Details of a Researcher - KISHIMOTO Taishiro

Papers - KISHIMOTO Taishiro

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LINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 18F‐PI2620 IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND OTHER TAUOPATHIES.

Sano Y, Takahata K, Yamamoto Y, Tezuka T, Kurose S, Kurokawa S, Mizushima J, Mashima K, Okada K, Seki M, Yamagata B, Yoshizaki T, Kishimoto T, Nakahara T, Ito D, Tabuchi H, Jinzaki M, Mimura M.

Alzheimer's Association International Conference 2019 15 ( 7S ) 1093 - 1094 2019.06

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work

IN VIVO RETENTION PATTERNS OF 18F‐PI‐2620 IN DIVERSE TAUOPATHIES, AND ASSESSMENTS OF THOSE RESEMBLANCE TO PATHOGNOMONIC DISTRIBUTION OF TAU DEPOSITS.

Yamamoto Y, Takahata K, Tezuka T, Sano Y, Kurokawa S, Kurose S, Mizushima J, Mashima K, Okada K, Seki M, Yamagata B, Yoshizaki T, Kishimoto T, Nakahara T, Tabuchi H, Ito D, Jinzaki M, Mimura M.

Alzheimer's Association International Conference 2019 15 ( 7S ) 1085 2019.06

Research paper (international conference proceedings), Joint Work

Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Individual Predictions for Electroconvulsive Therapy Remission Utilizing Machine Learning

Takamiya Akihiro, Liang Kuo-ching, Nishikata Shiro, Kurokawa Shunya, Sawada Kyosuke, Hirano Jinichi, Yamagata Bun, Mimura Masaru, Kishimoto Taishiro

BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY 85 ( 10 ) S263 - S263 2019.05

ISSN 0006-3223

Electroconvulsive therapy modulates resting-state EEG oscillatory pattern and phase synchronization in nodes of the default mode network in patients with depressive disorder

Takamiya A., Hirano J., Yamagata B., Takei S., Kishimoto T., Mimura M.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (Frontiers in Human Neuroscience) 13 1 2019.02

ISSN 1662-5161

© 2019 Takamiya, Hirano, Yamagata, Takei, Kishimoto and Mimura. Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has antidepressant effects, but it also has possible cognitive side effects. The effects of ECT on neuronal oscillatory pattern and phase synchronization, and the relationship between clinical response or cognitive change and electroencephalogram (EEG) measurements remain elusive. Methods: Individuals with unipolar depressive disorder receiving bilateral ECT were recruited. Five minutes of resting, eyes-closed, 19-lead EEG recordings were obtained before and after a course of ECT. Non-overlapping 60 artifact-free epocs of 2-s duration were used for the analyses. We used exact low resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) to compute the whole-brain three-dimensional intracortical distribution of current source density (CSD) and phase synchronization among 28 regions-of-interest (ROIs). Paired t-tests were used to identify cortical voxels and connectivities showing changes after ECT. Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the severity of depression and the global cognitive function. Correlation analyses were conducted to identify the relationship between changes in the EEG measurements and changes in MADRS or MMSE. Results: Thirteen depressed patients (five females, mean age: 58.4 years old) were included. ECT increased theta CSD in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and decreased beta CSD in the frontal pole (FP), and gamma CSD in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL). ECT increased theta phase synchronization between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the anterior frontal cortex, and decreased beta phase synchronization between the PCC and temporal regions. A decline in beta synchronization in the left hemisphere was associated with cognitive changes after ECT. Conclusion: ECT modulated resting-state EEG oscillatory patterns and phase synchronization in central nodes of the default mode network (DMN). Changes in beta synchronization in the left hemisphere might explain the ECT-related cognitive side effects.

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Attitudes Toward　Electroconvulsive Therapy Among Involuntary and Voluntary Patients.

TAISHIRO KISHIMOTOTakamiya A, Sawada K, Mimura M, Kishimoto T.

