRing: intelligent ring using infrared reflection.

Masayasu Ogata, Yuta Sugiura, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

UIST'12: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH ANNUAL ACM SYMPOSIUM ON USER INTERFACE SOFTWARE AND TECHNOLOGY (ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY) 131 - 136 2012

Joint Work, Accepted

We present the iRing, an intelligent input ring device developed for measuring finger gestures and external input. iRing recognizes rotation, finger bending, and external force via an infrared (IR) reflection sensor that leverages skin characteristics such as reflectance and softness. Furthermore, iRing allows using a push and stroke input method, which is popular in touch displays. The ring design has potential to be used as a wearable controller because its accessory shape is socially acceptable, easy to install, and safe, and iRing does not require extra devices. We present examples of iRing applications and discuss its validity as an inexpensive wearable interface and as a human sensing device.

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Give me a hand - How users ask a robotic arm for help with gestures

Mahisorn Wongphati, Yusuke Kanai, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Proceedings - 2012 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems, CYBER 2012 (IEEE Computer Society) 64 - 68 2012

Joint Work, Accepted

A task that requires two hands to perform such as soldering usually needs additional tools for holding (e.g. a cable) or adding (e.g. solder) an object to a specific position. A robotic manipulator or robotic arm is one of the solution for this requirement. When gesture is selected as a method for controlling a robot, characteristics of gestures are needed for designing and developing a gesture recognition system. With this requirement, we conducted an experiment to obtain a set of userdefined gestures in the soldering task to find out properties and patterns of a gesture for future development of our research. 152 gestures were collected from 19 participants by presenting the "effect" of the gesture (robotic arm movement), and then asking the participants to perform its "cause" (a user-defined gesture). The analyzed data shows that hands are the most used body parts even they are occupied by the task, that one-hand and two-hands gestures were used interchangeably by the participants, that the majority of the participants performed reversible gestures for reversible movements, and that the participants were expecting for better recognition performance on an easier to plan gesture. Our finding can be useful as a guideline for creating gesture set and system for controlling robotic arms based on natural behavior of users. © 2012 IEEE.

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Embodiment of an agent by anthropomorphization of a common object.

Hirotaka Osawa, Yuji Matsuda, Ren Ohmura, Michita Imai

Web Intell. Agent Syst. (IOS Press) 10 ( 3 ) 345 - 358 2012

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1570-1263

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Pygmy: a ring-shaped robotic device that promotes the presence of an agent on human hand.

Masa Ogata, Yuta Sugiura, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

APCHI'12 - Proceedings of the 2012 Asia Pacific Conference on Computer-Human Interaction (ACM) 85 - 92 2012

Joint Work, Accepted

The human hand is an appropriate part to attach an agent robot. Pygmy is an anthropomorphic device that produces a presence on a human hand by magnifying the fingerexpressions. This device is in trial to develop an interaction model of an agent on the hand. It is based on the concept of hand anthropomorphism and uses finger movements to create the anthropomorphic effect. Wearing the device is similar to having eyes and a mouth on the hand
the wearer's hand spontaneously expresses the agent's presence with the emotions conveyed by the eyes and mouth. Interactive manipulation by controllers and sensors make the hand look animated. We observed that the character animated with the device provided user collaboration and interaction as though there were a living thing on the user's hand. Further, the users play with the device by representing characters animated with Pygmy as their doubles. Copyright 2012 ACM.

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On-screen agentとRobot agentの切り替えによる情報提示手法の提案

金井祐輔, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI2012 ( 0 ) 1L2R75 - 1L2R75 2012

ISSN 13479881

1P1-P06 Pygmy : Development of A Ring-like Anthropomorphic Robot(Robots for Amusement and Entertainment)

OGATA Masayasu, SUGIURA Yuta, OSAWA Hirotaka, IMAI Michita

The Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) (The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) 2012 ( 0 ) _1P1-P06_1 - _1P1-P06_2 2012

The human hand is used to express characters by its posure. Pygmy is an anthropomorphic device that magnifies the finger expressions. It is based on the concept of hand anthropomorphism and uses finger movements to create the anthropomorphic effect. Wearing the device is similar to having eyes and a mouth on the hand; the wearer's hand spontaneously expresses a presence of living thing with the emotions conveyed by the eyes and mouth. Interactive manipulation by controllers and sensors make the hand look animated. We developed small parts of robotic eye and mouth with electromagnetic motor. We observed that the character animated with the device provided user collaboration and interaction as though there were a living thing on the user's hand.

Where do you want to use a robotic arm? and what do you want from the robot?

Mahisorn Wongphati, Yushi Matsuda, Hirokata Osawa, Michita Imai

Proceedings - IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication 322 - 327 2012

Joint Work, Accepted

What will users want from robotic arms when they become part for their daily lives? We conducted an online survey to collect ideas from people about the places in which they would want to use a robotic arm and tasks that they would want the robot arm to perform. 96 people anonymously volunteered to participate in this study. More than 240 sets of place and task were identified in the results of two versions of the web-based questionnaires. The results suggest that the household, workplace, and working surface are, respectively, the three most-mentioned places for robotic arm usage in daily life, that participants who were from different countries but were familiar with information technology did not show significant differences in their answers, and that females showed more interest in household and self-care tasks. Our findings can be used as a guideline for future research and development that focuses on daily life tasks for robotic arms. © 2012 IEEE.

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TEROOS: a wearable avatar to enhance joint activities.

Tadakazu Kashiwabara, Hirotaka Osawa, Kazuhiko Shinozawa, Michita Imai

Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings (ACM) 2001 - 2004 2012

Joint Work, Accepted

This paper proposes a wearable avatar named TEROOS, which is mounted on a person's shoulder. TEROOS allows the users who wear it and control it to share a vision remotely. Moreover, the avatar has an anthropomorphic face that enables the user who controls it to communicate with people co-located with the user who wears it. We have a field test by using TEROOS and observed that the wearable avatar innovatively assisted the users to communicate during their joint activities such as route navigating and buying goods at a shop. The user controlling TEROOS could give the user wearing it appropriate route instructions on the basis of the situation around TEROOS. In addition, both users could easily identify objects that they discussed. Moreover, shop staff members communicated with the user controlling TEROOS and behaved as they normally would when the user asked questions about the goods. Copyright 2012 ACM.

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TEROOS: a wearable avatar to enhance joint activities (video preview).

Tadakazu Kashiwabara, Hirotaka Osawa, Kazuhiko Shinozawa, Michita Imai

CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (ACM) 1433 - 1434 2012

Joint Work

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Researching Nonverbal Communication Strategies in Human-Robot Interaction.

Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Communications in Computer and Information Science (Springer Verlag) 358 417 - 432 2012

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1865-0929

We propose an alternative approach to find each robot's unique communication strategies. In this approach, the human manipulator behaves as if she/he becomes the robot and finds the optimal communication strategies using attachable and detachable robot's shapes and modalities. We implement the system including a reconfigurable body robot, an easier manipulation system, and a recording system to evaluate the validity of our method. We evaluate a block-assembling task by the system by turning on and off the modality of the robot's head. Subsequently, the robot's motion during player's motion significantly increases whereas the ratio of confirmatory behavior significantly decreases in the head-fixed design. In this case, the robot leads the users and the user follows the robot as in the turn-taking communication style of the Head-free condition. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013.

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二軸のロボットを用いた非言語チューリングテストの可能性の検討

飛田国星, 大澤博隆, 山田誠二, 今井倫太

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI2012 ( 0 ) 3K1R113 - 3K1R113 2012

ISSN 13479881

本研究では，二軸のロボットに対する自動動作モデルを複数構築し，どの動作モデルが人間の操作に近いかを，非言語のチューリングテストによって検討した．ロボットには，落ちている物を箱の中に入れるようユーザを誘導するというタスクを行わせた．チューリングテストを行った結果，本研究で構築したロボットの自動動作モデルがユーザから見て，人がロボットを操作した結果と区別がつかないことが示唆された．

物体擬人化インタラクションにおける対話コンテンツの生成

石井健太郎, 大澤博隆, 山田誠二

先進的学習科学と工学研究会 (東京 : 人工知能学会) 62 7 - 12 2011.07

ISSN 13494104

Information presentation model by controlled contextual face

北出卓也, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

研究報告ヒューマンコンピュータインタラクション（HCI） 2011 ( 5 ) 1 - 7 2011.07

本稿では，情報提示中のディスプレイの正面を提示情報のコンテキストを追うための面 (Contextual face) と考え，Contextual face の方向を制御した能動的情報提示モデルを検討する．通常人がディスプレイから情報を得る際，人がディスプレイの正面に立ちコンテンツを閲覧することで，Contextual face が発生する．本稿では，Contextual face の向きを能動的にロボットアームで変え，人に情報提示を行うディスプレイ IPSODA を提案する．Contextual face の向きが変わることで，提示中のコンテンツのコンテキストを維持しようと人が立ち位置を移動することが予想される．IPSODAは，contaxtual face の向きを制御することで，人の注意の誘導および，映像コンテンツと実世界情報の融合を実現する．In this paper We think the front of the display has 'Contextual face' which is the face to show information, and study the active information presentation model powered by control of Contextual face. To get information from display man always sets to Contextual face. In this paper we propose information presentation display'IPSODA' that angle Contextual face by robot arm.

Voicy: Twitter system with robot motion

尾形正泰, 大澤博隆, 篠沢一彦, 今井倫太

研究報告ヒューマンコンピュータインタラクション（HCI） 2011 ( 3 ) 1 - 4 2011.07

本稿では，Twitter をつぶやきプラットフォームとして利用し，Twitter 上に集約されている実世界に関する情報をロボットアバターを用いて提示するエージェントシステムを提案する．ロボットアバターは近年エージェントとして利用される機会が増えているが，モバイル端末などから使用するにはシステムが大掛かりでユーザに負担であった．音声認識技術を用いて容易な入力方法と，肩に載せるタイプのアバターロボットを用いることで，従来と比べてカジュアルなアバターロボットの使用を実現した．また，つぶやきを発話と方向指示をアバターロボットに表現させることで，利用者に実世界の事象を指していることを理解を促すシステムを作成した．In this paper, using Twitter as micro-blogging system, we propose agent system that presents information on twitter about real world with robot avatar. Though robot avatar is getting popular as agent recently, it is a burden for user to make use of agent through such as mobile device because of large system. Using easy input method with voice recognition and a type of avatar robot on shoulder, we realized more casual avatar robot than before. And to make avatar robot to present tweet as utterance and direction indication, system accelerate user to understand that information from avatar is about real world.

Social Modification using Implementation of Partial Agency toward Objects

OSAWA Hirotaka, YAMADA Seiji

International Journal of Artificial Life and Robotics (ALIFE ROBOTICS CORP LTD) 16 ( 1 ) 78-81 - 576 2011.06

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 1433-5298

This paper discusses what kind of partial agency is implementable for objects to bring more suitable agencies toward human agent interaction. Human beings have an ability to inform fellows about our intention, internal states and requirements using verbal talk, gestures, attitudes, timings and other representations. The se representations can keep our belief that we are sufficient agents mutually. The robots and virtual agent also mimic these representations, reproduce as if they have an agency, and interact with them. However, their agencies are sometimes too excessive compared to its task. This mismatch leads high cognitive load toward users and brakes interaction consequently. This defect prevents to apply human agent interaction method toward application field. The authors consider that our agency is constructed by multiple features and dividable. If these features are selectable, we can choose more proper design for virtual agents, robots, machineries, daily home appliances according to their traits. The authors categorized these agencies in several group and discusses about what elements achieves these features. The paper also shows what method can extract these features from human being.

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Twitterタイムライン解析による存在感の抽出

松田有史, 今井倫太, 大澤博隆, 杉山治

第73回全国大会講演論文集 2011 ( 1 ) 169 - 170 2011.03

本研究では、Twitterのツイートを個人の社会性の写像と考え、個人の特徴や存在感といったものがどのような点に現れるか検証した。個人の特徴を捉えることで、従来では明らかにならなかった嗜好、価値観、行動パターンといった存在感の一面を明らかにすることができる。得られた特徴は個人のアバターを創り出すといったアプリケーションや個人に適切な情報を発信するといった推薦システムなどを実装するための基本モデルになると考えられる。本研究では、Twitterタイムラインを解析することにより、個人の特徴的なパターンを抽出し、特徴モデルを形成する方法を提案する。

Twitterタイムライン解析による存在感の抽出

松田有史, 今井倫太, 大澤博隆, 杉山治

第73回全国大会講演論文集 (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 2011 ( 1 ) 169 - 170 2011.03

セマンティックセンサーネットワークにおける時系列処理の提案

尾形正泰, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

第73回全国大会講演論文集 2011 ( 1 ) 99 - 100 2011.03

セマンティックセンサーネットワークでは現実世界の物体に取り付けたセンサーから取得された値を処理することで、現実世界の物体をクラス・インスタンス化して関係や意味を構築するセマンティックを更新することができる。これまでにセンサー値から得られた実世界の情報をもとに、指定された属性に当てはまる物体の検索や危険な状態にある物体の検出を行う研究がなされてきたが、物体に対して過去に行われた操作が今の状態や位置にどのような影響を与えているかまでは把握できていない。今回の提案では物体に行われた操作を遡ってどの操作に問題や欠点があったか、今の状態になるまでに行われた操作を把握できるようになる。

