Details of a Researcher - Yamamoto, Isamu

Papers - Yamamoto, Isamu

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Potential benefits and determinants of remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Japanese Household Panel Data

K Ishii, I Yamamoto, M Nakayama

Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 70, 101285 (Journal of the Japanese and International Economies) 70 2023.12

ISSN 08891583

This study examines the impact of remote work on subjective well-being, such as subjective productivity, work engagement, and health condition, during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also identifies the characteristics of workers and jobs that contribute to the continuous implementation of remote work, using data from the “Japan Household Panel Survey (JHPS)” and “JHPS Special Survey for COVID-19 (Waves 1 and 2).” As for the characteristics of remote work, multinomial logit models indicate that remote work tends to be continuously conducted in workplaces where performance rather than hours worked is valued, flexible work arrangements are allowed, and better management practices are conducted. In addition, workers with better IT skills, those exposed to new technologies, and those engaged in abstract tasks are more likely to work remotely after the state of emergency. Regarding the impact of remote work, we conjecture that the exogenous shift to remote work due to the pandemic had a heterogeneous impact on workers. The first difference models, where unobservable time-invariant worker heterogeneity has been removed, indicate a positive impact on subjective well-being for those who continued to work remotely after the state of emergency was lifted in 2020. Those who only worked remotely as a stopgap measure during the first state of emergency experienced negative impacts of remote work.

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Intervention and information effects at the individual level during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

MS Chang, I Yamamoto

PloS one 18 (11), e0294189 (PLoS ONE) 18 ( 11 November ) e0294189 2023.11

ISSN 1932-6203

This paper estimated the impact of intervention effects (state of emergency (SOE) or quasi-SOE requirements) and information effects (publicized increases in the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths and fear of infection) on preventive behaviors and telecommuting during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Japan Household Panel Survey. Our results indicated that SOEs and quasi-SOEs had positive effects on the adoption of preventive behaviors among individuals, including handwashing, which indicates that an SOE has a direct effect and an indirect effect. Although SOEs in Japan were less enforceable and more lenient than those in other countries, they still had a certain effect on people's adoption of preventive behaviors. However, the contribution of information effects was much larger than that of intervention effects, suggesting the importance of how and when information should be communicated to the public to prevent the spread of infection.

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Japanese citizens' behavioral changes and preparedness against COVID-19: An online survey during the early phase of the pandemic

Muto K, Yamamoto I, Nagasu M, Tanaka M, Wada K

PLoS ONE (PLoS ONE) 15 ( 6 ) e0234292 2020.06

Accepted, ISSN 1932-6203

The Japanese government instituted countermeasures against COVID-19, a pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus, in January 2020. Seeking “people's behavioral changes,” in which the government called on the public to take precautionary measures or exercise self-restraint, was one of the important strategies. The purpose of this study is to investigate how and from when Japanese citizens have changed their precautionary behavior under circumstances in which the government has only requested their cooperation. This study uses micro data from a cross-sectional survey conducted on an online platform of an online research company, based on quota sampling that is representative of the Japanese population. By the end of March 2020, a total of 11,342 respondents, aged from 20 to 64 years, were recruited. About 85 percent reported practising the social distancing measures recommended by the government including more females than males and more older than younger participants. Frequent handwashing is conducted by 86 percent of all participants, 92 percent of female, and 87.9 percent of over-40 participants. The most important event influencing these precautionary actions was the infection aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship, which occurred in early February 2020 (23 percent). Information from the central and local governments, received by 60 percent of the participants, was deemed trustworthy by 50 percent. However, the results also showed that about 20 percent of the participants were reluctant to implement proper prevention measures. The statistical analysis indicated that the typical characteristics of those people were male, younger (under 30 years old), unmarried, from lower-income households, a drinking or smoking habit, and a higher extraversion score. To prevent the spread of infection in Japan, it is imperative to address these individuals and encourage their behavioural changes using various means to reach and influence them.

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Job tasks and wages in the Japanese labor market: Evidence from wage functions

Kobayashi T, Yamamoto I

Journal of the Japanese and International Economies (Journal of the Japanese and International Economies) 58 2020.12

Accepted, ISSN 08891583

Based on the microdata from the Basic Survey on Wage Structure and the original survey, we estimate the Mincerian wage function, incorporating job tasks, to examine the importance of job task wage premiums as well as long-term changes in the Japanese labor market. In the estimation, we found that the association between abstract tasks and wages is positive and that a one standard deviation increase in the abstract task scores was associated with a 21.2% wage premium, while that of routine and manual task wage premiums are negative. We also found that the total explanatory power of three task scores (routine, abstract, and manual tasks) is higher than that of the education dummies or the major occupation group dummies. We also confirmed two testable implications from the Roy model regarding the workers’ self-selection into occupations in the Japanese labor market. These findings are similar to those obtained by Autor and Handel (2013). On the other hand, we found no major changes between 2005 and 2016 in the coefficients of routine, abstract, or manual task scores as well as their explanatory powers in the wage function. We then observed that demand for labor increased in many occupations involving many non-routine or manual tasks, but at the same time, the supply of labor to those occupations also increased. Therefore, we discussed that the change in labor demand and supply may be one of the reasons for the stable relationship between job tasks and wages.