J ECT (Journal of ECT) 35 ( 3 ) 165 - 169 2019.01

Research paper (scientific journal), Accepted, ISSN 10950680

© Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Objective We aimed to examine attitudes toward electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) among involuntary patients, voluntary patients, and their relatives. Methods Patients experiencing a major depressive episode and receiving ECT and their relatives were recruited for the survey. Patients and their relatives answered the self-rating questionnaires with a 7-point Likert scale. We explored differences in the survey results between involuntary and voluntary patients, as well as differences in the survey results between patients and their relatives. Results We recruited 97 participants (53 patients and 44 relatives) for the survey. Approximately 80% of the patients showed positive attitudes toward ECT. There were no statistically significant differences between involuntary (n = 23) and voluntary (n = 30) patients across multiple aspects of the ECT experience, including treatment satisfaction, positive or adverse effects of ECT, and treatment preference in the future. Relatives were more satisfied with the positive effects of ECT and with the information offered before ECT treatment than the patients themselves. Conclusions Approximately 80% of the patients showed overall satisfaction with ECT irrespective of consent status. Relatives were more satisfied with ECT than patients. Electroconvulsive therapy can be a lifesaving treatment for severely depressed patients, and the subjective experience of involuntary patients should be taken into consideration when discussing involuntary ECT treatment.

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Acute and Long-term Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Human Dentate Gyrus.

TAISHIRO KISHIMOTOTakamiya A, Plitmane E, Chung JK, Chakravarty M, Graff-Guerrero A, Mimura M, Kishimoto T.

Neuropsychopharmacol (Neuropsychopharmacology) 44 ( 10 ) 1805 - 1811 2019.01

Research paper (scientific journal), Accepted, ISSN 0893133X

© 2019, American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for severe depression, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Animal studies have consistently shown that electroconvulsive stimulation induces neuroplastic changes in the dentate gyrus. To date, few studies have investigated the effect of ECT on human hippocampal subfields. In the current study, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted in 25 patients with major depressive episodes at 3 time points: before ECT (TP1), after 1 week of the last ECT (TP2) and after 3 months of the last ECT (TP3). Twenty healthy controls were scanned twice with an interval similar to patients between TP1 and TP2. Volumetric analyses of the cornu ammonis (CA)4/dentate gyrus (DG) were performed using the MAGeT-Brain (Multiple Automatically Generated Templates) algorithm. Clinically remitted patients after ECT showed larger volume increases in the right CA4/DG than non-remitted patients. Volume increases in the right CA4/DG were negatively associated with age. Increased CA4/DG volumes after ECT returned to baseline levels after 3 months irrespective of clinical state. ECT-induced volume increase in the CA4/DG was associated with age and clinical remission. These findings are consistent with the neurotrophic processes seen in preclinical studies. Neuroplastic change in the CA4/DG might mediate some of the short-term antidepressant effects of ECT.

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Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry

Takamiya A., Tazawa Y., Kudo K., Kishimoto T.

Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo (Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo) 71 ( 1 ) 15 - 23 2019.01

ISSN 18816096

Diagnosis of psychiatric disorders is based primarily on subjective symptoms, and neuroimaging or other biological examinations are used for excluding organic disorders. Advances in artificial intelligence technologies, such as machine learning, may enable us to utilize neuroimaging for individual diagnosis of psychiatric disorder or treatment response prediction. In addition, such technologies may elucidate the underlying pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. In this article, we review studies that utilized machine learning on structural magnetic resonance imaging for depression.

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Actiraphy for Evaluation of Mood Disorders:A systemativc review and Meta-analysis.

Tazawa Y, Wada M, Mitsukura Y, Takamiya A, Kitazawa M, Yoshimura M, Mimura M, Kishimoto T.

(J Affect Disord. 2019 (in press)) 2019

Accepted

Remote Neuropsychological Assessment of Elderly Japanese Population Using the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale: A Validation Study.

Yoshida K, Yamaoka Y, Eguchi Y, Sato D, Iiboshi K, Kishimoto M, Mimura M, Kishimoto T.