遠隔コミュニケーションの為のウェアラブルロボットアバタの提案

柏原忠和, 大澤博隆, 篠沢一彦, 今井倫太

第73回全国大会講演論文集 (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 2011 ( 1 ) 237 - 238 2011.03

本論文では、遠隔コミュニケーションの為の肩乗り小型ロボットア バタの提案を行う。遠隔地からアバタを操作することで、遠隔地の ユーザーは相手の空間を自由に見渡しながらコミュニケーションを 行える。ロボットと一緒に行動をすると人間はロボットの動作に気 を使い、また小型ロボットの場合は人間が手に持つという煩わしさ があるが、本アバタは身に付ける事によりこれらを解決する。また 、アバタ装着者と同じ目線の映像を共有する事により、遠隔地の操 作者は相手の空間にいるような感覚を実現し、装着者もアバタによ って遠隔地のユーザーの存在感を得る事が出来る。肩にいるアバタ が耳元でささやく効果も上記に加えることで、より密接な遠隔コミ ュニケーションを行える。

遠隔コミュニケーションの為のウェアラブルロボットアバタの提案

柏原忠和, 大澤博隆, 篠沢一彦, 今井倫太

第73回全国大会講演論文集 2011 ( 1 ) 237 - 238 2011.03

壁上メディアを利用したオブジェクトの所有権情報提示の手法の研究

植田俊輔, 谷口祐司, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

第73回全国大会講演論文集 (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 2011 ( 1 ) 179 - 180 2011.03

本研究では、壁上メディア「PROT」およびセンサネットワークを用いてオブジェクトの所有権情報をどのように提示していくかということを研究する。日常のオブジェクトには、利用場面に応じた適切な所有権が与えられ、本研究ではその所有権情報を実世界移動型エージェントを用いて人間に提示していくことで、誰がそのオブジェクトを利用していいのか、利用してはいけないのかを明確にすることを目的とする。オブジェクト、および人間に位置センサを取り付け、その位置関係情報からオブジェクトの所有状態、および所有権を定義してその都度エージェントから適切な情報を提示していく。

壁上メディアを利用したオブジェクトの所有権情報提示の手法の研究

植田俊輔, 谷口祐司, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

第73回全国大会講演論文集 2011 ( 1 ) 179 - 180 2011.03

ロボットアームによる可動型ディスプレイを用いた能動的な情報提示の検討

北出卓也, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

第73回全国大会講演論文集 (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 2011 ( 1 ) 145 - 146 2011.03

この論文では、情報端末からの能動的な情報提示法を検討する。 近年大小様々な情報端末が発達し、あらゆる場面で使用されるようになった。しかしその端末は可動式ではなく、ユーザがディスプレイに向きあって、もしくはユーザが端末を手のひらに用意して使用するのが普通であった。そのため、情報端末側から能動的に、ユーザに情報を提示することはなかった。 今回私は、多彩な情報を表示することができる携帯型情報端末を、ロボットアームで駆動させることでユーザに対する能動的情報提示を検討する。

ロボットアームによる可動型ディスプレイを用いた能動的な情報提示の検討

北出卓也, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

第73回全国大会講演論文集 2011 ( 1 ) 145 - 146 2011.03

センサを用いた感覚的な発話生成するロボットの研究

斉藤緑, 今井倫太, 大澤博隆

第73回全国大会講演論文集 (Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)) 2011 ( 1 ) 239 - 240 2011.03

本稿では人型ロボットを用い、環境情報をセンサデータとして得て、その変化に応じてロボットに感覚的発話をさせたときの、発話同士をスムーズに繋げる方法を提案する。感覚的発話とは、例えば電気がついたことをセンサが察知すると、ロボットは「明るくなったね」と言い、感覚を人間に与えるものである。問題点として、ロボットに異なる動作を連続して行わせた際、その発話同士の繋がりが不自然になると、人間が話題同士の関係性を掴めなかった場合、円滑なインタラクションに支障を来たす可能性がある。そのため、本稿ではロボットに発話同士を繋げる言葉や動作を盛り込むことにより、インタラクションへの引き込みを試みる。

センサを用いた感覚的な発話生成するロボットの研究

斉藤緑, 今井倫太, 大澤博隆

第73回全国大会講演論文集 2011 ( 1 ) 239 - 240 2011.03

DK-2-1 Development of Supportive Interface for Human Cognitive Ability using Anthropomorphization

Osawa Hirotaka

Proceedings of the IEICE General Conference (The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) 2011 ( 2 ) "SS - 1"-"SS-2" 2011.02

DK-2-1 Development of Supportive Interface for Human Cognitive Ability using Anthropomorphization

Osawa Hirotaka

Proceedings of the IEICE General Conference (The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) 2011 ( 1 ) "SS - 1"-"SS-2" 2011.02

本研究では、人間が生まれつき持っている環境の擬人化能力を促進し、複雑な機器・環境情報を人間に理解可能な形に翻訳する、認知補助擬人化インタフェースの開発を目指す。我々人間は先天的に、形状、動作、反応時間などの人間を想起させる表出をトリガーとして、外界の環境に対し人間と同じような対話者を投影し、対象を理解する擬人化を不可避的に行っている。擬人化現象は、人間が性別・年齢・文化に関わらず普遍的に持っている能力と捉えられる。本研究では、既存の環境にセンサやアクチュエータを取り付け、これらの擬人化現象を部分的・選択的に再現してやることで、意図の共有や遅延許容など、社会的な対話者が持つと想定されうる性質の一部または全部を環境に付与し、ユーザと環境間のインタラクションを改善する。従来手法に加え社会的なチャンネルを環境に与えることで、今まで伝えづらかった機器の複雑な機能や内部状態遷移などを、人間の認知能力に収まる範囲で伝えることが可能になると考えられる。

An Authoring Tool for Interaction Method Evoking Character Imagery on an Object

石井健太郎, 大澤博隆, 山田誠二

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 25 ( 0 ) 1 - 4 2011

Joint Work, ISSN 1347-9881

物体に目や口のような擬人化パーツを取り付け，キャラクターイメージを想起させることで，効果的な情報提示を行うことが期待できる．特に，量販店で人間の代わりに商品自体が自らの宣伝をすることで，分かりやすい説明を実現すること・注目を集めることが期待できる．本論文では，このような物体にキャラクターイメージを想起させる情報提示コンテンツを容易に作成するためのEmbEditを提案する．

Examination of Communication Model using Only Two-axis Actuators

大澤博隆, 桑山裕基, 今井倫太

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) 25 ( 0 ) 1 - 4 2011

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 1347-9881

本研究では言語の代わりに２軸のアクチュエータを使い、出力を人間同士が最低限意思疎通可能とみなせる範囲まで制限したチューリングテストを提案し、人間とエージェント間での意図伝達に必要な要素を検討する。まず、人間同士の対話を本デバイスを介して行い、意図伝達のための要素を検討した。次に、個々の要素をプログラム化し、物体を指示しユーザに運ばせるタスクを行い、要求された行動をユーザに行わせることが出来た。

HRI pioneers workshop 2011.