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Why Do People Overwork at the Risk of Impairing Mental Health?

Kuroda S, Yamamoto I

Journal of Happiness Studies (Journal of Happiness Studies) 20 ( 5 ) 1519 - 1538 2019.06

Accepted, ISSN 13894978

This study uses longitudinal data on Japanese workers to investigate the relationship between overwork and mental health. Conventional labor supply theory assumes that people allocate their hours of work and leisure to maximize personal utility. However, people sometimes overwork and underestimate the risks of its negative impact on their physical and/or mental health. We incorporate nonpecuniary factors into the conventional utility function. Empirical analysis reveals a nonlinear relationship between the number of hours worked and job satisfaction. We find that job satisfaction increases when people work more than 55 h per week. However, we also find that hours worked linearly erode workers’ mental health. These findings imply that people who overvalue job satisfaction work excessive hours, consequently damaging their mental health. People may hold incorrect beliefs and underestimate the mental health risks of overwork, which may lead them to work longer hours. Our findings imply that educational and regulatory interventions are needed for both workers and employers to reduce the detrimental impacts on mental health caused by overwork.

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Effect of Work-Life Balance Practices on Firm Productivity: Evidence from Japanese Firm-level Panel Data

YAMAMOTO Isamu

B E JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS & POLICY (WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH) 14 ( 4 ) forthcoming 2014

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 1935-1682

This article examines how firm practices that could contribute to worker attainment of work-life balance (WLB) affect the total factor productivity (TFP) of a firm, by using panel data of Japanese firms from the 1990s. We observed a positive correlation between the WLB practices and TFP among sampled firms. However that correlation vanished when we controlled for the unobserved firm heterogeneity, and we found no general causal relationship in which WLB practices increase firm TFP in the medium or long run. For firms with the following characteristics, however, we found positive and sizable effects: large firms, manufacturing firms, and firms that have exhibited labor hoarding during recessions. Since these firms are likely to incur large fixed employment costs, we infer that firms investing in firm-specific human skills or having large hiring/firing costs can benefit from WLB practices through a decrease in turnover or increase in recruiting effectiveness.

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Is downward wage flexibility the primary factor of Japan's prolonged deflation?

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Asian Economic Policy Review 9 ( 1 ) 2014

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

What motivates volunteer work in an emergency? Evidence from the 2011 East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Economics Bulletin 32 1933-1941 2012

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

Do peers affect determination of work hours? Evidence based on unique employee data from global Japanese firms in Europe

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Journal of Labor Research 34 ( 3 ) 359-388 - 388 2013

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0195-3613

By using a unique dataset on managerial-level employees who were transferred from Japan to European branches of the same global firms, we examine what would happen to work hours when a worker moves from a long-hour-working country to relatively shorter-hour countries. Even after controlling for business cycles, unobserved individual heterogeneity, job characteristics, and work hour regulations, we find a significant decline in Japanese work hours after their transfer to Europe, resulting from working-behavior influences of locally hired staff. We also find that the reduction in hours worked highly depends on the extent of the workers' interactions with local peers. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

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Firms’ demand for work hours: Evidence from matched firm-worker data in Japan

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Journal of the Japanese and International Economies (ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE) 29 ( 3 ) 57-73 - 73 2013

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0889-1583

Using information on Japanese males' work hours and the matched firms' characteristics, this paper investigates whether the number of hours worked is determined by demand-side factors and tries to offer a possible explanation of why Japanese males tend to work longer on average, than their counterparts in other countries. Based on an empirical framework in which each firm sets a minimum boundary of work hours and where workers hired by the firm are required to put in at least the minimum hours, we found that the minimum requirement depends on each firm's fixed costs of labor. Specifically, firms that tend to hoard labor during recessions, presumably because of higher fixed costs, require incumbent workers to work longer hours during normal times. Since Japanese firms have long been considered as incurring high fixed costs to train workers, we interpret the long work hour requirement as a rational strategy for Japanese firms in protecting high-skill-accumulated workers from dismissal. In other words, the long work hours of Japanese males reflect firms' long-term employment practices, a typical feature of the Japanese labor market. J. Japanese Int. Economies 29 (2013) 57-73. Waseda University, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Japan; Keio University, Faculty of Business and Commerce, Japan. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Impact of overtime regulations on wages and work hours

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Journal of the Japanese and International Economies (ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE) 26 ( 2 ) 249-262 - 262 2012