J Telemed Telecare 2019 (in press) (Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare) 26 ( 7-8 ) 1357633X19845278 - 487 2019

Accepted, ISSN 1357633X

© The Author(s) 2019. Introduction: Studies have demonstrated the high agreement of several remote neuropsychological tests using video teleconferencing (VTC) with face-to-face (FTF) tests. However, the reliability of the remotely administered Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), one of the most commonly used neuropsychological tests to detect cognitive decline, has not been substantially elucidated, particularly in Japanese populations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the reliability of the remotely administered ADAS-cog compared with FTF-administered ADAS-cog among elderly Japanese participants. Methods: Participants aged ≥60 years with and without cognitive impairment, i.e. those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), those with dementia and healthy controls (HCs), were assessed with the ADAS-cog using VTC and FTF testing at an interval of >2 weeks and <3 months. The assessment order (VTC or FTF) was randomized by participants. Participants’ scores were compared among the entire sample, as well as subgroups, using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) in a mixed-effects model. Results: A total of 73 participants were included in the study (36 men; age, 76.3 ± 7.6 years). The ICC for the ADAS-cog total score was high in the entire sample (0.86), whereas ICCs were moderate to high for the subgroups (MCI: 0.63, dementia: 0.80 and HC: 0.74). Discussion: The results indicate that a VTC-administered ADAS-cog could be an alternative for an FTF-administered ADAS-cog, although further replication studies with larger sample sizes and a wider range of cognitive functionalities are warranted.

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Long-term effectiveness of oral second-generation antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of direct head-to-head comparisons.

Kishimoto T, Hagi K, Nitta M, Kane JM, Correll CU.

World Psychiatry 2019 (in press) (World Psychiatry) 18 ( 2 ) 208 - 224 2019

Accepted, ISSN 17238617

© 2019 World Psychiatric Association Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are recommended for maintenance treatment in schizophrenia. However, comparative long-term effectiveness among SGAs is unclear. Here we provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials lasting ≥⃒6 months comparing SGAs head-to-head in schizophrenia and related disorders. The primary outcome was all-cause discontinuation. Secondary outcomes included efficacy and tolerability, i.e., psychopathology, inefficacy-related and intolerability-related discontinuation, relapse, hospitalization, remission, functioning, quality of life, and adverse events. Pooled risk ratio and standardized mean difference were calculated using random-effects models. Across 59 studies (N=45,787), lasting 47.4±32.1 weeks (range 24-186), no consistent superiority of any SGA emerged across efficacy and tolerability outcomes. Regarding all-cause discontinuation, clozapine, olanzapine and risperidone were significantly (p<0.05) superior to several other SGAs, while quetiapine was inferior to several other SGAs. As to psychopathology, clozapine and olanzapine were superior to several other SGAs, while quetiapine and ziprasidone were inferior to several other SGAs. Data for other efficacy outcomes were sparse. Regarding intolerability-related discontinuation, risperidone was superior and clozapine was inferior to several other SGAs. Concerning weight gain, olanzapine was worse than all other compared non-clozapine SGAs, and risperidone was significantly worse than several other SGAs. As to prolactin increase, risperidone and amisulpride were significantly worse than several other SGAs. Regarding parkinsonism, olanzapine was superior to risperidone, without significant differences pertaining to akathisia. Concerning sedation and somnolence, clozapine and quetiapine were significantly worse than some other SGAs. In summary, different long-term SGA efficacy and tolerability patterns emerged. The long-term risk-benefit profiles of specific SGAs need to be tailored to individual patients to optimize maintenance treatment outcomes.