Thomas Kollar, Astrid Weiss, Jason Monast, Anja Austermann, David Lu, Mitesh Patel, Elena Gribovskaya, Chandan Datta, Richard Kelley, Hirotaka Osawa, Lanny Lin

Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Human Robot Interaction(HRI) (ACM) 9 - 10 2011

Joint Work

Access to Document (DOI)

Grounding Cyber Information in the Physical World with Attachable Social Cues.

Hirotaka Osawa, Kentaro Ishii, Seiji Yamada, Michita Imai

2011 IEEE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMBEDDED AND REAL-TIME COMPUTING SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS (RTCSA 2011), VOL 2 (IEEE COMPUTER SOC) 41 - 47 2011

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1533-2306

Unpredictable user behaviors in a physical process represent one of the fundamental obstacles to the realization of a Cyber-Physical System. In this paper, we propose the use of social cues such as body shape, expressions, and verbal timing to control user behaviors in the physical world. Social cues can control user behaviors in both their spatial and temporal aspects. As a result, user actions become more predictable in a CPS. We consider how social cues restrict user behaviors by referring to a number of psychological, cognitive, and human-robot interaction studies, and we propose a model of restriction based on social cues. Using this model, we created hardware and software in order to realize attachable social cues, and we seek to demonstrate the effect of social cues using the example of home appliances.

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Between real-world and virtual agents: the disembodied robot.

Thibault Voisin, Hirotaka Osawa, Seiji Yamada, Michita Imai

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTIONS (HRI 2011) (IEEE) 281 - 282 2011

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 2167-2121

In this study, we propose a disembodied real-world agent and the study of the influence of this disembodiment on the social separation between the user and the agent. In order to give a clue to the user about the presence of the robot and to make possible a visual feedback, we decide to use independent robotic body parts that mimic human hands and eyes. This robot is also able to share real-world space with the user, and react to his presence, through 3d detection and oral communication. Thus, we can obtain an agent with an important presence while keeping good space efficiency, and as a result ban any existing social barrier.

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Behaviors for Getting Conscious Responses

Toshihiro Osumi, Masato Noda, Hirotaka Osawa, Yuki Kuwayama, Kazuhiko Shinozawa, Michita Imai

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ARTIFICIAL LIFE AND ROBOTICS (AROB 16TH '11) (ALIFE ROBOTICS CORP LTD) 581 - 584 2011

Joint Work, Accepted

This paper investigates robot's behaviors to get voluntary conscious responses from users. Our final goal is to construct an asynchronous human-to-human communication mediated by a potable robot. The robot has a behavior system which makes the robot behave in response to the acquired conscious response. The system also enables the user to give the robot feedback at anytime and anywhere while the robot presents a script which an author prepared. We investigate how well the behavior system encourages the users to give the robot feedback and how much the users consider inputting the response to be meaningful. The results show that there are definite relation between response behavior and the acquisition of the conscious responses.

3D low-profile evaluation system (LES) an unobtrusive measurement tool for HRI.

Mahisorn Wongphati, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

Proceedings - IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (IEEE) 162 - 167 2011

Joint Work, Accepted

An unobtrusive measurement tool is important for Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) research that does not want to attach markers or devices on the experiment subjects. This property allows a natural observation of interaction between human and robot during the experiment. In HRI, an experiment that involves with psychological evaluation usually requires physical measurement for evaluating the interaction, for instance, distance, direction, and approaching speed between human and robot. Low-profile Evaluation System (LES) is an ongoing work in creating an unobtrusive measurement tool for HRI research that provides 3D video recording, playback and measurement inside 3D scene in real-time. LES is designed to operate on a single computer to make setup and experiment outside laboratory environment easier. The demonstration in the real-word setup shows that LES provides acceptable 3D measurement accuracy for HRI research. © 2011 IEEE.

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Who explains it?: avoiding the feeling of third-person helpers in auditory instruction for older people.

Hirotaka Osawa, Jarrod Orszulak, Kathryn M. Godfrey, Seiji Yamada, Joseph F. Coughlin

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTIONS (HRI 2011) (IEEE) 409 - 410 2011

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 2167-2121

Auditory instruction is a well used method for people of all ages because of its understandability. However the additional voice has the possibility to disturb the user's learning during the instruction because it strongly implies the support of third-person helpers. This risk increases with older people because their confidence in their ability may decline compared to the younger people. The authors propose a method to anthropomorphize an instructed target (a vacuum) to decrease the feeling of a third person during instruction. The authors conducted the experiment using our method to explain features of household appliance and evaluated the relationship between recalled features and older people's internal scale. The results show that older people remembered more features by using our method, and with female participants, their internal scales increased during the training. This demonstrates that our method can decrease the third-person feeling in female participants and increase the amount learned. Our findings suggest that auditory instructions may be an effective learning method for older adults.

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T-SHOW：実世界移動エージェントを用いたオブジェクトの所有権情報提示

植田俊輔, 谷口祐司, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI2011 ( 0 ) 3E23 - 3E23 2011

ISSN 13479881

日常環境において，利用場面に応じた様々な所有権が発生するオブジェクトが存在する．こういったオブジェクトの所有権は，オブジェクトを利用するユーザにとっては曖昧でわかりづらいものである．本研究では，実世界移動エージェントとの音声対話によるオブジェクトの所有権判断および情報提示を行うシステムT-SHOWを提案する．ユーザがエージェントと対話を行うことで，ユーザにとっての所有権の曖昧さを解決する．

擬人化表現を介した米国の高齢者に対する情報提示手法の開発

大澤博隆, Joseph F. Coughlin, 今井倫太

情報処理学会研究報告 (東京 : 情報処理学会) 2010年度 ( 2 ) 1 - 8 2010.08

ISSN 18840930

透過する身体を用いた実世界型エージェントの提案

大澤博隆, Thibault Voisin, 今井倫太

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 110 ( 185 ) 9 - 12 2010.08

ISSN 09135685

Exteneded imaginary body: How users percept the body of an agent?