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0889-1583

Kuroda, Sachiko, and Yamamoto, Isamu-Impact of overtime regulations on wages and work hours
Exploiting an ambiguity in the criteria regarding which employees are exempt from overtime regulations in Japan, this paper used the longitudinal data of Japanese employees to examine whether overtime regulations have an impact on hourly wages and hours worked. We found that although the differences between the hourly wages of the exempt and non-exempt employees were negligible, the hours worked by exempt employees were longer, especially for non-university graduates during the recessionary period. We interpreted that the fixed-wage model, rather than the fixed-job model, was prevalent during the recession period, especially for workers with low bargaining power. J. Japanese Int. Economies 26 (2) (2012) 249-262. Waseda University, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda Shinjukuku, Tokyo, japan; Keio University, Faculty of Business and Commerce, 2-15-45-502 Mita Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Wage premiums for firms’ work-life balance practices: Evidence from Japanese matched firm-worker data

YAMAMOTO Isamu

The Business & Management Review 4 ( 1 ) 153-161 2013

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

The era of the 24-hour society?: Assessing changes in work timing using a Japanese time use survey

YAMAMOTO Isamu

APPLIED ECONOMICS LETTERS (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD) 19 ( 11 ) 1035-1038 - 1038 2012

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, ISSN 1350-4851

Using data from a Japanese time use survey, we show a noteworthy increase in the share of employees working at unusual hours (late night and early morning) over a period of a decade since the mid-1990s. When controlling for changes in hours worked, however, we find that the notable increase in the fraction of people at work at unusual hours was for low-income nonregular employees (part-time, temporary and contract workers) while relatively higher income regular employees' work timing remains stable. These observations imply that there is a trend of diversification of work timing in Japan between regular and nonregular employees. A possible explanation is that the increase in the average hours worked per weekday by regular employees, possibly because of the spread of the 5-day workweek since the 1990s, increased services and goods demand at unusual hours as they returned home. An Oaxaca-Blinder type decomposition suggests that such an increase in the average hours worked by regular employees explains partially the rise in the employment rate of nonregular employees at unusual times.

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Estimating Frisch labor supply elasticity in Japan

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Journal of The Japanese and International Economies (ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE) 22 ( 4 ) 566–585 - 585 2008

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0889-1583

Using Japanese data from the 1990s aggregated by prefecture, age group, and sex, we estimate Frisch labor supply elasticity, which has been seldom estimated in Japan. The change in labor supply can be decomposed into two labor-supply behaviors: extensive margin, indicating workers' entry and exit from the labor market; and intensive margin, indicating changes in hours of work in response to a wage change. Our estimates of the Frisch elasticity on the extensive and intensive margins combined are in the range of 0.2 to 0.7 for males, 1.3 to 1.5 for females, and 0.7 to 1.0 for both sexes. Our estimates of the Frisch elasticity on only the intensive margin are in the range of 0.1 to 0.2 for all three categories. These results suggest that extensive margin explains the bulk of labor-supply changes in Japan. As for the changes in the estimates of the Frisch elasticity in Japan from the 1990s, it has been either unchanged or in a declining trend on the extensive and intensive margins combined, either unchanged or in a slight rising trend on only the intensive margin, and in a declining trend on only the extensive margin. J. Japanese Int. Economies 22 (4) (2008) 566-585. Hitotsubashi University, Japan; Keio University, Japan. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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The Employment of Older Workers in Japanese Firms: Empirical Evidence From Micro Data

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Human Resource Management in Aging Societies: Perspectives from Japan and Germany (Palgrave Macmillan) 2008

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work, Accepted

Why are Nominal Wages Downwardly Rigid, but Less So in apan?: An Explanation based on Behavioral Economics and Labor Market/Macroeconomic Differences

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Monetary and Economic Studies 25 ( 2 ) 45-88 2007

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

Wage Fluctuations in Japan after the Burst of the Bubble: Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity, Payroll, and the Unemployment Rate

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Monetary and Economic Studies 23 ( 2 ) 1月30日 2005

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

The Impact of Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity on the unemployment Rate: Quantitative Evidence from Japan

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Monetary and Economic Studies 21 ( 4 ) 57-86 2003

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

Are Japanese Nominal Wages Downwardly Rigid? (Part II): Examinations using a Friction Model

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Monetary and Economic Studies 21 ( 2 ) 31-68 2003

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

Are Japanese Nominal Wages Downwardly Rigid? (Part I): Examinations using a Friction Model

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Monetary and Economic Studies 21 ( 2 ) 1月29日 2003

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted

Essays on the retirement of older men in the U.S. and Japan

YAMAMOTO Isamu

Brown University Ph.D. dissertation 2003

Research paper (other academic), Single Work, Accepted

Employment of Older Workers in Japan: Analysis on the Effectiveness of Employment Management, Employment Policies, and Pension Systems

YAMAMOTO Isamu

'''Improving Employment Opportunities for Older Workers, Ninth EU-Japan Symposium''' (European Commission) 2002.02

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work

The Older Workers' Employment in Japanese Firms: An Empirical Study Using Micro Data on Firms

YAMAMOTO Isamu

'''Improving Employment Opportunities for Older Workers, Ninth EU-Japan Symposium''' (European Commission) 2002.02

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work

Labor Supply Behavior Mechanism of Older Men in Japan: An Empirical Study Using Micro Data on Individuals