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Brain Changes Induced by Electroconvulsive Therapy Are Broadly Distributed

Ousdal O., Argyelan M., Narr K., Abbott C., Wade B., Vandenbulcke M., Urretavizcaya M., Tendolkar I., Takamiya A., Stek M., Soriano-Mas C., Redlich R., Paulson O., Oudega M., Opel N., Nordanskog P., Kishimoto T., Kampe R., Jorgensen A., Hanson L., Hamilton J., Espinoza R., Emsell L., van Eijndhoven P., Dols A., Dannlowski U., Cardoner N., Bouckaert F., Anand A., Bartsch H., Kessler U., Oedegaard K., Dale A., Oltedal L., Erchinger V., Haavik J., Evjenth Sørhaug O., Jørgensen M., Bolwig T., Magnusson P., Cano M., Pujol J., Menchón J., Petrides G., Sienaert P.

Biological Psychiatry (Biological Psychiatry) 87 ( 5 ) 451 - 461 2019

ISSN 00063223

© 2019 Society of Biological Psychiatry Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is associated with volumetric enlargements of corticolimbic brain regions. However, the pattern of whole-brain structural alterations following ECT remains unresolved. Here, we examined the longitudinal effects of ECT on global and local variations in gray matter, white matter, and ventricle volumes in patients with major depressive disorder as well as predictors of ECT-related clinical response. Methods: Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and clinical data from the Global ECT-MRI Research Collaboration (GEMRIC) were used to investigate changes in white matter, gray matter, and ventricle volumes before and after ECT in 328 patients experiencing a major depressive episode. In addition, 95 nondepressed control subjects were scanned twice. We performed a mega-analysis of single subject data from 14 independent GEMRIC sites. Results: Volumetric increases occurred in 79 of 84 gray matter regions of interest. In total, the cortical volume increased by mean ± SD of 1.04 ± 1.03% (Cohen's d = 1.01, p < .001) and the subcortical gray matter volume increased by 1.47 ± 1.05% (d = 1.40, p < .001) in patients. The subcortical gray matter increase was negatively associated with total ventricle volume (Spearman's rank correlation ρ = −.44, p < .001), while total white matter volume remained unchanged (d = −0.05, p = .41). The changes were modulated by number of ECTs and mode of electrode placements. However, the gray matter volumetric enlargements were not associated with clinical outcome. Conclusions: The findings suggest that ECT induces gray matter volumetric increases that are broadly distributed. However, gross volumetric increases of specific anatomically defined regions may not serve as feasible biomarkers of clinical response.

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Improvement of psychiatrists’ clinical knowledge of the treatment guidelines for schizophrenia and major depressive disorders using the ‘Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in Psychiatric Treatment (EGUIDE)’ project: A nationwide dissemination, education, and evaluation study

Takaesu Y., Watanabe K., Numata S., Iwata M., Kudo N., Oishi S., Takizawa T., Nemoto K., Yasuda Y., Tagata H., Tsuboi T., Tsujino N., Hashimoto N., Matsui Y., Hori H., Yamamori H., Sugiyama N., Suwa T., Kishimoto T., Hishimoto A., Usami M., Furihata R., Iwamoto K., Fujishiro H., Nakamura T., Mizuno K., Inagaki T., Katsumoto E., Tomita H., Ohi K., Muraoka H., Atake K., Iida H., Nagasawa T., Fujita J., Yamamura S., Onitsuka T., Murata A., Takayanagi Y., Noda H., Matsumura Y., Takezawa K., Iga J., Ichihashi K., Ogasawara K., Yamada H., Inada K., Hashimoto R.

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences (Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences) 73 ( 10 ) 642 - 648 2019

