慶應義塾研究者情報データベース

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• Impacts of Improved Rural Roads on the Well-Being of Cambodian Villagers

  Vu T.M., Yamada H.

  Review of Development Economics 30 （ 1 ） 78 - 90 2026年02月

  ISSN  13636669

  　概要を見る

  We examine the impacts of improved rural roads on villagers, using panel data of Cambodian villages (2006–2021). We apply econometric methods to deal with multiple treatment timings and multiple time periods in an event study. We find an association between the wealth of villagers and the improvement of rural roads. A higher minimum price for rice at the farm gate may be one of the reasons for the increase in wealth. We also find impacts of improved rural roads on (reducing) illiteracy rates among villagers. However, we do not find any statistically significant impacts on the school enrollment rate, structural change, or internal migration. Instead, improved rural roads lead to a higher share of families being subjected to environmental pollution. Our findings suggest that policymakers should have cautious expectations regarding the feasible impacts of improved rural roads.

  • Access to Document (DOI)

• The impact of terminating universal primary education on fertility: Evidence from Kenya

  Wakano A., Yamada H.

  International Journal of Educational Development 117 2025年09月

  ISSN  07380593

  　概要を見る

  This paper investigates the educational impact on fertility caused by the termination of universal primary education (UPE) in Kenya. Although previous studies have used the introduction of UPE as a natural experiment, we focus on a unique policy change, namely, the termination of UPE. By using six waves of the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), our paper presents the statistically significant discontinuity in female years of education at the termination of UPE. The termination of UPE led to a decrease of 0.57 years in of female education. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, we identify the impacts of education on both onset of fertility and total fertility. One additional year of female education delays onset of fertility by 0.67 years and reduces total fertility by 0.21 fewer children by the age of 46 years. As for the mechanism of these changes, we explore three possible pathways: labor participation, knowledge of contraception, and assortative mating.

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• Cervical, Breast, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates Among Sexual and Gender Minority Women in Japan: Using a Nationwide Online Survey

  Matsushima M., Wang J., Minami T., Yamada H., Kondo N., Tabuchi T.

  Health Science Reports 8 （ 8 ）  2025年08月

  　概要を見る

  Background and Aims: Owing to the high mortality rates associated with cervical and breast cancers, increasing screening uptake is a priority. However, the current policy lacks consideration for sexual and gender minorities (SGMs). This study aimed to examine whether SGM women have lower take-up rates of these female-organ-specific cancers than non-SGM women by investigating the difference in screening frequency between them. Additionally, colorectal cancer screening was used as another outcome to determine whether the results were unique to female-organ-specific cancers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a nationwide online survey in 2023. Information from women aged 20–69 years was used, with a sample size of 12,305, including 1371 SGM and 10,934 non-SGM individuals. As an outcome variable, the careening take-up of cervical and breast cancers was used, sex-specific cancer and being screened in Obstetrics and Gynecology, colorectal cancer, which is non-sex specific, and the screening is conducted at home. Results: Considering demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status as constants, a lower likelihood of screening for cervical and breast cancer was observed in SGM women than in non-SGM women (odds ratio [OR] 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69–0.88 for cervical cancer, and OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.64–0.93 for breast cancer). No difference was found between SGM and non-SGM women in colorectal cancer screening (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.80–1.16). Conclusion: This study highlights the sexual orientation and gender identity gap in the frequency of cervical and breast cancer screenings but not in colorectal cancer screenings. This study highlights the potential barriers faced by SGM women, emphasizing the importance of raising awareness of the unique healthcare challenges, particularly concerning female-organ-specific cancers.

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• The impact of computer science education in primary schools: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial in Iraq

  Shimizutani S., Taguchi S., Yamada H.

  Plos One 20 （ 5 May ）  2025年05月

  　概要を見る

  With the growing digitization of society, there is a need to enhance computational thinking as an indispensable skill for modern daily life. Consequently, computer science education for children at early ages has become increasingly important. This study conducts a randomized controlled trial to examine the impact of the interventions using educational robotics as well as computer-aided mathematics drills (via a “math app”) on students' performance in primary schools in Basra, Iraq. We provide several new empirical findings. First, the short-run impact of robotics-based learning on computational thinking is positive and statistically significant for girls, particularly poor performing girls, but not for boys. Second, the impact on computational thinking is augmented by introducing a math app, further improving computational thinking. Together, these two interventions also enhance general intelligence. Third, the positive impact was still evident more than three months after the interventions for girls who received both computer science and math education, suggesting their complementarity. Our results show that computer science education using educational robots in primary schools is effective in enhancing computational thinking and relevant skills.