YAMAMOTO Isamu

'''Improving Employment Opportunities for Older Workers, Ninth EU-Japan Symposium''' (European Commission) 2002.02

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work

人々は賃金の変化に応じて労働供給をどの程度変えるのか？：労働供給弾性値の概念整理とわが国のデータを用いた推計

YAMAMOTO Isamu

金融研究 (日本銀行金融研究所) 26 ( 2 ) 1-40 - 40 2007.04

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0287-5306

人的資本経営として注目されるエンゲージメントの向上

山本勲

企業活力 116 42 - 45 2022

ポストコロナ時代を見据えた人材活用・活性化戦略とは

鶴光太郎, 山本勲

日経スマートワーク経営研究会報告 2022 - 2022

Shift to Flexible Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic

YAMAMOTO Isamu, ISHII Kayoko

TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES (Japan Science Support Foundation) 26 ( 12 ) 12_50 - 12_53 2021.12

ISSN 13423363

新型コロナウイルス感染症のパンデミックは、デジタル化やICTの利活用の進む環境で働く労働者を中心に、在宅勤務やテレワークなどの柔軟な働き方を普及させ、ショックに対するレジリエンスの高い働き方を推し進めた。急速な技術革新というメガトレンドを踏まえると、ポストコロナでは、テクノロジーの活用の有無により、所得格差のみならず、ショックに対するレジリエンスやウェルビーイングといった非金銭的な格差が拡大することが懸念される。本稿では、慶應義塾大学パネルデータ設計・解析センターが実施した「JHPSコロナ特別調査」を用い、金銭的に豊かな労働者ほど、柔軟な働き方を定着させ、仕事に対する熱意といったウェルビーイングにも格差が生じていることを指摘した。ポストコロナの労働市場において、こうしたウェルビーイング格差が、レジリエンス格差によってもたらされている可能性について、今後、慎重に検討する必要がある。

コロナ禍初期の緊急事態宣言下における在宅勤務の実施要因と所得や不安に対する影響

石井加代子, 中山真緒, 山本勲

日本労働研究雑誌 ( 731 ) 81 - 98 2021.06

Accepted

新型コロナウイルス感染症流行初期の雇用者の就業・生活・ウェルビーイング：パンデミック前後のリアル手イムパネルデータを用いた検証

山本勲, 石井加代子, 樋口美雄

三田商学研究 64 ( 1 ) 67 - 99 2021.04

Impacts of anxiety and socioeconomic factors on mental health in the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population in Japan: A web-based survey

Nagasu M, Muto K, Yamamoto I

PLoS ONE (PLoS ONE) 16 ( 3 March ) e0247705 2021.03

Accepted, ISSN 1932-6203

Owing to the rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2) pandemic worldwide, individuals experience considerable psychological distress daily. The present study aimed to clarify the prevalence of psychological distress and determine the population most affected by risk factors such as the pandemic, socioeconomic status (SES), and lifestyle-related factors causing psychological distress in the early phases of the pandemic in Japan. This study was conducted via a web-based survey using quota sampling to ensure representativeness of the Japanese population aged 20-64 years. A crosssectional study of 11,342 participants (5,734 males and 5,608 females) was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Japanese version of the Kessler 6 Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and questions related to the pandemic, SES, and lifestyle. The prevalence of psychological distress, represented by a K6 score of 5 or more, was 50.3% among males and 52.6% among females. Both males and females with annual household incomes less than 2 million yen and males aged in their twenties had significantly higher K6 scores than those with annual household incomes above 2 million yen and males aged over 30 years. Binary logistic regression analyses found pandemic-related factors such as medical history, inability to undergo clinical tests immediately, having trouble in daily life, unavailability of groceries, new work style, and vague anxiety; SES-related factors such as lesser income; and lifestyle-related factors such as insufficient rest, sleep, and nutritious meals to be significantly related to psychological distress. Psychological distress was more prevalent among people with low income and in younger generations than among other groups. There is an urgent need to provide financial, medical, and social support to those affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Copyright:

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慶應義塾大学「JHPS新型コロナウイルス感染症特別調査」の実施と結果

山本勲

貧困研究 26 151 - 152 2021

With コロナ時代の働き方の変貌と健康経営の役割

鶴光太郎, 山本勲

日経スマートワーク経営研究会報告 2021 2021 2021

コロナ禍での在宅勤務の潜在的メリットと定着可能性：パネルデータを用いた検証

山本勲

慶應義塾大学パネルデータ設計・解析センター・ディスカッションペーパー DP2021-007 2021

健康経営銘柄と健康経営施策の効果分析

山本勲, 黒田祥子

RIETIディスカッションペーパー 21-J-037 2021

従業員のポジティブメンタルヘルスと生産性との関係

山本勲

RIETIディスカッションペーパー 21-J-043 2021

Do comprehensive and diverse childcare services affect women’s labour supply and well-being?