ISSN 13231316

© 2019 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology Aim: Although treatment guidelines for pharmacological therapy for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder have been issued by the Japanese Societies of Neuropsychopharmacology and Mood Disorders, these guidelines have not been well applied by psychiatrists throughout the nation. To address this issue, we developed the ‘Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in Psychiatric Treatment (EGUIDE)’ integrated education programs for psychiatrists to disseminate the clinical guidelines. Additionally, we conducted a systematic efficacy evaluation of the programs. Methods: Four hundred thirteen out of 461 psychiatrists attended two 1-day educational programs based on the treatment guidelines for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder from October 2016 to March 2018. We measured the participants’ clinical knowledge of the treatment guidelines using self-completed questionnaires administered before and after the program to assess the effectiveness of the programs for improving knowledge. We also examined the relation between the participants’ demographics and their clinical knowledge scores. Results: The clinical knowledge scores for both guidelines were significantly improved after the program. There was no correlation between clinical knowledge and participant demographics for the program on schizophrenia; however, a weak positive correlation was found between clinical knowledge and the years of professional experience for the program on major depressive disorder. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that educational programs on the clinical practices recommended in guidelines for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder might effectively improve participants’ clinical knowledge of the guidelines. These data are encouraging to facilitate the standardization of clinical practices for psychiatric disorders.

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Simple Stress Quantitative Evalution for Healthcare Using Daily KANSEI Detection with EEG Device - Relation between Stress and Healthcare

Mitsukura Y., Sumali B., Tazawa Y., Kishimoto T., and Mimura M

Modern Environmental Science and Engineering 5 ( 5 ) 345 - 350 2019

Research paper (scientific journal), Accepted

The Project for Objective Measures Using Computational Psychiatry Technology (PROMPT): Rationale, Design, and Methodology

Kishimoto T, Takamiya A,Liang KC, Funaki K, Fujita T, Kitazawa M, Yoshimura M, Tazawa Y, Horigome T, Eguchi Y, Kikuchi T, Tomita M, Bun S, Murakami J, Sumali B, Warnita T, Kishi A, Yotsui M, Toyoshiba H, Mitsukura Y, Shinoda K, Sakakibara Y, Mimura M.

medRxiv 19013011 (Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications) 19 100649 2019

Research paper (scientific journal), Accepted, ISSN 24518654

© 2020 The Authors Introduction: Depressive and neurocognitive disorders are debilitating conditions that account for the leading causes of years lived with disability worldwide. However, there are no biomarkers that are objective or easy-to-obtain in daily clinical practice, which leads to difficulties in assessing treatment response and developing new drugs. New technology allows quantification of features that clinicians perceive as reflective of disorder severity, such as facial expressions, phonic/speech information, body motion, daily activity, and sleep. Methods: Major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and major and minor neurocognitive disorders as well as healthy controls are recruited for the study. A psychiatrist/psychologist conducts conversational 10-min interviews with participants ≤10 times within up to five years of follow-up. Interviews are recorded using RGB and infrared cameras, and an array microphone. As an option, participants are asked to wear wrist-band type devices during the observational period. Various software is used to process the raw video, voice, infrared, and wearable device data. A machine learning approach is used to predict the presence of symptoms, severity, and the improvement/deterioration of symptoms. Discussion: The overall goal of this proposed study, the Project for Objective Measures Using Computational Psychiatry Technology (PROMPT), is to develop objective, noninvasive, and easy-to-use biomarkers for assessing the severity of depressive and neurocognitive disorders in the hopes of guiding decision-making in clinical settings as well as reducing the risk of clinical trial failure. Challenges may include the large variability of samples, which makes it difficult to extract the features that commonly reflect disorder severity. Trial Registration: UMIN000021396, University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN).

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Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Kurokawa Syunya, Kishimoto Taishirou, Sanada Kenji, Mimura Masaru

Japanese Journal of Biological Psychiatry (Japanese Society of Biological Psychiatry) 30 ( 2 ) 55 - 59 2019

ISSN 2186-6619

Interest in the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis, in which the intestine and the brain interact with each other via the microbiome and its metabolites, is rapidly growing. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most reported microbiota‐related disorders in the neuropsychiatric field. In ASD, differences in specific bacterial species and/or diversity (dysbiosis) as compared to healthy controls have been previously reported. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) , for the purpose of restoring dysbiosis, has been noted as a novel treatment option for ASD. In this paper, we introduce up‐to‐date observational and intervention studies regarding the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis, and discuss future prospects, such as the possibility of therapeutic application and understanding the pathology of ASD through microbiome studies. There are no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Kurokawa Syunya, Kishimoto Taishirou, Sanada Kenji, Mimura Masaru

