Miyazaki, Sho

写真a

Affiliation

Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry （Yagami）

Position

Senior Assistant Professor (Non-tenured)/Assistant Professor (Non-tenured)
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Books 【 Display / hide 】

  • Phototropism

    Sho Miyazaki, Masatoshi Nakajima, Hiroshi Kawaide, Methods in Molecular Biology, 2019

    Scope: Assays of Protonemal Growth Responses in Physcomitrella patens under Blue- and Red-light Stimuli,  Contact page： 35-43

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Papers 【 Display / hide 】

  • Orange Leafhopper <i>Cicadulina bipunctata</i> Feeding Induces Gall Formation Nitrogen Dependently and Regulates Gibberellin Signaling.

    Miyazaki S, Kasahara K, Matsui S, Tokuda M, Saikawa Y

    Plants (Basel, Switzerland) （MDPI AG)  9 （ 10 ） 1270 - 1270 2020.09

    Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

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    Orange leafhopper Cicadulina bipunctata feeding induces wallaby ear symptoms, namely growth suppression and gall formation characterized by severe swelling of leaf veins, on various Poaceae, thereby leading to low crop yields. Here, we investigated the development of wallaby ear symptoms on rice seedlings due to C. bipunctata feeding. After confirming that C. bipunctata feeding induces growth suppression and gall formation on rice seedlings, we further demonstrated that gall formation score decreased with decreasing levels of nitrogen in the medium and that C. bipunctata feeding induces the expression levels of nitrogen transporter genes. These gene expression changes may participate in the nutrient accumulation observed in galled tissues and in gall formation. In addition, these expression changes should induce growth promotion but the inhibition of gibberellin signaling by C. bipunctata feeding might be the reason why growth is suppressed. Treatment with plant growth regulators did not affect gall formation, suggesting the existence of a complex gall formation mechanism by C. bipunctata feeding.

  • Genomic evidence for convergent evolution of gene clusters for momilactone biosynthesis in land plants

    L Mao, H Kawaide, T Higuchi, M Chen, K Miyamoto, Y Hirata, H Kimura, ...

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 (22), 12472-12480 （Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)  117 （ 22 ） 12472 - 12480 2020.06

    Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted,  ISSN  0027-8424

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    Momilactones are bioactive diterpenoids that contribute to plant defense against pathogens and allelopathic interactions between plants. Both cultivated and wild grass species of<italic>Oryza</italic>and<italic>Echinochloa crus-galli</italic>(barnyard grass) produce momilactones using a biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) in their genomes. The bryophyte<italic>Calohypnum plumiforme</italic>(formerly<italic>Hypnum plumaeforme</italic>) also produces momilactones, and the bifunctional diterpene cyclase gene<italic>CpDTC1/HpDTC1,</italic>which is responsible for the production of the diterpene framework, has been characterized. To understand the molecular architecture of the momilactone biosynthetic genes in the moss genome and their evolutionary relationships with other momilactone-producing plants, we sequenced and annotated the<italic>C. plumiforme</italic>genome. The data revealed a 150-kb genomic region that contains two cytochrome P450 genes, the<italic>CpDTC1</italic>/<italic>HpDTC1</italic>gene and the “dehydrogenase momilactone A synthase” gene tandemly arranged and inductively transcribed following stress exposure. The predicted enzymatic functions in yeast and recombinant assay and the successful pathway reconstitution in<italic>Nicotiana benthamiana</italic>suggest that it is a functional BGC responsible for momilactone production. Furthermore, in a survey of genomic sequences of a broad range of plant species, we found that momilactone BGC is limited to the two grasses (<italic>Oryza</italic>and<italic>Echinochloa</italic>) and<italic>C. plumiforme</italic>, with no synteny among these genomes. These results indicate that while the gene cluster in<italic>C. plumiforme</italic>is functionally similar to that in rice and barnyard grass, it is likely a product of convergent evolution. To the best of our knowledge, this report of a BGC for a specialized plant defense metabolite in bryophytes is unique.

  • Identification of a cyanidin-3-O-β-galactoside in gall tissue induced by midges on Japanese beech (Fagus crenata Blume)

    Sho Miyazaki, Hironosuke Kurisu, Masaya Nakata, Yoko Saikawa

    Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry （Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry)  84 （ 4 ） 797 - 799 2020.04

    Research paper (scientific journal), Single Work, Accepted,  ISSN  0916-8451

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    © 2019, © 2019 Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry. Insect gall structures have many characteristic forms and colors, which are distinguishable from host plants. In this study, we identified an anthocyanin from red color insect galls and revealed that the anthocyanin biosynthesis of plants was induced by the gall extracts. The galling insects presumably regulate the anthocyanin biosynthesis of host plants to protect their larvae from environmental stresses.