Ito H, Yamamoto I

Applied Economics Letters (Applied Economics Letters) 29 ( 2 ) 173 - 178 2021

Accepted, ISSN 13504851

This paper estimates the effect of comprehensive and diverse regional childcare services on Japanese women’s labour participation and well-being. On the basis of a sequence of childcare policies introduced in the early 2000s in Japan, we apply the difference-in-differences method. Our empirical results show that these services had positive heterogeneous effects on women’s labour supply in terms of extensive and intensive margins, depending on their employment type. Furthermore, we find a mixed result that the availability of such childcare services deteriorated the subjective well-being of regular employees possibly due to the increased working hours, but improved that of nonregular employees possibly due to the increased participation in the labour market.

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Research on the task models to cooperate with the human and new technology: Evaluating the impacts on labour market

I Yamamoto

Impact 2021 (2), 73-75 2021

AIなどの新しい技術の進歩と雇用・賃金・働き方

山本勲

産政研フォーラム 129 12 - 18 2021

Impact of socioeconomic- And lifestyle-related risk factors on poor mental health conditions: A nationwide longitudinal 5-wave panel study in Japan

Nagasu M, Yamamoto I

PLoS ONE (PLoS ONE) 15 ( 10 ) e0240240 2020.10

Accepted, ISSN 1932-6203

The association of socioeconomic status and lifestyle behaviours on mental health appears well-established in the literature, as several studies report that better socioeconomic status such as higher levels of disposable income and employment as well as practising healthy lifestyles can enhance mental well-being. However, the reliance on cross-sectional correlations and lack of adequate statistical controls are possible limitations. This study aims to add the evidence of longitudinal association to the literature by using Japanese representative longitudinal household panel data. We employed panel data analytical techniques such as the random-effects conditional logistic regression (RE-CLR) and the fixed-effects conditional logistic regression (FE-CLR) models with possible time variant confounders being controlled. Our sample was comprised of 14,717 observations of 3,501 individuals aged 22- 59 years for five waves of the Japanese Household Panel Survey. We confirmed many of the factors associated with mental health reported in existing studies by analysing crosssectional data. These significant associations are also longitudinal (within) associations estimated by the FE-CLR models. Such factors include unemployment, low household income, short nightly sleeping duration, and lack of exercise. However, we also found that several factors such as disposable income, living alone, and drinking habits are not significantly associated with mental health in the FE-CRL models. The results imply the reverse causality that poor mental health conditions cause lower disposal income, possibly due to the inability to exhibit higher productivity, but an increase in disposal income would not necessarily improve mental health conditions. In this case, aggressive policy interventions to increase the disposal income of people of lower socioeconomic backgrounds would not necessarily be effective to minimize health inequalities.

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働き方改革の経済分析：企業パネルデータと労働者・企業マッチデータを用いた検証

山本勲

現代経済学の潮流 - 2020

Accepted

働き方、健康、生産性との関係　～労働生産性の経済学指標の検討

黒田祥子, 山本勲

産業精神保健 28(1) 2020

企業業績を高めるための働き方改革と従業員のウェルビーイング向上

山本勲

日経スマートワークOUTLOOK － 2020

企業業績を高めるための働き方改革と従業員のウェルビーイング向上

鶴光太郎, 山本勲

日経スマートワークOUTLOOK - 2020

人口減少下の日本の労働市場の方向性

山本勲

「人口減少と経済成長に関する研究会」報告書（財務省財務総合政策研究所） - 2020

コロナ禍によって加速する働き方改革

山本勲

タリスマン 2020.11 2020

コロナ禍における在宅勤務の実施要因と所得や不安に対する影響

山本勲

労働政策研究・研修機構ディスカッションペーパー 20-SJ-01 2020

Japanese citizens’ behavioral changes and preparedness against COVID-19: How effective is Japan’s approach of self-restraint?

K Muto, I Yamamoto, M Nagasu, M Tanaka, K Wada

MedRxiv 2020

Japanese citizens’ behavioral changes

I Yamamoto

Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research … 2020

Institute for Economic Studies, Keio University

K ISHII, M NAKAYAMA, I YAMAMOTO

2020

Determinants and impacts on income and anxiety of working from home during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

K Ishii, M Nakayama, I Yamamoto

Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series 2020

AIロボティクスの普及と日本人の働き方

山本勲

技術進歩と日本経済－ 2020

情報開示の有無を考慮した女性活躍推進と企業業績の関係

山本勲

経済分析 201 1 - 16 2020

Accepted

現場業務に精通する人材にこそAIリテラシー研修の実施を

山本勲

産業訓練 66(3) 2020

日本経済に求められる働き方改革と企業パフォーマンスの向上

山本勲

統計－ 2020

新型コロナウイルス感染症流行初期の雇用者の就業・生活・ウェルビーイング ― パンデミック前後のリアルタイムパネルデータを用いた検証 ―

山本勲

パネルデータ設計・解析センターディスカッションペーパー－ 1 - 48 2020

新型コロナウイルス感染症によって加速する非接触型経済への移行

山本勲

商工ジャーナル 2020.11 2020

Association of socioeconomic and lifestyle-related risk factors with mental health conditions: A cross-sectional study