Japanese Journal of Biological Psychiatry (Japanese Society of Biological Psychiatry) 30 ( 2 ) 55 - 59 2019

ISSN 2186-6619

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Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Real-Time Therapist Support via Videoconference for Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Panic Disorder, and Social Anxiety Disorder: Pilot Single-Arm Trial

Matsumoto K., Sutoh C., Asano K., Seki Y., Urao Y., Yokoo M., Takanashi R., Yoshida T., Tanaka M., Noguchi R., Nagata S., Oshiro K., Numata N., Hirose M., Yoshimura K., Nagai K., Sato Y., Kishimoto T., Nakagawa A., Shimizu E.

Journal of medical Internet research (Journal of medical Internet research) 20 ( 12 ) e12091 2018.12

ISSN 1438-8871

©Kazuki Matsumoto, Chihiro Sutoh, Kenichi Asano, Yoichi Seki, Yuko Urao, Mizue Yokoo, Rieko Takanashi, Tokiko Yoshida, Mari Tanaka, Remi Noguchi, Shinobu Nagata, Keiko Oshiro, Noriko Numata, Motohisa Hirose, Kensuke Yoshimura, Kazue Nagai, Yasunori Sato, Taishiro Kishimoto, Akiko Nakagawa, Eiji Shimizu. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 17.12 BACKGROUND: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-line treatment for adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder (PD), and social anxiety disorder (SAD). Patients in rural areas can access CBT via the internet. The effectiveness of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) has been consistently shown, but no clinical studies have demonstrated the feasibility of ICBT with real-time therapist support via videoconference for OCD, PD, and SAD at the same time. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of videoconference-delivered CBT for patients with OCD, PD, or SAD. METHODS: A total of 30 Japanese participants (mean age 35.4 years, SD 9.2) with OCD, SAD, or PD received 16 sessions of individualized videoconference-delivered CBT with real-time support of a therapist, using tablet personal computer (Apple iPad Mini 2). Treatment involved individualized CBT formulations specific to the presenting diagnosis; all sessions were provided by the same therapist. The primary outcomes were reduction in symptomatology, using the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) for OCD, Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) for PD, and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) for SAD. The secondary outcomes included the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) for Quality of Life, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire for anxiety, and Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form (WAI-SF). All primary outcomes were assessed at baseline and at weeks 1 (baseline), 8 (midintervention), and 16 (postintervention) face-to-face during therapy. The occurrence of adverse events was observed after each session. For the primary analysis comparing between pre- and posttreatments, the participants' points and 95% CIs were estimated by the paired t tests with the change between pre- and posttreatment. RESULTS: A significant reduction in symptom of obsession-compulsion (Y-BOCS=-6.2; Cohen d=0.74; 95% CI -9.4 to -3.0, P=.002), panic (PDSS=-5.6; Cohen d=0.89; 95% CI -9.83 to -1.37; P=.02), social anxiety (LSAS=-33.6; Cohen d=1.10; 95% CI -59.62 to -7.49, P=.02) were observed. In addition, depression (PHQ-9=-1.72; Cohen d=0.27; 95% CI -3.26 to -0.19; P=.03) and general anxiety (GAD-7=-3.03; Cohen d=0.61; 95% CI -4.57 to -1.49, P<.001) were significantly improved. Although there were no significant changes at 16 weeks from baseline in EQ-5D (0.0336; Cohen d=-0.202; 95% CI -0.0198 to 0.00869; P=.21), there were high therapeutic alliance (ie, WAI-SF) scores (from 68.0 to 73.7) throughout treatment, which significantly increased (4.14; 95% CI 1.24 to 7.04; P=.007). Of the participants, 86% (25/29) were satisfied with videoconference-delivered CBT, and 83% (24/29) preferred videoconference-delivered CBT to face-to-face CBT. An adverse event occurred to a patient with SAD; the incidence was 3% (1/30). CONCLUSIONS: Videoconference-delivered CBT for patients with OCD, SAD, and SAD may be feasible and acceptable.