Hirotaka Osawa, Yuji Matsuda, Ren Ohmura, Michita Imai

Proc. of the 14th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics (WMSCI 2010) 24 - 29 2010.07

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

擬人化表現を介した米国の高齢者に対する情報提示手法の開発

大澤博隆, Joseph F. Coughlin, 今井倫太

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 110 ( 130 ) 63 - 70 2010.07

ISSN 09135685

ACM Human Robot Interaction 2010

大澤博隆

ヒューマンインタフェース学会誌 = Journal of Human Interface Society : human interface 12 ( 2 ) 150 2010.05

ISSN 13447254

ロボットスクリプト用モーション作成システムの研究

山口司, 大隅俊宏, 藤本健太, 桑山裕基, 野田誠人, 大澤博隆, 大村廉, 今井倫太

全国大会講演論文集第72回 ( インタフェース ) 143 - 144 2010.03

物体の擬人化を利用した情報提示手法の提案と評価(ロボットと実世界,<特集>人工知能分野における博士論文)

大澤博隆

人工知能 (一般社団法人人工知能学会) 25 ( 1 ) 157 - 157 2010.01

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 2188-2266

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A Model for Addition of User Information to Sensor Data Obtained from Living Environment

KAWASAKI Hitoshi,,OHMURA Ren,OSAWA Hirotaka,IMAI Michita

Cybernetics and Systems, An International Journal (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC) 41 ( 3 ) 194-215 - 215 2010

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, ISSN 0196-9722

In this article, we propose a model for the addition of user information to sensor data. The problem is that it is difficult to identify a user of objects that are used by multiple people and to define a unique way to identify the user. The proposed model identifies the user assuming that the objects are used by multiple people. Further, it introduces three policies. By our experiment, we have proved the following: (1) Addition of user information to sensor data by the model is valid. (2) By presenting a difference in policies, it is possible to draw someone's attention.

A Portable Robots to Share Real World Experiences

Michita Imai, Masato Noda, Kenta Fujimoto, Tosihiro Ohsumi, Yuki Kuwayama, Hirotaka Osawa

WMSCI 2010: 14TH WORLD MULTI-CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMICS, CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATICS, VOL I (INT INST INFORMATICS & SYSTEMICS) 1 - 5 2010

Joint Work, Accepted

Maintaining learning motivation of older people by combining household appliance with a communication robot.

Hirotaka Osawa, Jarrod Orszulak, Kathryn M. Godfrey, Joseph F. Coughlin

IEEE/RSJ 2010 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2010) (IEEE) 5310 - 5316 2010

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 2153-0858

Today's household appliances are quickly increasing their features and functions. These new technologies require innovative training methods to maintain learning motivation especially with older users, because they may need more time to learn. Conventional manuals are insufficient to maintain motivation in this population. Previously studied assistive communication robots also have difficulty explaining a second device because their strong presence distracts the user from the device during explanation. We propose an anthropomorphized learning method that sustains older people's motivations to learn new technologies. Our method creates an anthropomorphized household appliance using robot eyes and arms. This method assists the learning process using human expressions. These human-like expressions attract users during training and maintain learning motivation. Our system uses three forms of anthropomorphization: pointing, directive motion, and emotion. We designed and implemented both hardware and software and evaluated the method by training older people to learn a vacuum's features. Our method increased older people's emotional status by an average of 2.53 points compared with the manual learning that decreased emotional status by -.53. This increased emotional status suggests that our system could maintain older users' motivation more effectively compared with traditional manual methods.

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Improving voice interaction for older people using an attachable gesture robot.

Hirotaka Osawa, Jarrod Orszulak, Kathryn M. Godfrey, Michita Imai, Joseph F. Coughlin

2010 IEEE RO-MAN (IEEE) 179 - 184 2010

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Dialogue interface with voice is one of the common methods of interaction between a user and a machine. This interface is believed to be easy for all people because auditory information doesn't require additional knowledge from users. However, having only auditory instructions sometimes causes misinterpretation of spatial information like locations and directions. This risk becomes large, especially with older people, because users' mental abilities to manipulate images or patterns decrease with age. We support older people's learning of spatial information by using an attachable gesture robot. Our robot consists of human-like eyes and arms and is attached to the object. It supports older people's mental manipulation of space with gestures during voice interaction. We designed and implemented both hardware and software on a vacuum robot and evaluated the method by training older people to learn its features. We compared two instructional methods that explained eight features on the vacuum, one method with voice and gestures and one with only voice. The results show that the subjects were more likely to remember two features if given training with gestures. We also found that their learning motivation was increased when given voice and gesturing instructional methods.

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HRI pioneers workshop 2010.

Kate Tsui, Min Kyung Lee, Kristen Stubbs, Henriette S. M. Cramer, Laurel D. Riek, Ja-Young Sung, Hirotaka Osawa, Satoru Satake

Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human Robot Interaction(HRI) (ACM) 9 - 9 2010

Joint Work

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Toward the body image horizon: how do users recognize the body of a robot?

Hirotaka Osawa, Yuji Matsuda, Ren Ohmura, Michita Imai

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTION (HRI 2010) (IEEE) 179 - 180 2010

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 2167-2121

In this study, we investigated the boundary for recognizing robots. Many anthropomorphic robots are used for interactions with users. These robots show various body forms and appearances, which are recognized by their users. This ability to recognize a variety of robotic appearances suggests that a user can recognize a wide range of imaginary body forms compared with the native human appearance. We attempted to determine the boundary for the recognition of robot appearances. On the basis of our previous studies, we hypothesized that the discrimination of robot appearances depends of the order of the parts. If the body parts of a robot are placed in order from top to bottom, the user can recognize the assembly as a robot body. We performed a human-robot experiment in which we compared the results for robots with ordered parts with those for robots with inverted parts. The result showed that the users' perception of the robot's body differed between the two groups. This result confirms our hypothesized boundary for the recognition of robot appearances.