Nagasu M, Kogi K, Yamamoto I

BMC Public Health (BMC Public Health) 19 ( 1 ) 1759 2019.12

Accepted

Background: There is rising public concern over the widening health inequalities in many countries. The aim of this study was to clarify the associations of socioeconomic status (SES)-related variables, such as levels of household disposable income and employment status, and lifestyle factors with mental health conditions among Japanese adults aged 40 to 69. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 3085 participants (1527 males and 1558 females) was undertaken by using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Japanese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and questions related to socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Results: The prevalence of poor mental health conditions, represented by a GHQ-12 score of 4 or more, was 33.4% among males and 40.4% among females. Males whose annual household disposable income was less than 2 million yen had significantly higher GHQ-12 scores than those with an annual household disposable income above 2 million yen. As per binary logistic regression analyses, short sleep duration and the absence of physical exercise were significantly related to poor mental health conditions among both males and females. Among females, a household disposable income of less than 2 million yen could be a risk factor for poor mental health conditions. Age and habitual drinking were inversely associated with poor mental health conditions. Conclusions: Low levels of household disposable income and unhealthy lifestyle factors were significantly associated with mental health conditions. These results suggest the importance of improving unhealthy lifestyle behaviours and developing effective health promotion programmes. In addition, there is a need for social security systems for people from different socioeconomic backgrounds.

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Impact of Japanese pub’s non-smoking policy on customer popularity

Yamamoto Isamu, Oya Hironobu, Goto Shintaro, Saito Keita, Tsuduki Kentaro

Japanese Journal of Tobacco Control (Japan Society for Tobacco Control) 14 ( 2 ) 44 - 50 2019.07

Objective: Based on an approach of economics, we estimate whether the non-smoking policy of Japanese pub (Izakaya) would affect Japanese pub’s performance. Methods: We construct Japanese pub’s panel data (longitudinal data) from 2012 to 2016 including information on customer’s reviews and Japanese pub characteristics by using a restaurant reviews site. Based on the method of econometric analysis, we statistically estimate the impact of smoking policy on popularity of Japanese pubs. Results: Implementation of smoking cessation did not statistically and significantly affect the popularity of the Japanese pub, measured by the score of word of mouth rating. Discussion: The estimation results imply that the smoking environment is not a significant factor for a customer to choose a Japanese pub. It may also imply that even if the non-smoking policy decreases the demand for smokers, it would increase the demand for those who do not smoke. Conclusion: Even if non-smoking policy is taken at a Japanese pub, customer reviews will not decline, or customers will not shift to competing Japanese pubs where smoking is allowed, and therefore the bar’s sales will not decrease. Hence, to prevent health damage resulting from smoking, it can be justified that government, municipalities and customers request smoking cessation to Japanese pub even from the economic point of view.

労働者の健康向上に必要な政策・施策のあり方：労働経済学研究を踏まえた論考

黒田祥子, 山本勲

RIETI Policy Discussion Paper Series 19-P-004 1 - 29 2019

労働統計と経済学

山本勲

経済セミナー 2019.6-7 4 - 5 2019

働き方関連法による長時間労働是正の効果

山本勲

日本労働研究雑誌 702 29 - 39 2019

Use of new information technology such as AI and worker well-being: Evidence from panel data analysis (Japanese)

Y Isamu, K Sachiko

Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI) Discussion Papers … 2019

Policies and measures necessary for improving workers' health: Discussions based on labor economics studies (Japanese)

K Sachiko, Y Isamu

Policy Discussion Papers (Japanese) 2019

Policies and measures necessary for improving workers' health: Discussions based on labor economics studies (Japanese)

S Kuroda, I Yamamoto

Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI) 2019

Impact of the Work-style Reform on Overtime Hours and Self-training Time: Evidence using Japanese time-use data (Japanese)

K Sachiko, Y Isamu

Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI) Discussion Papers … 2019

AIなどの新しい情報技術の利用と労働者のウェルビーイング：パネルデータを用いた検証

黒田祥子, 山本勲

RIETI Discussion Paper No.19-J-012 1 - 30 2019

AIなどの新しい情報技術の利用と労働者のウェルビーイング：パネルデータを用いた検証

山本勲, 黒田祥子

RIETI Discussion Paper Series 19-J-012 1 - 28 2019

日本経済に求められる働き方改革と企業パフォーマンスの向上

山本勲

統計 2019.7 10 - 15 2019

長時間労働是正と人的資本投資との関係

山本勲, 黒田祥子

RIETI Discussion Paper Series 19-J-022 1 - 32 2019

長時間労働是正と人的資本投資との関係

黒田祥子, 山本勲

RIETI Discussion Paper No.19-J-022 2019

Good boss, bad boss, workers’ mental health and productivity: Evidence from Japan

