慶應義塾研究者情報データベース

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• 2006年

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  2012年

  慶應義塾大学, 医学部

  大学, 卒業

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• Identification of quiescent LGR5⁺ stem cells in the human colon, 慶應義塾大学, 2022年

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• Identification of Quiescent LGR5⁺ Stem Cells in the Human Colon

  Ishikawa K., Sugimoto S., Oda M., Fujii M., Takahashi S., Ohta Y., Takano A., Ishimaru K., Matano M., Yoshida K., Hanyu H., Toshimitsu K., Sawada K., Shimokawa M., Saito M., Kawasaki K., Ishii R., Taniguchi K., Imamura T., Kanai T., Sato T.

  Gastroenterology （Gastroenterology）  163 （ 5 ） 1391 - 1406.e24 2022年11月

  ISSN  00165085

  　概要を見る

  Background & Aims: In the mouse intestinal epithelium, Lgr5+ stem cells are vulnerable to injury, owing to their predominantly cycling nature, and their progenies de-differentiate to replenish the stem cell pool. However, how human colonic stem cells behave in homeostasis and during regeneration remains unknown. Methods: Transcriptional heterogeneity among colonic epithelial cells was analyzed by means of single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of human and mouse colonic epithelial cells. To trace the fate of human colonic stem or differentiated cells, we generated LGR5-tdTomato, LGR5-iCasase9-tdTomato, LGR5-split-Cre, and KRT20-ERCreER knock-in human colon organoids via genome engineering. p27+ dormant cells were further visualized with the p27-mVenus reporter. To analyze the dynamics of human colonic stem cells in vivo, we orthotopically xenotransplanted fluorescence-labeled human colon organoids into immune-deficient mice. The cell cycle dynamics in xenograft cells were evaluated using 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine pulse-chase analysis. The clonogenic capacity of slow-cycling human stem cells or differentiated cells was analyzed in the context of homeostasis, LGR5 ablation, and 5-fluorouracil–induced mucosal injury. Results: Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis illuminated the presence of nondividing LGR5+ stem cells in the human colon. Visualization and lineage tracing of slow-cycling LGR5+p27+ cells and orthotopic xenotransplantation validated their homeostatic lineage-forming capability in vivo, which was augmented by 5-FU–induced mucosal damage. Transforming growth factor–β signaling regulated the quiescent state of LGR5+ cells. Despite the plasticity of differentiated KRT20+ cells, they did not display clonal growth after 5-FU–induced injury, suggesting that occupation of the niche environment by LGR5+p27+ cells prevented neighboring differentiated cells from de-differentiating. Conclusions: Our results highlight the quiescent nature of human LGR5+ colonic stem cells and their contribution to post-injury regeneration.

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• From mice to humans—divergent strategies for intestinal homeostasis and regeneration

  Ishikawa K., Sugimoto S., Sato T.

  FEBS Letters 2026年06月

  ISSN  00145793

  　概要を見る

  The intestinal epithelium is maintained by stem cells that balance self-renewal and differentiation to sustain homeostasis and enable regeneration after injury. Recent advances—including organoid culture, genome editing, orthotopic xenotransplantation, and somatic mutation–based analysis—have created new opportunities to investigate intestinal stem cell (ISC) dynamics in humans. These studies have revealed striking species-specific differences: whereas mouse LGR5⁺ ISCs divide daily and are chemo-sensitive, human colonic LGR5⁺ stem cells are predominantly slow-cycling and chemo-resistant. Consistent with this reduced cycling, human ISCs accumulate somatic mutations more slowly than those of mice. Across mammals, ISC proliferation rates inversely correlate with lifespan, a relationship thought to minimize mutation accumulation and reduce cancer risk, in line with Peto's paradox. Regenerative responses in both mice and humans can involve fetal-like reprogramming driven by YAP and other signaling pathways, yet the extent of species differences in intestinal regenerative capacity remains unclear. This review synthesizes current insights into ISC kinetics, injury responses, and evolutionary adaptations, highlighting the need for human-focused studies to bridge translational gaps and guide regenerative medicine strategies.

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• Diet-mediated constitutive induction of novel IL-4⁺ ILC2 cells maintains intestinal homeostasis in mice

  Cui W., Nagano Y., Morita S., Tanoue T., Yamane H., Ishikawa K., Sato T., Kubo M., Hori S., Taniguchi T., Hatakeyama M., Atarashi K., Honda K.

  Journal of Experimental Medicine （Journal of Experimental Medicine）  220 （ 8 ）  2023年08月

  ISSN  00221007

  　概要を見る

  Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) expressing IL-5 and IL-13 are localized at various mucosal tissues and play critical roles in the induction of type 2 inflammation, response to helminth infection, and tissue repair. Here, we reveal a unique ILC2 subset in the mouse intestine that constitutively expresses IL-4 together with GATA3, ST2, KLRG1, IL-17RB, and IL-5. In this subset, IL-4 expression is regulated by mechanisms similar to but distinct from those observed in T cells and is partly affected by IL-25 signaling. Although the absence of the microbiota had marginal effects, feeding mice with a vitamin B1-deficient diet compromised the number of intestinal IL-4+ ILC2s. The decrease in the number of IL-4+ ILC2s caused by the vitamin B1 deficiency was accompanied by a reduction in IL-25–producing tuft cells. Our findings reveal that dietary vitamin B1 plays a critical role in maintaining interaction between tuft cells and IL-4+ ILC2s, a previously uncharacterized immune cell population that may contribute to maintaining intestinal homeostasis.

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• An organoid-based organ-repurposing approach to treat short bowel syndrome

  Sugimoto S., Kobayashi E., Fujii M., Ohta Y., Arai K., Matano M., Ishikawa K., Miyamoto K., Toshimitsu K., Takahashi S., Nanki K., Hakamata Y., Kanai T., Sato T.

