慶應義塾研究者情報データベース

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• Relationship between nerve fiber layer defect and the presence of epiretinal membrane in a Japanese population: The JPHC-NEXT Eye Study

  Uchida A., Sasaki M., Motomura K., Yuki K., Kurihara T., Tomita Y., Ozawa Y., Yamagishi K., Kawasaki R., Hanyuda A., Sawada N., Tsubota K., Tsugane S., Iso H.

  Scientific Reports （Scientific Reports）  10 （ 1 ） 779 2020年12月

  　概要を見る

  © 2020, The Author(s). The study subjects were residents of Chikusei city, Japan, aged 40 years or older who attended annual health check-up programs and participated in the JPHC-NEXT Eye Study which performed non-mydriatic fundus photography of both eyes. The relationship of glaucomatous fundus changes such as optic disc cupping (cup to disc ratio ≥ 0.7) and retinal nerve fiber layer defect (NFLD) with the presence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) were examined cross-sectionally. A total of 1990 persons gave consent to participate in this study in 2013. The overall prevalence of ERM was 12.9%. Of these, 1755 had fundus photographs of sufficient quality and no history of intraocular surgery (mean age: 62.3 ± 10.0 years). After adjusting for age, sex and refractive error, NFLD was positively associated with the presence of ERM (odds ratio [OR]: 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24, 4.96; P = 0.010), but optic disc cupping was not (OR: 1.33; CI: 0.71, 2.48; P = 0.37). The results did not necessarily suggest an association between glaucoma and ERM, but indicated an association between NFLD and ERM.

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• Relationships of diabetes and hyperglycaemia with intraocular pressure in a Japanese population: the JPHC-NEXT Eye Study

  Hanyuda A., Sawada N., Yuki K., Uchino M., Ozawa Y., Sasaki M., Yamagishi K., Iso H., Tsubota K., Tsugane S.

  Scientific Reports （Scientific Reports）  10 （ 1 ） 5355 2020年12月

  　概要を見る

  © 2020, The Author(s). Although a meta-analysis previously suggested a positive relationship between diabetes and intraocular pressure (IOP), the interrelationships among diabetes, IOP, and other ocular biometric parameters remain unclear. The present study investigated the relationships of diabetes, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and serum glucose with IOP and ocular hypertension (IOP > 21 mmHg) in non-glaucomatous Japanese adults living in Chikusei City. Diabetes was defined as a self-reported history of diabetes, the use of antidiabetic medication, or HbA1c levels ≥6.5%. Among 6,786 enrolled participants aged 40 years and above, 734 were classified as diabetic (10.8%). After adjusting for several confounders, the IOP values were significantly higher in participants with diabetes than in those without diabetes (14.4 ± 0.1 vs. 13.9 ± 0.1 mmHg, P < 0.001) and were also significantly increased in those with elevated HbA1c and serum glucose levels (both P < 0.001). Moreover, diabetes was significantly related to ocular hypertension (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–2.81; P < 0.05). The positive influence of diabetes with ocular hypertension was consistent even after adjustment for central corneal thickness. In conclusion, diabetes, elevated HbA1c, and increased serum glucose are significant contributing factors for elevated IOP.

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• Association of choroidal thickness with intermediate age-related macular degeneration in a Japanese population.

  Sasaki M, Ito Y, Yamazaki T, Yanagi Y, Gemmy Cheung CM, Motomura K, Kawakami S, Kinoshita T, Yuki K, Hanyuda A, Mimura M, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Tsubota K

  Ophthalmology. Retina 2020年09月

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• Low-carbohydrate-diet scores and the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma: data from three US cohorts

  Hanyuda A., Rosner B.A., Wiggs J.L., Willett W.C., Tsubota K., Pasquale L.R., Kang J.H.

  Eye (Basingstoke) （Eye (Basingstoke)）  34 （ 8 ） 1465 - 1475 2020年08月

  ISSN  0950222X

  　概要を見る

  © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Royal College of Ophthalmologists. Background/objectives: To assess the long-term association between low-carbohydrate dietary patterns and incident primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and POAG subtypes defined by highest untreated intraocular pressure (IOP) and by pattern of visual field (VF) loss at diagnosis. Subjects/methods: We followed 185,638 participants of three large US prospective cohorts biennially (1976–2016, 1986–2016 and 1991–2017). Deciles of three low-carbohydrate-diet scores were calculated to represent adherence to diets lower in carbohydrate and higher in protein and fat from any source, animal sources or plant sources. We confirmed POAG cases (n = 2112) by medical record review and used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate multivariable-adjusted relative risks (MVRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: There was no association between the three types of low-carbohydrate-diet scores and POAG: the MVRR for POAG in the highest vs. lowest deciles was 1.13 (95% CI, 0.91–1.39; Ptrend = 0.40) for the overall score; 1.10 (95% CI, 0.89–1.35; Ptrend = 0.38) for the animal score and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.79–1.18; Ptrend = 0.88) for the vegetable score. No differential associations by IOP level was found (Pheterogeneity ≥ 0.06). However, the vegetable score showed a suggestive inverse association with early paracentral VF loss (highest vs. lowest decile MVRR = 0.78 [95% CI, 0.55–1.10]; Ptrend = 0.12) but not with peripheral VF loss only (MVRR = 1.09 [95% CI, 0.83–1.44]; Ptrend = 0.14; Pheterogeneity = 0.03). Conclusions: Low-carbohydrate diets were not associated with risk of POAG. Our data suggested that higher consumption of fat and protein from vegetable sources substituting for carbohydrates was associated with lower risk of the POAG subtype with initial paracentral VF loss.

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• Long-term status of predicted body fat percentage, body mass index and other anthropometric factors with risk of colorectal carcinoma: Two large prospective cohort studies in the US

  Hanyuda A., Lee D.H., Ogino S., Wu K., Giovannucci E.L.

  International Journal of Cancer （International Journal of Cancer）  146 （ 9 ） 2383 - 2393 2020年05月

  ISSN  00207136

  　概要を見る

  © 2019 UICC Anthropometric measurements, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body fat percentage, have been used as indicators of obesity. Despite evidence that excess body fat is a risk factor for colorectal carcinoma (CRC), the magnitude of the association of BMI and other obesity indicators with the long-term risk of CRC remains unclear. Utilizing a Cox proportional hazards regression model, we examined differential associations between predicted body fat percentage and BMI with the risk of CRC (n = 2,017). The associations between CRC incidence and different adiposity measurements were also assessed. Predicted body fat percentage had a similar increased risk of CRC risk as BMI. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, the hazard ratio for CRC in the second to fifth quintiles (compared to the first quintile) of predicted body fat percentage were 1.32, 1.31, 1.53 and 2.09 for men (ptrend < 0.001) and 0.91, 0.90, 0.98 and 1.15 for women (ptrend = 0.03). Among various anthropometric measurements, predicted fat mass and waist circumference were slightly more strongly associated with CRC risk than BMI. In conclusion, the novel anthropometric prediction equations provided further evidence that a greater amount of body fat might contribute to CRC risk in both sexes. An innovative approach enabled us to estimate the susceptibilities of specific body composition with CRC risk, in an inexpensive and minimally invasive manner. Furthermore, the typically used measures of BMI and waist circumference are robust measures of adiposity to predict cancer risk in a relatively healthy population.

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• 脂質代謝の見地からみた緑内障リスクの分子疫学研究

  2025年04月

  -

  2028年03月

  羽入田 明子, 若手研究, 補助金,  研究代表者