Kuroda S, Yamamoto I

Japan and the World Economy (Japan and the World Economy) 48 106 - 118 2018.12

Accepted, ISSN 09221425

It is widely believed that the relationship between a supervisor and his/her employees greatly affects employees’ well-being and/or productivity. However, only a few papers in the economics literature analyze how supervisors influence employees’ well-being and enhance productivity. This paper uses longitudinal data of employees with information about their immediate bosses’ ability, management skills, and characteristics (such as competency, communication skills, and personality traits) to investigate the influence of supervisors on employees. The main findings are as follows. First, even after controlling for individual-specific fixed effects and other job characteristics, such as those proposed in the job strain model, we find that supervisors’ good communication with staff and competency in managerial tasks significantly improve employees’ mental health. Second, we find that good communication between the boss and his/her staff enhances the latter's productivity and lowers presenteeism. Third, supervisors’ bad communication and low competency increase the probability of quitting. Fourth, good communication partially depends on boss–staff compatibility, which is governed in part by their combined personality traits.

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女性活躍を推進する働き方と企業業績

山本勲

一橋ビジネスレビュー 66(1) 30 - 43 2018

働き方改革の必要性と効果

山本勲

ビジネスレーバートレンド 1 36 - 39 2018

企業における女性活躍の推進

山本勲

多様化する日本人の働き方―非正規・女性・高齢者の活躍の場を探る - 142 - 162 2018

上場企業における働き方改革と利益率―「スマートワーク経営調査」データを用いた検証

山本勲

スマートワーク経営研究会・中間報告書：働き方改革と生産性、両立の条件 - 2018

Living in harmony with Artificial Intelligence: Will AI replace your work?

ATAKA Kazuto, CHEN Dominique, YAMAGUCHI Takahira, YAMAMOTO Isamu

Journal of Information Processing and Management (Japan Science and Technology Agency) 60 ( 12 ) 865 - 881 2018