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SIAC：SLAMアルゴリズムを応用した実世界対話システムの提案

松元崇裕, 大澤博隆, 大村廉, 今井倫太

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI2010 ( 0 ) 2C42 - 2C42 2010

ISSN 13479881

言語処理の問題に単語の参照関係と文脈の相互依存問題がある。単語は意味解釈の際に実世界の情報と単語の関係（参照関係と呼ぶ）を決定する必要があり、双方の関係は対話時の文脈から決定できる。しかし、文脈自体が意味解釈が与えられた単語により構成されるため参照関係と文脈は同時に解決する必要がある。本研究では文脈と参照関係を同時に解決する手法SIACを提案し、実際に対話ロボットを構築することで動作検証を行う。

Evalutation of Combitaion of Anthropomorphic Robot's Appearances using System Response Time

MATSUDA Yuji, OSAWA Hirotaka, OHMURA Ren, IMAI Michita

The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) 92-A ( 11 ) 806-817 - 817 2009.11

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, ISSN 0913-5707

本研究では,発話音声,表情パーツである目や口などの表出要素の組合せによりユーザと擬人化ロボット間のインタラクションを改善させることを目的としている.ロボットの外見を検討した関連研究は存在するが,共通の土台に各表出要素を組み合わせ,ユーザとのインタラクションにおける各表出要素の影響を評価した研究は存在しない.本研究ではインタラクションを改善する表出要素を検討するため,各表出要素を組み合わせた台車ロボットとユーザがインタラクションを行う対人実験を2種類実施した.各表出要素は台車ロボットがユーザに返答する時間SRTに対するユーザの許容度を測ることで評価した.一つ目の対人実験では,音声とディスプレイ,目パーツの組合せにより各4条件をそれぞれ比較し,発話と外見どちらの表出要素にユーザは影響を受けるか検討した.二つ目の対人実験では,目と口パーツの組合せにより2×2条件を比較し,目と口のどちらの表出要素がインタラクションを改善するか検討した.結果として,擬人的な外見を与えるかどうかではなく,発話の有無によりSRTに対するユーザの評価は影響を受けること,また目が口よりもSRTに対するユーザの許容度を大きくすることが分かった.

Mundus Traducere : Interpretation of natural language using a semantic sensor network

Antoine Chaus, Hirotaka Osawa, Ren Oomura, Michita Imai

2009 IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (IEEE) 104 - 108 2009.11

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Development of Attachable Pointing Detection Sensor for Information-Providing by Anthropomorphized Object

OSAWA Hirotaka, NODA Masato, OHMURA Ren, IMAI Michita

Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics (Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and intelligent informatics) 21 ( 1 ) 12-23 - 23 2009

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 1347-7986

This study proposes direct anthropomorphization method. This method anthropomorphizes an object and user can interact to it with touching. We developed pointing detection sensor that is attached to the object, detects human touch for it, and act as if the object had touch sensor on its surface. Our sensor is attached with the edge of the object and detects 2 dimensional region. It is easily touchable, don't hide elements of the object, and detects only human touch. To detect of the human touch, we uses Viterbi-algorithm. This device detects human touch towards 40cm width region with 80% accuracy. We also examined anthropomorphic information providing test for users using this sensor and other anthropomorphization parts. The result said that direct anthropomorphization method was achieved by our sensor.

Using Attachable Humanoid Parts for Realizing Imaginary Intention and Body Image

OSAWA Hirotaka, OHMURA Ren, IMAI Michita

International Journal of Social Robotics (Springer) 1 ( 1 ) 109-123 - 123 2009

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 1875-4791

We propose a new approach to human-robot interaction (HRI) in which a common target object is anthropomorphized using attachable humanoid parts. With this approach, the user perceives that the target has an intention and senses what the imaginary body of the target looks like through the attached body parts. We experimented how users accepted the intentions and imaginary body image of a common target object using the humanoid parts. We also compared the resulting HRI with that in the case of the general communication robot Robovie to demonstrate the possibilities our proposed method offers. The results indicated that an anthropomorphized target object can interact with users through this approach. Furthermore, in comparison to interaction with an independent communication robot, with this approach, users remembered the functions of the anthropomorphized target to a greater extent and were more intimate with it.

An Individual Data Extraction Model for Objects Used by a Number of People

Hitoshi Kawasaki, Ren Ohmura, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

ISWPC: 2009 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WIRELESS PERVASIVE COMPUTING (IEEE) 98 - + 2009

Joint Work, Accepted

This study investigates people's use of objects and the things they do in their daily lives. This is because interaction with objects can give us valuable insights with regard to behavior. The problem is that in an environment where multiple users interact with the same object, it is difficult to obtain data relating to each individual. To this end, we propose a model that extracts individual data from a data set. We can recognize individual users in environments where multiple users interact with an object. The model consists of 3 policies. As a result of our experiment, we proved that the system could extract individual data that fits an individual examinee's consciousness an average of 85.3% of the time. In addition, by letting each examinee look back on the system results, we could make the examinee conscious of behavior of which they had previously been unaware.

BlogRobot: Mobile Terminal for Blog Browse Using Physical Representation.

Toshihiro Osumi, Kenta Fujimoto, Yuki Kuwayama, Masato Noda, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai, Kazuhiko Shinozawa

PROGRESS IN ROBOTICS, PROCEEDINGS (SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN) 44 96 - 101 2009

Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1865-0929

Mobile phones and PDAs with GPS became widespread, and GPS-based service of mobile terminal is rising, so needs for presentation interface for GPS-based contents are increasing. We employ a robot as a presentation interface. In this paper, we use a blog as our content and propose a portable robot named "BlogRobot" that presents blog content by using verbal and non-verbal expression. Using BlogRobot, people who don't have the knowledge of a specialist can create behavior contents as they note in a diary, and the contents can give reader a feeling like a man who write a blog's entry explain the entry near the entry location.

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Blog robot: a new style for accessing location-based contents.

Masato Noda, Toshihiro Osumi, Kenta Fujimoto, Yuki Kuwayama, Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai, Kazuhiko Shinozawa

Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human Robot Interaction(HRI) (ACM) 203 - 204 2009

Joint Work, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Anthropomorphization of a space with implemented human-like features.

Hirotaka Osawa, Kentaro Ishii, Toshihiro Osumi, Ren Ohmura, Michita Imai

International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (ACM) 2 - 1 2009

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Anthropomorphization method using attachable humanoid parts.

Hirotaka Osawa, Ren Ohmura, Michita Imai

Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human Robot Interaction(HRI) (ACM) 207 - 208 2009

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Self introducing poster using attachable humanoid parts.

Hirotaka Osawa, Ren Ohmura, Michita Imai

International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (ACM) 327 - 328 2009

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

BoDiD: コミュニケーションロボットのための対話者判定システムの提案

Wickner Daniel

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI2009 ( 0 ) 1H21 - 1H21 2009

ISSN 13479881

本研究では，コミュニケーションロボットのための，人の体の向きを検知して対話者を判定するシステムBoDiDを提案する． BoDiDは顔検出による肩位置の検出モジュールとレーザレンジファインダの計測による人の体の向きの推定モジュールを持ち，推定された体の向きをベースにコミュニケーションロボットのユーザが対話相手となっているかどうか判定することを可能にする．

Variable Body Image - Evaluation Framework of Robot's Appearance using Movable Human-like Parts.