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Sleep Disorders are a Prevalent and Serious Comorbidity in Dry Eye.

TAISHIRO KISHIMOTOAyaki M, Tsubota K, Kawashima M, Kishimoto T, Mimura M, Negishi K.

Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science) 59 ( 14 ) DES143 - DES150 2018.11

Research paper (scientific journal), ISSN 01460404

© 2018 The Authors. PURPOSE. Sleep is an essential life habit and closely associated with lifespan, diabetes, hypertension, and mental health. Sleep disorders are a prominent, but overlooked problem in patients with dry eye disease (DED), characterized by a poor sleep index, short sleep duration, long sleep latency, and poor subjective sleep. DED and sleep disorders are more prevalent in women than men. Moreover, sleep quality in DED is worse than in other eye diseases, including glaucoma, retinal diseases, cataract, and allergic and chronic conjunctivitis. METHODS. We reviewed the literature for studies investigating sleep and health, eyes and sleep, and DED and sleep, in terms of systemic and eye health, especially in women. RESULTS. Two studies reported that approximately half of patients with DED suffer from poor sleep. The severity of mood disorders, including anxiety and depression, is correlated strongly with sleep disorders in DED, and the symptoms and signs of DED, especially pain, also are correlated with sleep quality. Sleep disorders are documented in primary Sjögren’s syndrome and an association with sleep apnea and depression is suggested. Primary Sjögren’s syndrome includes arthritis and other rheumatic disease causing pain and fatigue; however, how sicca contributes to sleep disorders is not known. CONCLUSIONS. Possible explanations for sleep disorders in DED may be depression, pain, and eye exposure at night. Reciprocal effects may be expected and consultation-liaison psychiatry is recommended for the management of sleep disorders in DED. Topical medication and lid heating also may be advantageous for sleep quality in DED.

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Minocycline as a treatment for schizophrenia:is the discussion truly finished?

TAISHIRO KISHIMOTOKishimoto T, Horigome T, Takamiya A.

Lancet Psychiatry 5 ( 11 ) 856 - 857 2018.11

Research paper (scientific journal), Accepted

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Utilization of Facial Image Sensing Technology for Blink Detection: A Validation Study

Kitazawa M, Yoshimura M, Kuo-Ching L, Wada S, Mimura M, Tsubota K, Kishimoto T

Eye and Contact Lenz in press (Eye & contact lens) 44 ( Suppl 2 ) S297 - S301 2018.11

Research paper (scientific journal), Accepted, ISSN 1542-2321

PURPOSE: The assessment of anterior eye diseases and the understanding of psychological functions of blinking can benefit greatly from a validated blinking detection technology. In this work, we proposed an algorithm based on facial recognition built on current video processing technologies to automatically filter and analyze blinking movements. We compared electrooculography (EOG), the gold standard of blinking measurement, with manual video tape recording counting (mVTRc) and our proposed automated video tape recording analysis (aVTRa) in both static and dynamic conditions to validate our aVTRa method. METHODS: We measured blinking in both static condition, where the subject was sitting still with chin fixed on the table, and dynamic condition, where the subject's face was not fixed and natural communication was taking place between the subject and interviewer. We defined concordance of blinks between measurement methods as having less than 50 ms difference between eyes opening and closing. RESULTS: The subjects consisted of seven healthy Japanese volunteers (3 male, four female) without significant eye disease with average age of 31.4±7.2. The concordance of EOG vs. aVTRa, EOG vs. mVTRc, and aVTRa vs. mVTRc (average±SD) were found to be 92.2±10.8%, 85.0±16.5%, and 99.6±1.0% in static conditions and 32.6±31.0%, 28.0±24.2%, and 98.5±2.7% in dynamic conditions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In static conditions, we have found a high blink concordance rate between the proposed aVTRa versus EOG, and confirmed the validity of aVTRa in both static and dynamic conditions.

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