ISSN 00217298

学界展望：労働経済学研究の現在

山本勲

日本労働研究雑誌 692 2 - 44 2018

ＡＩは営業担当者の働き方をどのように変えるか

山本勲

一橋ビジネスレビュー 66(3) 76 - 88 2018

高齢者の失業が健康に及ぼす影響

山本勲

多様化する日本人の働き方―非正規・女性・高齢者の活躍の場を探る - 230 - 245 2018

非正規雇用から正規雇用への転換と技術革新

山本勲

多様化する日本人の働き方―非正規・女性・高齢者の活躍の場を探る - 19 - 45 2018

情報開示の有無を考慮した女性活躍推進と企業業績の関係（企業の人的資産情報の「見える化」に関する研究報告書）

山本勲

JILPT調査シリーズ 185 128 - 146 2018

労働時間：テーマ別にみた労働統計

YAMAMOTO Isamu

日本労働研究雑誌 (労働政策研究・研修機構) 55 ( 633 ) 10-13 - 13 2013

Research paper (scientific journal), Single Work, ISSN 0916-3808

震災ボランティア活動参加の決定メカニズム

YAMAMOTO Isamu

日本の家計行動のダイナミズムVIII (慶應義塾大学出版会) 248-262 2012

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work

ワーク・ライフ・バランス施策と企業の生産性

YAMAMOTO Isamu

国際日比較の視点から日本のワーク・ライフ・バランスを考える (ミネルヴァ書房) 22-62 2012

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work

長時間労働と日本的雇用慣行‐労働需要行動からみた日本人の働き方」

YAMAMOTO Isamu

国際日比較の視点から日本のワーク・ライフ・バランスを考える (ミネルヴァ書房) 63-84 2012

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work

労働市場における地域寡占がパートタイム雇用者の賃金格差に与える影響

YAMAMOTO Isamu

日本の家計行動のダイナミズムVII (慶應義塾大学出版会) 223-241 2011

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work

人々はいつ働いているか？―深夜化と正規・非正規雇用の関係

YAMAMOTO Isamu

非正規雇用改革 (日本評論社) 2011

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work

非正規労働者の希望と現実—不本意型非正規雇用の実態

YAMAMOTO Isamu

非正規雇用改革 (日本評論社) 2011

Research paper (scientific journal), Single Work

雇用政策

YAMAMOTO Isamu

新老年学・第3版 (東京大学出版会) 1825-1839 2010

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Single Work

正規・非正規雇用間格差の発生と健康状態への影響

YAMAMOTO Isamu

貧困のダイナミズム (慶應義塾大学出版会) 133-151 2010

Single Work

ホワイトカラー・エクゼンプションの働き方への影響

YAMAMOTO Isamu

労働時間改革—日本の働き方をいかに変えるか (日本評論社) 97-113 2010

Joint Work

賃金調整・雇用調整とフィリップス曲線の変化：90年代の変化とその背景

YAMAMOTO Isamu

労働市場と所得分配（「バブル／デフレ期の日本経済と経済政策」） (慶應義塾大学出版会) 47-80 2010

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Single Work

労働供給弾性値はどのように変化したか？－マクロとマイクロの双方の視点から

YAMAMOTO Isamu

応用ミクロ計量経済学 91-130 2010

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Single Work

不本意就業を考慮した労働供給構造の推定：労働供給の質は向上するか

YAMAMOTO Isamu

日本の家計行動のダイナミズム［V］ (慶應義塾大学出版会) 39-69 2009

Research paper (scientific journal), Single Work

高年齢者雇用安定法改正の効果分析—60歳代前半の雇用動向

YAMAMOTO Isamu

日本の家計行動のダイナミズム［IV］：制度政策の変更と就業行動 (慶應義塾大学出版会) 2008

Research paper (scientific journal), Single Work

異時点間の労働供給弾性値（Frisch弾性値）の計測—わが国有配偶女性のマイクロ・データを用いた検証—

YAMAMOTO Isamu

三田商学研究 (慶應義塾大学出版会) 51 ( 2 ) 77 - 92 2008

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, ISSN 0544-571X

論文本稿では，20～30代を中心とする有配偶女性の個票データ（家計経済研究所『消費生活に関するパネル調査』の1993～2001年調査）を用いて，異時点間の労働供給弾性値であるFrisch 弾性値を推計するとともに，1990年代以降の景気後退期における，わが国の有配偶女性の労働供給行動を明らかにする。分析の結果，フルタイム労働について，賃金が限界的に1 パーセント変化した際の労働市場の参入・退出行動（extensive margin）に関するFrisch 弾性値の推計値は0.285になることがわかった。また，労働時間の選択行動（intensive margin）に関するFrisch 弾性値の推計値は，フルタイム労働，パートタイム労働ともに統計的にゼロと有意に異ならなかった。賃金の一時的な変動に対する労働供給行動の変化がintensive margin よりもextensive margin の影響を強く受けるとの結果は，米国の先行研究で明らかにされてきたが，わが国でもフルタイム労働を中心に同様の特徴が示されたことになる。次に，就業（求職）意欲喪失効果については，景気後退が深刻化した1997年から1999年にかけてフルタイム労働で顕現化していたことがわかった。また，追加労働者効果についても，本人以外の世帯収入の低下がフルタイム労働やパートタイム労働の選択確率を上昇させる形で1990年代に存在したことが示された。

デフレ脱却期における賃金の伸縮性—国際比較の観点から—

YAMAMOTO Isamu

三田商学研究 (慶應義塾大学出版会) 50 ( 5 ) 1 - 14 2007

Research paper (scientific journal), Single Work, ISSN 0544-571X

商学部創立50周年記念 = Commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the faculty50周年記念論文本稿では，『慶應義塾家計パネル調査』（2004～07年調査）のパネル・データを用いて，デフレを脱却しつつある2004～06年の日本経済において，労働者個々人の賃金がどの程度伸縮的であったかを検証するとともに，Dickens et al. （2007）の分析結果を用いて名目賃金の下方硬直性の度合いを国際比較する。分析の結果，日本の労働者個々人の名目賃金のうち，パートタイム労働者の時給やフルタイム労働者の所定内月給については，下方硬直性の度合いが国際的にみて大きい一方で，フルタイム労働者の年間給与は，国際的にみて下方硬直性の度合いが小さいとの結果が得られた。つまり，日本の近年のフルタイム労働者の名目賃金は，所定内給与は下方硬直的であるものの，残業手当や賞与による調整幅が大きいために，それらを合わせた年間給与でみれば，国際的にみて大きな伸縮性をもっていると評価できる。もっとも，2004～06年の景気回復期でもフルタイム労働者の所定内月給が下方硬直的であったことには留意すべきであり，日本の名目賃金は，所定内月給の調整を必要とするほどの大規模なショックに対しては必ずしも伸縮的には変動しない可能性があるとの解釈もできる。一方，フルタイム労働者のどのような属性で賃金の据え置きや賃金カットが顕著に生じているかを検証したところ，下方硬直性が確認された所定内月給が据え置かれる確率については，属性による大きな違いはみられず，ある特定の属性に偏って下方硬直性が生じていることはなかった。また，賃金カットについては，所定内月給，年間給与ともに，賃金水準の高い労働者ほど賃金カットを受けやすく，その度合いも大きいことがわかった。このことは，賃金格差が縮小傾向にあることを示唆する。

企業における高齢者の活用─定年制と人事管理のあり方

YAMAMOTO Isamu

少子化の経済分析 (東洋経済新報社) 67-91 2006.12

Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.), Joint Work

バブル崩壊以降のわが国の賃金変動：人件費および失業率の変化と名目賃金の下方硬直性の関係

YAMAMOTO Isamu

金融研究 (日本銀行金融研究所) 24 ( 1 ) 123-155 - 155 2005

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0287-5306

名目賃金の下方硬直性を巡る論点と政策含意：1990年代のわが国の経験を中心に

YAMAMOTO Isamu

金融研究 (日本銀行金融研究所) 24 ( 4 ) 101-132 - 132 2005

Research paper (scientific journal), Joint Work, Accepted, ISSN 0287-5306