  • Hormonal diterpenoids distinct to gibberellins regulate protonema differentiation in the moss physcomitrium patens

    M Nakajima, S Miyazaki, H Kawaide

    Plant and Cell Physiology （Oxford University Press (OUP))   2020

    Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted,  ISSN  0032-0781

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    <title>Abstract</title>
    Plants synthesize gibberellin (GA), a diterpenoid hormone, via ent-kaurenoic acid (KA) oxidation. GA has not been detected in the moss Physcomitrium patens despite its ability to synthesize KA. It was recently shown that a KA-metabolite, 3OH-KA, was identified as an active regulator of protonema differentiation in P. patens. An inactive KA-metabolite, 2OH-KA, was also identified in the moss, as was KA2ox, which is responsible for converting KA to 2OH-KA. In this review, we mainly discuss the GA biosynthetic gene homologs identified and characterized in bryophytes. We show the similarities and differences between the OH-KAs control of moss and GA control of flowering plants. We also discuss using recent genomic studies; mosses do not contain KAO, even though other bryophytes do. This absence of KAO in mosses corresponds to the presence of KA2ox, which is absent in other vascular plants. Thus given that 2OH-KA and 3OH-KA were isolated from ferns and flowering plants, respectively, vascular plants may have evolved from ancestral bryophytes that originally produced 3OH-KA and GA.

  • Assays of Protonemal Growth Responses in Physcomitrella patens Under Blue- and Red-Light Stimuli

    S Miyazaki, M Nakajima, H Kawaide

    Phototropism, 35-43 （Methods in Molecular Biology)  1924   35 - 43 2019

    ISSN  1064-3745

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    © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019. The non-seed land plant Physcomitrella patens is a model species for developmental, cellular, and molecular biology studies in mosses and also for performing genetic analyses. Previously, it was shown that wild-type P. patens displays a unique photomorphogenetic behavior, in which chloronemal filaments grow in the opposite direction to a blue-light source. Here, we describe bioassay systems that can be used to study light avoidance responses as well as other aspects of photomorphogenetic regulation in P. patens grown under red- and blue-light sources.

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Papers, etc., Registered in KOARA 【 Display / hide 】

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Research Projects of Competitive Funds, etc. 【 Display / hide 】

  • コケ植物のオス株が矮化する矮雄現象を司る生理活性物質の同定

    2019.04
    -
    2022.03

    MEXT,JSPS, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists , Principal investigator

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    コケ植物が生産する【矮雄誘導物質】の単離・構造決定と生合成経路の解明のため，生物検定法を用いた【矮雄誘導物質】の検出が最重要課題と位置付けている．続いて【矮雄誘導物質】の構造情報を質量分析装置やNMR等で取得するとともに，その物質が活性本体かどうかを証明したい．並行して次世代シークエンサを用いたトランスクリプトーム解析を実施し，生合成経路の解明に取り組みたいと考えている．

  • An ancestral gibberellin biosynthetic pathway in the moss Physcomitrella patens

    2016.04
    -
    2019.03

    The University of Tokyo, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), No Setting

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    植物ホルモン，ジベレリン(以下，GA)の起源物質とも換言できる成長制御物質とその生合成経路を，コケ植物より明らかとした．
    研究代表者はヒメツリガネゴケがent-カウレン酸(以下，KA)まで顕花植物と同じGA生合成経路を持っていることを明らかとしていた．KA生産能を失うPpcps/ks欠損株では細胞分化に異常が見られ，KAの投与で回復する．この表現型を生物検定法としKA代謝産物の追跡を行った．植物試料から化合物群を抽出，逆相HPLCを用いて抽出物を分取，その画分を再度Ppcps/ks欠損株に投与，分化活性を定量的に評価，と試験を行うことで分化活性をもつKA代謝画分を検出した．機器分析から活性型KA代謝物としてent-3β-hydroxy-カウレン酸を同定した．次に生合成酵素の探索を目的とし，各種条件下で培養した植物試料を用いて次世代シークエンサに供した．候補酵素の一つがKAを基質に変換物を与え，NMRよりent-2α-hydroxy-カウレン酸(2OH-KA)であると構造決定した．2OH-KA合成酵素遺伝子の変異体の作出，遺伝子発現解析からこの2OH-KAはKAから生産される不活性化体であることが示された．この3位と2位の酸化による活性制御機構は顕花植物のGA生合成経路で見られているものと類似しており，GAを生産しないコケ植物からが保存されていたことを示している．
    これらの成果は査読付き原著論文として受理され，公表の機会を得た（Miyazaki et al., 2018）．

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Courses Taught 【 Display / hide 】

  • SEMINAR IN APPLIED CHEMISTRY

    2024

  • LABORATORIES IN BASIC CHEMISTRY

    2024

  • LABORATORIES IN APPLIED CHEMISTRY B

    2024

  • BACHELOR'S THESIS

    2024

  • LABORATORIES IN BASIC CHEMISTRY

    2020

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