Hirotaka Osawa, Yuji Matsuda, Ren Ohmura, Michita Imai

AAAI 2009 Spring Symposium (AAAI) 33 - 40 2009

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

顔パーツの有無による人の擬人化認識度合いの調査と検討--SRTを用いた擬人化測定法の提案

松田祐児, 大澤博隆, 大村廉

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (東京 : 電子情報通信学会) 108 ( 317 ) 41 - 46 2008.11

ISSN 09135685

擬人化を利用した家電インタフェースの開発

大澤博隆, 野田誠人, 今井倫太

情報処理学会研究報告 = IPSJ SIG technical reports (東京 : 情報処理学会) 2008 ( 50 ) 65 - 70 2008.05

ISSN 09196072

コミュニケーションロボット用インタフェースのための脳活動計測に関する検討

鳩康彦, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太, 開一夫

全国大会講演論文集第70回 ( インタフェース ) 297 - 298 2008.03

焦電センサによる指示区画検知デバイス

野田誠人, 大澤博隆, 今井倫太

全国大会講演論文集第70回 ( インタフェース ) 119 - 120 2008.03

擬人化した家電機器からの機能説明手法の評価

大澤博隆, 今井倫太

情報処理学会研究報告 = IPSJ SIG technical reports (東京 : 情報処理学会) 2008 ( 5 ) 17 - 22 2008.01

ISSN 09196072

Evaluation of Function Explaining from Artifacts using a Direct Anthropomorphization Method

OSAWA Hirotaka, OHMURA Ren, IMAI Michita

Journal of Human Interface Society (Human Interface Society) 10 ( 3 ) 11-20 - 314 2008

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted, ISSN 1344-7262

We propose a direct anthropomorphization method that agentize an artifact by attaching anthropomorphic parts to it. There are many studies to provide information to users using spoken directions and gestures via anthropomorphic agents such as CG agents and communication robots. Our method directly anthropomorphize the artifact through robotic bodily parts shaped like those of humans. The anthropomorphized artifact using these parts provides information to people by giving them spoken directions and expressing themselves through body language. Using these devices, people are able to accept more attentions to the artifact, than using anthropomorphic CG or robot agents. We conduct an experiment to verify a difference between explanation of fuctions of the artifact using direct anthropomorphization method and explanation of them using independent humanoid-agent "Robovie". The results of participants' questionnaires and gazes during the experiment indicate that they noticed to the target artifact and memorized functions using direct anthropomorphization method more than using independent humanoid-agent.

Embodiment of an Agent by Anthropomorphization of a Common Object.

Hirotaka Osawa, Ren Ohmura, Michita Imai

2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (IEEE) 484 - 490 2008

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

Towards anthropomorphized spaces: Human responses to anthropomorphization of a space using attached body parts.

Hirotaka Osawa, Michita Imai

2008 17TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ROBOT AND HUMAN INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION, VOLS 1 AND 2 (IEEE) 148 - 153 2008

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

This study investigated the effects of a method of anthropomorphizing a target space using attachable robotic human parts. As a result of this method, users may perceive a space as having lifelike characteristics and may accept a virtual body image for various objects. We developed robotic human parts to evaluate our method and conducted an experiment in which subjects positioned objects according to instructions given within an anthropomorphic space to determine their acceptance of the virtual body images presented and the anthropomorphic representation of the space. The results showed that subjects' positioning of objects changed according to the position of the human parts. We found that our method successfully generated a virtual body image for a particular region that would not normally be recognized in this way by users.

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2P2-I12 Device Detecting Hands to Present the Information Based on the Area Humans Indicated

NODA Masato, OSAWA Hirotaka, IMAI Michita

The Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) (The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) 2008 ( 0 ) _2P2-I12_1 - _2P2-I12_4 2008

qWe propose the device detecting the two-dimentional area human indicated by using the pyroelectric sensor. This device allows the information presentation for the area human indicated by the anthropomorphic object. For example, under explanation the function of electric appliances for customers in the shop, if customers indicate the worrisome area and the anthropomorphic electric appliance explains that area, information presentation can be more pertinent and visceral. Detection of the area is conducted by the output of pvroelecric sensors allocated in alignment.

ヒューマンオブジェクトインタラクションのための物体擬人化手法の評価

Osawa Hirotaka, Imai Michita

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI08 ( 0 ) 73 - 73 2008

ISSN 13479881

本研究では，擬人化パーツを用いて物体を直接エージェント化する人間－物体間のインタラクション手法を提案し、ロボットなど擬人化エージェントを用いる従来の情報提示手法との違いを実験によって比較した．
実験後の回答結果より，ユーザは擬人的エージェントを介した情報提示よりも直接擬人化された物体からの情報提示をより多く記憶していることが分かった．

人間同士による繰り返し型囚人のジレンマゲームの実施と結果

大澤博隆, 今井倫太

ゲームプログラミングワークショップ2007論文集 2007 ( 12 ) 188 - 194 2007.11

本研究では，シミュレーション上で実施されることの多い繰り返し囚人のジレンマゲームを人間のプレイヤ同士で行わせ，各エージェントの戦略を，実際の人間プレイヤ同士にプログラムさせることで，ゲーム上でのエージェントの戦略の変化を調べる．これにより，実際の人間同士の集団ゲームにおいて，人間がどのように戦略を変化させていくか分析した．本研究では Axelrod の初回の大会の条件を元に，囚人のジレンマゲームの条件を設定し，大学の授業の課題として，授業参加者 72 人の人間を対象とし，25 日間の実験を行った．その結果，Axerlod の初回の大会や，シミュレーションの結果と異なり，上位のものほど記述が複雑化する傾向が発見された．また複数のプレイヤ同士が協力する「主人−奴隷戦略」，上記の戦術に対する寄生戦略，自身の勝利を目指さず，他プレイヤを追い落とす戦略など，一見すると合理的でない，様々な戦略が確認された．

物体を擬人化するディスプレイロボットの開発

大澤博隆, 向井淳, 今井倫太

第48回プログラミング・シンポジウム予稿集 2007 9 - 16 2007.01

本研究では，身体部品を取り付けて物体を直接擬人化し，情報提示を行うディスプレイロボットを提案する．ディスプレイロボットは目や手などの身体部品を持ち，取り付けられた位置や，取り付け状況にあわせた擬人化を行う．これにより，ユーザに対し取り付け対象の身体イメージを想起させつつ，周囲の環境情報や，物体があらかじめ備えた機能を身体イメージを通して変換し，ユーザにとってより理解し易い形で伝えることが出来る．本論文では，現在までに行ったディスプレイロボットの実装および，実装したロボットを実際の展示場で展示した際の，ユーザの評価結果について述べ，物体擬人化手法の効用について検討する．