  Nature （Nature）  592 （ 7852 ） 99 - 104 2021年04月

  ISSN  00280836

  　概要を見る

  The small intestine is the main organ for nutrient absorption, and its extensive resection leads to malabsorption and wasting conditions referred to as short bowel syndrome (SBS). Organoid technology enables an efficient expansion of intestinal epithelium tissue in vitro1, but reconstruction of the whole small intestine, including the complex lymphovascular system, has remained challenging2. Here we generate a functional small intestinalized colon (SIC) by replacing the native colonic epithelium with ileum-derived organoids. We first find that xenotransplanted human ileum organoids maintain their regional identity and form nascent villus structures in the mouse colon. In vitro culture of an organoid monolayer further reveals an essential role for luminal mechanistic flow in the formation of villi. We then develop a rat SIC model by repositioning the SIC at the ileocaecal junction, where the epithelium is exposed to a constant luminal stream of intestinal juice. This anatomical relocation provides the SIC with organ structures of the small intestine, including intact vasculature and innervation, villous structures, and the lacteal (a fat-absorbing lymphatic structure specific to the small intestine). The SIC has absorptive functions and markedly ameliorates intestinal failure in a rat model of SBS, whereas transplantation of colon organoids instead of ileum organoids invariably leads to mortality. These data provide a proof of principle for the use of intestinal organoids for regenerative purposes, and offer a feasible strategy for SBS treatment.

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• Chromosome Engineering of Human Colon-Derived Organoids to Develop a Model of Traditional Serrated Adenoma

  Kenta Kawasaki, Masayuki Fujii, Shinya Sugimoto, Keiko Ishikawa, Mami Matano, Yuki Ohta, Kohta Toshimitsu, Sirirat Takahashi, Naoki Hosoe, Shigeki Sekine, Takanori Kanai, Toshiro Sato.

  Gastroeneterology 158 （ 3 ） 638 - 651 2019年10月

  研究論文（学術雑誌）

  　概要を見る

  Background & aims: Traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) are rare colorectal polyps with unique histologic features. Fusions in R-spondin genes have been found in TSAs, but it is not clear whether these are sufficient for TSA development, due to the lack of a chromosome engineering platform for human tissues. We studied the effects of fusions in R-spondin genes and other genetic alterations found in TSA using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated chromosome and genetic modification of human colonic organoids.
  
  Methods: We introduced chromosome rearrangements that involve R-spondin genes into human colonic organoids, with or without disruption of TP53, using CRISPR-Cas9 (chromosome-engineered organoids). We then knocked a mutation into BRAF encoding the V600E substitution and overexpressed the GREM1 transgene; the organoids were transplanted into colons of NOG mice and growth of xenograft tumors was measured. Colon tissues were collected and analyzed by immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization. We also established 2 patient-derived TSA organoid lines and characterized their genetic features and phenotypes. We inserted a bicistronic cassette expressing a dimerizer-inducible suicide gene and fluorescent marker downstream of the LGR5 gene in the chromosome-engineered organoids; addition of the dimerizer eradicates LGR5+ cells. Some tumor-bearing mice were given intraperitoneal injections of the dimerizer to remove LGR5-expressing cells.
  
  Results: Chromosome engineering of organoids required disruption of TP53 or culture in medium containing IGF1 and FGF2. In colons of mice, organoids that expressed BRAFV600E and fusions in R-spondin genes formed flat serrated lesions. Patient-derived TSA organoids grew independent of exogenous R-spondin, and 1 line grew independent of Noggin. Organoids that overexpressed GREM1, in addition to BRAFV600E and fusions in R-spondin genes, formed polypoid tumors in mice that had histologic features similar to TSAs. Xenograft tumors persisted after loss of LGR5-expressing cells.
  
  Conclusions: We demonstrated efficient chromosomal engineering of human normal colon organoids. We introduced genetic and chromosome alterations into human colon organoids found in human TSAs; tumors grown from these organoids in mice had histopathology features of TSAs. This model might be used to study progression of human colorectal tumors with RSPO fusion gene and GREM1 overexpression.
  
  

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• Identification of quiescent LGR5⁺ stem cells in the human colon (本文)

  石渡, 景子

  （慶應義塾大学大学院医学研究科）  2022年

• Identification of quiescent LGR5⁺ stem cells in the human colon (要旨)

  石渡, 景子

  （慶應義塾大学大学院医学研究科）  2022年

• Identification of quiescent LGR5⁺ stem cells in the human colon (審査報告)

  石渡, 景子

  （慶應義塾大学大学院医学研究科）  2022年

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• From mice to humans—divergent strategies for intestinal homeostasis and regeneration

  Ishikawa K., Sugimoto S., Sato T.

  FEBS Letters   2026年06月

  記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）, 共著, 筆頭著者

• オルガノイドを用いたヒト細胞の遺伝学的細胞系譜解析

  太田悠木, 石川景子, 杉本真也, 佐藤俊朗

  感染.炎症.免疫  53 （ 1 ） 31 - 40 2023年04月

  記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）

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• ヒト大腸における休止期幹細胞の発見と再生医療への応用

  石川景子, 杉本真也, 金井隆典, 佐藤俊朗

  [国内会議] 

  2024年05月

  , 

  シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（指名）

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• ヒト正常大腸幹細胞の増殖を制御する因子の探索

  2023年04月

  -

  2024年03月

  坂口光洋記念慶應義塾医学振興基金, 補助金,  未設定

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• 東京都医師会医学研究賞　奨励賞

  2024年

  受賞区分： 学会誌・学術雑誌による顕彰