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• Gender, social networks, and the use of organic fertilizers toward sustainable agriculture in suburban villages of Central Vietnam

  Le T.Q.A., Shimamura Y., Yamada H., Le M.D.

  Sustainable Development 33 （ 1 ） 1401 - 1416 2025年02月

  ISSN  09680802

  　概要を見る

  Farmland degradation caused by excessive use of agrochemicals is a serious environmental concern, and thus the use of organic fertilizers is encouraged for sustainable agriculture in Vietnam. However, the adoption of organic fertilizers among farming households has been slow, spontaneous, and fragmented. The absence of credible information and advisory sources is reported to be a critical constraint. The sharing of information and experiences among social networks is expected to play an important role in overcoming this constraint, although strong causal evidence remains scarce. Therefore, this study employs an instrumental variable approach with observational village-census data to identify the causal impacts of social networks on the adoption of organic fertilizers and explores the underlying information-sharing mechanism within social networks, providing rich information about existing social networks for both men and women separately. The estimation results show that in farming households, the wife's social networks have a positive and significant effect on the diffusion of organic fertilizers. Our findings highlight the role of information exchange, experience sharing, and agricultural collaboration among groups of women in enhancing pro-environmental agricultural practices in suburban villages of Central Vietnam.

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• 開発途上国における医療受診行動と医療従事者による対応のミクロデータ分析

  山田, 浩之

  学事振興資金研究成果実績報告書 （慶應義塾大学）  2023年

• 野外排泄とトイレ : 女性の安全・尊厳・ウェルビーイングの経済学

  山田, 浩之

  学事振興資金研究成果実績報告書 （慶應義塾大学）  2022年

• 地理空間情報科学をいかに開発経済学に融合出来るか

  山田, 浩之

  科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書 2021年

• 持続可能な開発目標達成に取り組む発展途上国のミクロデータを用いた実証分析

  山田, 浩之

  学事振興資金研究成果実績報告書 （慶應義塾大学）  2020年

• 発展途上国における女性を取り巻く諸課題に関する研究

  山田, 浩之

  学事振興資金研究成果実績報告書 （慶應義塾大学）  2019年

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競争的研究費の研究課題 【 表示 ／ 非表示 】

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• アフリカにおけるNGO－アカデミア協働の経済学：マダガスカルのトイレプロジェクト

  2023年04月

  -

  2027年03月

  山田 浩之, 基盤研究(B), 補助金,  研究代表者

• 歴史的・文化的要因から説き起こす開発計量経済学

  2022年06月

  -

  2025年03月

  文部科学省・日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 山田 浩之, 挑戦的研究（萌芽）, 補助金,  研究代表者

• 地理空間情報科学をいかに開発経済学に融合出来るか

  2018年04月

  -

  2021年03月

  文部科学省・日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 山田　浩之, 基盤研究(C), 補助金,  研究代表者

• ベトナム・日本の企業・工場レベルデータを用いた国際化とその国内経済への影響の研究

  2013年04月

  -

  2017年03月

  文部科学省・日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 山田　浩之, 若手研究(B), 補助金,  研究代表者

  　研究概要を見る

  本研究ではベトナム統計局が収集している企業レベルのミクロデータを用い、こと可能な限りパネルデータ化を行って、ベトナムの様々な社会経済の構造変化をとらえる実証的な分析を試みた。具体的には、外資系企業の生存要因分析に関する研究、ベトナムへの対外直接投資はその出資国によってベトナム国内産業の生産性へもたらす影響に違いがあるのか?、医療保険加入と企業のパフォーマンスの間に関係性はあるのか、といったトピックを扱った。また輸入浸透度と国内雇用といった先進国にも共通するトピックに関しては、ベトナムに加えて日本の工場レベルのデータを用いた分析も行った。

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担当授業科目 【 表示 ／ 非表示 】

• 研究会ｄ

  2026年度

• 開発経済論

  2026年度

• 研究会（卒業論文）

  2026年度

• 開発経済論ｂ

  2026年度

• 研究会ｂ

  2026年度

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