Anthropomorphization Framework for Human-Object Communication

Hirotaka Osawa, Jun Mukai, Michita Imai

Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics (Fuji Technology Press) 11 ( 8 ) 1007-1014 - 1014 2007

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, ISSN 1343-0130

<jats:p>We propose an anthropomorphization framework that determines an object’s body image. This framework directly intervenes and anthropomorphizes objects in ubiquitous-computing environments through robotic body parts shaped like those of human beings, which provide information through spoken directions and body language. Our purpose is to demonstrate that an object acquires subjective representations through anthropomorphization. Using this framework, people can more fully understand instructions given by an object. We designed an anthropomorphization framework that changes the body image by attaching body parts. We also conducted experiments to evaluate this framework. Results indicate that the site at which an anthropomorphization device is attached influences human perception of the object’s virtual body image, and participants in experiments understood several instructions given by the object more clearly. Results also indicate that participants better intuited their devices’ instructions and movement in ubiquitous-computing environments.</jats:p>

家具・家電・日用品をエージェント化する

今井, 倫太, 大澤, 博隆

人とロボットの＜間＞をデザインする (東京電機大学出版局) 147 - 171 2007

Joint Work, Last author

"Display Robot" - Interaction between Humans and Anthropomorphized Objects.

Hirotaka Osawa, Jun Mukai, Michita Imai

2007 RO-MAN: 16TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ROBOT AND HUMAN INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION, VOLS 1-3 (IEEE) 451 - 456 2007

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

We propose a '' display robot '' that directly anthropomorphizes objects using body parts that are like those of humans. It is constructed of devices that look like eyes and arms. It anthropomorphizes objects according to the places they are located at or the situations they are in, and this increases their subjectivity and their virtual body image. The display robot enables users to accept the body images of objects and communicate smoothly with them. We assessed user evaluations of the display robot in an exhibition space and in this paper we discuss the effect of anthropomorphization achieved by these devices.

Access to Document (DOI)

2A2-E04 Anthropomorphization framework for Human-Object Communication

OSAWA Hirotaka, MUKAI Jun, IMAI Michita

The Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) (The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) 2007 ( 0 ) _2A2-E04_1 - _2A2-E04_4 2007

In this study, we propose anthropomorphization framework, which directly anthropomorphize an object by using human-like body parts. Nowadays, home appliances have many functions and tend to be connected together by a home network. This situation makes users feel uneasy as they need to understand more complex informations. Instead of improving the design or the interface of objects, we prefer to provide information via anthropomorphic and communicative agents, which seems to be more useful and user-friendly. Our framework transforms an object into an agent called displaying robot by using anthropomorphization, which makes the interaction between human and the object more intuitive. To verify our framework, we conducted an experiment to verify the effectiveness of anthropomorphization by attaching such eye-like and arm-like devices to a home appliance and implemented information providing system using our framework.

身体影を付与する擬人化パーツ

大澤博隆, 向井淳, 今井倫太

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI07 ( 0 ) 2D54 - 2D54 2007

ISSN 13479881

身体イメージを想起させる擬人化ディスプレイロボット

大澤博隆, 向井淳, 今井倫太

知識ベースシステム研究会 / 人工知能学会 [編] (東京 : 人工知能学会) 75 1 - 6 2006.12

ISSN 09135685

Acquisition of Body Image by Anthropomorphization Framework

Hirotaka,Osawa, Jun,Mukai, Michita,Imai

Joint 3rd International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 7th International Symposium on advanced intelligent Systems (Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics) 2006 1460 - 1465 2006.09

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

In this study, we propose anthropomorphization framework that determines object's body image by attaching it to human-like body parts. Our purpose is that an object acquires subjective representation by anthropomorphization and it communicates with humans. Although, there are many studies on anthropomorphic agents to communicate with humans via an object, it's unnatural because these agents are unrelated to the object directly. In our method, the object is directly anthropomorphized so it can conduct task-related communication using its intrinsic body image. We designed anthropomorphization framework that changes body image by attaching places of body parts. We also conducted an experiment to evaluate this framework. The result indicates that an attached place of anthropomorphize device influences human's perception for body image.

Access to Document (DOI)

Acquisition of Subjective Representation Using Body Parts by an Object

Hirotaka,Osawa, Jun,Mukai, Michita,Imai

International Conference of the Cognitive Science 173 - 174 2006.07

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Anthropomorphization of an Object by Displaying Robot.

Hirotaka Osawa, Jun Mukai, Michita Imai

International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (IEEE) 763 - 768 2006

Joint Work, Lead author, Corresponding author, Accepted

Access to Document (DOI)

ディスプレイロボットを利用した物体の擬人化

Ohsawa Hirotaka, Mukai Jun, Imai Michita

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence) JSAI06 ( 0 ) 271 - 271 2006

ISSN 13479881

本研究では、物体を擬人化するロボットデバイスとして、身体イメージを使用したディスプレイロボットを提案する。ディスプレイロボットでは、従来のコミュニケーションロボットで使用される目や腕といった部品を、それぞれ別個に使用して、電機機器や家具等の物体に取り付けることで、物体を擬人化する。この手法により、従来のロボットには難しかった、物体の視点からの情報提示を行う。本研究では、目と腕を分割したディスプレイロボットを作成して物体に取り付け、センサネットワークと協調しながら、物体に関連する他物体の情報提示を行うシステムを作り、物体擬人化の有用性について検討した。

Designing human-robot interaction via physical world objects

M Imai, H Ohsawa, M Narumi

2005 IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (IEEE) 155 - 159 2005

Joint Work, Accepted

This paper proposes a new communication model based on physical world objects. In usual human-robot interaction, a human looks on the robot's behaviors without responding to them and seldom immerses him/herself in the interaction. The communication model achieves human's immersion in interaction with two types of behaviors. The first draw's human's attention to a physical world object or a physical world state. The second stimulates a human's feeling under the attention. The novel idea of the model is to employ the actual physical objects to mediate the human-robot interaction. In particular, since the second behavior relates directly to a sort of human's sensory perception, it is easy for a human to become aware of the referent of the robot's behavior. As a result of the two behaviors, he/she begins to infer robot's intentions and immerses him/herself in the interaction.

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